ZHENG Lingling,CHEN Meilan,JI Ruifeng,et al.Effects of Fertilizer on Growth of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch.[J].Northern Horticulture,2021,(20):119-125.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20204544]
塑填肥料与常规化肥对甘草生长的影响
- Title:
- Effects of Fertilizer on Growth of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch.
- Keywords:
- Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch.; conventional chemical fertilizers; plastic fertilizer; growth; quality
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 以甘草为试材，采用盆栽试验的方法，设计不加肥料对照组、塑填肥料处理组、常规化肥处理组共3组，测定甘草生长性状、光合作用、有效成分以及甘草和土壤营养成分含量，研究不同施肥处理对甘草生长和质量的影响，以期为解决甘草施肥措施提供有效技术指导。结果表明:不同肥料处理均能显著增加甘草地上鲜质量、株高、根粗、主根长、分枝数和地上干质量；显著提高光合特征Y(Ⅱ)、qP、Fv/Fm和NPQ指标含量；显著增加地上和地下部甘草苷、甘草酸含量；显著增加甘草地上和地下部氮磷钾含量，以及土壤中速效磷、速效钾、全磷和全钾的含量。此外，塑填肥料与常规化肥相比，甘草的生长指标、光合指标、有效成分含量、甘草地下及土壤营养成分含量均有增加的趋势。整体而言，塑填肥料能更好的促进甘草的生长，提高其光合作用，增加有效成分含量，提高甘草的质量，同时避免常规化肥利用率低、资源浪费等问题，建议在甘草栽培中合理施用塑填肥料。
- Abstract:
- Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch.was used as test material,the method of pot experiment was adopted.The experiment was designed in three groups,such as the control group without fertilizer,the plastic fertilizer treatment group and the conventional fertilizer treatment group.The growth characters,photosynthesis,active components,and the nutrient contents of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch.and soil were measured,and the effects of different fertilization treatments on the growth and quality of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch.were analyzed,in order to solve the licorice fertilization measures and provide effective technical guidance.The results showed that different fertilizer treatments could significantly increase the ground fresh weight,plant height,root diameter,taproot length,branch number and ground dry weight of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch.,improve photosynthetic characteristics of Y(Ⅱ),qP,Fv/Fm and NPQ index content;the contents of glycyrrhizin and glycyrrhizic acid in the aboveground and underground parts were significantly increased.The contents of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium in the aboveground and underground parts of glycyrrhizae and the contents of available phosphorus,available potassium,total phosphorus and total potassium in the soil were significantly increased.In addition,compared with conventional fertilizer,the growth index,photosynthetic index,active component content,underground and soil nutrient content of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch.showed an increasing trend in plastic fertilizer treatment.On the whole,plastic fertilizer can better promote the growth of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch.,improve its photosynthesis,increased the content of active ingredients and improve the quality of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch..Meanwhile,low utilization rate of conventional chemical fertilizer and waste of resources can be avoided.It is suggested to rationally apply plastic fertilizer in Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch.cultivation.
参考文献/References:
[1]国家药典委员会.中华人民共和国药典:2015年版（一部）[M].北京：中国医药科技出版社,2015.[2]张静,胡代琼,刘三侠,等.常见甘草品种有效成分及药理作用研究进展[J].中兽医医药杂志,2012,31(1):23-27.[3]王兵,王亚新,赵红燕,等.甘草的主要成分及其药理作用的研究进展[J].吉林医药学院学报,2013,34(3):215-218.[4]濮春娟,李鹏英,周修腾,等.栽培基质酸碱度对甘草生长及菌根效应的影响[J].菌物学报,2019,38(4):504-512.[5]王丹,侯俊玲,万春阳,等.中药材施肥研究进展[J].土壤通报,2011,42(1):225-228.[6]曾波,何忠俊,毛昆明,等.药用植物施肥研究进展[J].云南农业大学学报,2007,22(4):587-592.[7]黄继川,彭智平,涂玉婷,等.减量施肥对包菜产量、品质和土壤养分平衡的影响[J].中国农学通报,2019,35(7):64-68.[8]唐汉,王金武,徐常塑,等.化肥减施增效关键技术研究进展分析[J].农业机械学报,2019,50(4):1-19.[9]陈美兰,申业,周修腾,等.施用不同中药渣对甘草生长及有效成分含量的影响[J].中国中药杂志,2016,41(10):1811-1814.[10]李明,张清云,蒋齐,等.氮磷钾互作效应对甘草黄酮含量影响的初步研究[J].土壤通报,2007(2):301-304.[11]黄亚萍,陈垣,郭凤霞,等.氮磷钾配施对甘草育苗质量的影响[J].草业学报,2012,21(2):233-240.[12]赵倩,任仟,陈玉敏,等.磷肥和钾肥配合施用对甘草有效成分的影响[J].林业与生态科学,2019,34(1):87-92.[13]金燕清,王秋玲,侯俊玲,等.氮磷钾配施对甘草生物量和活性成分的影响[J].中国现代中药,2016,18(7):881-887.[14]彭励,胡正海.甘草生物学及化学成分的研究进展[J].中草药,2005(11):1744-1747.[15]刘娟,赵晓进.中国缓、控释化肥的研发进展[J].北方园艺,2011(21):189-190.[16]吴天祥,吴旻.用废旧塑料作载体生产农用功能性缓释材料[J].中国包装,2000，20(2):49-50.[17]徐飞,郭卫华,徐伟红,等.短期干旱和复水对麻栎幼苗光合及叶绿素荧光的影响[J].山东林业科技,2008(4):1-4，40.[18]李伟,曹坤芳.干旱胁迫对不同光环境下的三叶漆幼苗光合特性和叶绿素荧光参数的影响[J].西北植物学报,2006(2):266-275.[19]朱成刚,陈亚宁,李卫红,等.干旱胁迫对胡杨PSII光化学效率和激能耗散的影响[J].植物学报,2011,46(4):413-424.[20]纪瑛,张佳杰,王龙强,等.氮磷钾配施对甘草生长动态和产量的影响[J].草业科学,2014,31(4):717-723.[21]付雪艳,马玲,张新慧,等.氮、磷、钾肥不同配比对甘草主要有效成分含量的影响研究[J].中药材,2013,36(11):1735-1739.[22]李冬梅,赵超艺,刘小飞.施用不同肥料对扦插紫花山奈生长和光合作用的影响[J].热带农业科学,2017,37(11):4-10.[23]吴任宏.新型塑填肥料：长效塑肥[J].新疆农业科技,2002 (1):24.[24]吴天祥.北京化工学院研制的长效肥料[J].化工进展,1989 (5):55-56.[25]KLAMKOWSKI K,BORKOWSKA B,TREDER,et al.Effct of mycorrhizal inoculation on photosynthetic activity and vegetative growth of cranberry plants grown under different water regimes[J].Acta Horticulturae,2009，838:109-114.[26]王丽媛,周厚高.不同营养组合和施肥量对切花百合光合特性及干物质含量的影响[J].北方园艺,2014(4):58-63.[27]邹廷伟,边丽华,于德强,等.不同肥料配比对黄芩生物量和有效成分积累的影响[J].山东农业科学,2016,48(5):58-61.[28]于越,韩俊龙,李雪莲,等.甘草配方施肥及各元素对光合作用的贡献率[J].北华大学学报(自然科学版),2017,18(5):672-675.[29]叶菊.生态功能肥对甘草产量和品质的影响及其生理基础研究[D].银川：甘肃农业大学,2014.
相似文献/References:
[1]常桂英,孙立梅,赵 雪,等.长白山刺果甘草与甘草化学成分的比较研究[J].北方园艺,2014,38(10):146.
CHANG Gui-ying,SUN Li-mei,ZHAO Xue,et al.Comparative Study on the Chemical Constituents of Changbai Mountain Glycyrrhiza pallidiflora and Glycyrrhiza uralensis [J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(20):146.
[2]余蕾.微波法提取甘草中类黄酮的工艺研究[J].北方园艺,2014,38(07):130.
YU Lei.Research on Flavonoid Extraction From Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch by Microwave Method[J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(20):130.
[3]刘美杰,郝彩琴.宁夏乌拉尔甘草经济施磷量研究[J].北方园艺,2013,37(01):155.
LIU Mei-jie,HAO Cai-qin.Study on Economic Phosphate Levels of Ningxia Ural Licorice[J].Northern Horticulture,2013,37(20):155.
[4]舒康云,陶永元,徐成东,等.一种可食性涂膜保鲜液对樱桃保鲜效果的影响[J].北方园艺,2013,37(23):137.
SHU Kang-yun,TAO Yong-yuan,XU Cheng-dong,et al.Fresh-keeping Effect of an Edible Film on Cherry Preservation[J].Northern Horticulture,2013,37(20):137.
[5]马尧.左家地区甘草氮肥施用量的研究[J].北方园艺,2012,36(21):146.
MA Yao.Study on the Nitrogenous Fertilizer Application Rate on Glycyrrhiza uralensis in Zuojia Area[J].Northern Horticulture,2012,36(20):146.
[6]郭艳茹,林洁.乙醇浸提甘草中总黄酮的工艺研究[J].北方园艺,2013,37(24):158.
GUO Yan-ru,LIN Jie.Research on the Extraction Technology of Total Flavonoids from Licorice[J].Northern Horticulture,2013,37(20):158.
[7]李彩虹,王彩艳,王晓静.宁夏道地甘草重金属残留特征及污染风险评价[J].北方园艺,2016,40(18):159.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201618039]
LI Caihong,WANG Caiyan,WANG Xiaojing.Heavy Metal Residual Characteristics of Liquorice and Pollutional Risk Assessment in Ningxia[J].Northern Horticulture,2016,40(20):159.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201618039]
[8]李亚娇,郭九峰,刘晓婷,等.高压静电场处理对甘草苗期生理生化指标的影响[J].北方园艺,2017,41(02):153.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201702037]
LI Yajiao,GUO Jiufeng,LIU Xiaoting,et al.Influence of High Voltage Electrostatic on Physiological and Biochemical Indexes of Licorice During Seedling Stage[J].Northern Horticulture,2017,41(20):153.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201702037]
[9]邹原东,高琼,毕红艳,等.不同丛枝菌根真菌对甘草生长和保护酶活性的影响[J].北方园艺,2017,41(12):162.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201712036]
ZOU Yuandong,GAO Qiong,BI Hongyan,et al.Effects of Different Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi on Growth and Protective Enzyme Activity of Glycyrrhiza uralensis[J].Northern Horticulture,2017,41(20):162.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201712036]
[10]袁思文,刘育辰,刘刚,等.基于化学成分和DNA分子标记的甘草质量评价研究进展[J].北方园艺,2019,43(13):148.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20183356]
YUAN Siwen,LIU Yuchen,LIU Gang,et al.Advances in Quality Evaluation of Licorice Based on Chemical Composition and DNA Molecular Markers[J].Northern Horticulture,2019,43(20):148.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20183356]
备注/Memo
第一作者简介：郑玲玲(1994-)，女，硕士，现主要从事中药质量评价与新药研发等研究工作。E-mail:zheng13203879969@163.com.责任作者：周修腾(1986-),男，博士，助理研究员，现主要从事药用植物与微生物互作等研究工作。E-mail:zxt_0508@163.com.基金项目：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金资助项目（81803658）；中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目（ZZXT201803，ZZ13-YQ-088）。收稿日期：2020-10-30