REN Zi-li,ZHANG Xian.Study on Irrigation Experiment of Watermelon Drip Irrigation Under Film Based on E601-B Evaporator in Plastic Shed[J].Northern Horticulture,2015,39(04):34-40.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201504008]
基于E601-B型蒸发器大棚西瓜膜下滴灌试验研究
- Title:
- Study on Irrigation Experiment of Watermelon Drip Irrigation Under Film Based on E601-B Evaporator in Plastic Shed
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 以‘农科大5’西瓜为试材，在不同生育阶段依据E601-B型蒸发器蒸发量控制灌水设置3个灌溉水平（Kcp：0.5Ep、1.0Ep、1.5Ep），研究大棚膜下滴灌条件不同生育阶段不同灌溉处理对西瓜产量、品质、需水量以及水分利用率的影响，分析灌水量、需水量与产量品质的关系以及需水规律。结果表明：在西瓜生长期内，大棚内的平均温度和平均蒸发器蒸发量显著正相关（R2=0.73，P<0.05），依此结论指导基于E601-B型蒸发器的棚室环境调控。T5的灌溉处理（苗期、开花坐果期、果实膨大期、成熟期Kcp分别为1Ep、1Ep、1.5Ep、0.5Ep）是基于E601-B型蒸发器大棚西瓜膜下滴灌的最优灌溉模式，可为西瓜科学灌溉提供参考。灌水量、需水量与果实产量呈对数显著正相关，相关系数分别为0.79、0.64（P<0.05）。灌水量、需水量与植株鲜重呈线性显著正相关，相关系数分别为0.80和0.50（P<0.05）。植株干重与灌水量、需水量的相关性不显著（P>0.05）。西瓜果实维生素C含量与全生育期需水量显著负相关（P<0.05）；可溶性蛋白质含量与膨大成熟期灌水量显著正相关（P<0.05）；可溶性固形物含量与膨大成熟期灌水量负相关。
- Abstract:
- Taking watermelon cultivars named ‘Nongkeda No.5’ as test materials，with irrigation water amount controlled by E601-B type evaporator/pan，the effects of different water supply conditions(Kcp：0.5Ep，1.0Ep，1.5Ep) in different growth stages on watermelon’s yield，fruit quality，water use efficiency was studied，the relationship between irrigation water amount(Ir)，evapotranspiration(ET) and yield，fruit quality，and water requirement regulation were analyzed.There sults showed that a very significant positive correlation between daily mean temperature(T) and daily mean pan evaporation(EP) were showed，and the correlation coefficients was 0.73(P<0.05)，which could be used to guide controlling environment in plastic shed based on E601-B type evaporator/pan.Treatment 5 (T5) was the best for watermelon production in plastic shed that irrigation Kcp in watermelon plant seedling stage，flowering and fruit bearing period，fruit development stage and fruit mature stage respectively were 1，1，1.5，1Ep，which could be used to provide information for precision management and scientific irrigation in plastic shed watermelon production.A very significant positive correlation between irrigation water amount，evapotranspiration and fruit yield，plant fresh weight (FW)were showed，and the correlation coefficients that respectively were 0.79，0.64，0.80，0.50(P<0.05).Correlation between plant dry weight and irrigation water amount，evapotranspiration were not be found.A very significant negative correlation between vitamin C content and plant evapotranspiration was showed，and the correlation coefficients was 0.57(P<0.05).And correlation coefficient of total soluble protein content (TSP)and water irrigation amount in fruit development and mature stage was 0.60（P<0.05）.A negative correlation between total soluble solid content and water irrigation amount in fruit development and mature stage was showed，and the correlation coefficient was 0.31.
参考文献/References:
[1]王锋,康绍忠,王振昌.甘肃民勤荒漠绿洲区调亏灌溉对西瓜水分利用效率、产量与品质的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2007,25(4)：124-129.[2]肖娟,雷廷武,李光永,等.西瓜和蜜瓜咸水滴灌的作物系数和耗水规律[J].水利学报,2004(6)：119-124.[3]郑健,蔡焕杰,陈新明,等.调亏灌溉对温室小型西瓜水分利用效率及品质的影响[J].核农学报,2009,23(1)：132-138.[4]庞秀明.干旱荒漠绿洲区西瓜耗水规律与调亏灌溉模式的研究[D].杨凌：西北农林科技大学,2005.[5]李毅杰,原保忠,别之龙,等.不同土壤水分下限对大棚滴灌甜瓜产量和品质的影响[J].农业工程学报,2012,28(6)：132-138.[6]Wang Z Y,Liu Z X,Zhang Z K,et al.Subsurface drip irrigation scheduling for cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) grown in solar greenhouse based on 20 cm standard pan evaporation in Northeast China[J].Scientia Horticulturae,2009,123(1)：51-57.[7]程智慧,陈学进,赖琳玲,等.设施番茄果实生长与环境因子的关系[J].生态学报,2011,31(3)：742-748.[8]郭占奎,刘洪禄,吴文勇,等.日光温室覆膜滴灌条件下樱桃西红柿耗水规律[J].农业工程学报,2010,26(9)：53-58.[9]Faberio C,de Santa Olalla M F,Juan J A.Production of muskmelon (Cucumis melo L.) under controlled deficit irrigation in a semi-arid climate[J].Agricultural Water Management，2002,54：93-105.[10]Orgaz F,Fernandez M D,Bonachela S,et al.Evaporation of horticultural crops in an unheated plastic greenhouse[J].Agricultural Water Management,2005,72：81-96.[11]刘明池,刘向莉.亏缺灌溉对番茄果实品质和产量的影响[J].中国蔬菜,2005(z1)：46-48.[12]夏秀波.水分对有机基质栽培番茄生长、生理特性、产量品质及水分利用率的影响[D].泰安：山东农业大学,2007.[13]郑国保,孔德杰,张源沛,等.不同灌水量对日光温室番茄产量、品质和水分利用效率的影响[J].北方园艺,2011(11)：47-49.[14]Sensoy S,Ertek A,ìbrahim Gedik,et al.Irrigation frequency and amount 〖JP5〗affect yield and quality of field-grown melon (Cucumis melo L.)[J].Agricultural Water Management,2007,88：269-274.[15]钱卫鹏,邹志荣,孟长军.大棚内膜下根系分区交替滴灌不同灌溉下限对甜瓜生长及水分利用效率的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2007,25(3)：138-141.[16]王峰,杜太生,邱让建,等.亏缺灌溉对温室番茄产量与水分利用效率的影响[J].农业工程学报,2010,26(9)：46-52.[17]李晋平,蔡焕杰,郑健,等.非充分灌溉下日光温室小型西瓜高产指标研究[J].干旱地区农业研究,2010,28(2)：121-127.[18]谢忠奎,王亚军,陈士辉,等.黄土高原西北部砂田西瓜集雨补灌效应研究[J].生态学报,2003,23(10)：2033-2039.[19]郑健,蔡焕杰,王健,等.日光温室西瓜产量影响因素通径分析及水分生产函数[J].农业工程学报,2009,25(10)：30-34.[20]梁玉芹,刘云,杨军芳,等.不同灌水量对日光温室番茄产量与品质的影响[J].河北农业科学,2012,16(2)：34-36.[21]曾春芝.不同水分处理对大棚滴灌甜瓜产量与品质的影响[D].武汉：华中农业大学,2009.[22]裴芸,别之龙.塑料大棚中不同灌水量上限对生菜生长、品质及生理特性的影响[J].农业工程学报,2007,23(9)：207-210.[23]Ertek A,Sensoy S,Gedik I,et al.Irrigation scheduling based on pan evaporation values for cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) grown under field conditions[J].Agricultural Water Management,2006，81：159-172.
相似文献/References:
[1]林燚,王驰,杨瑜斌,等.西瓜嫁接栽培植株凋萎原因及对策[J].北方园艺,2013,37(04):59.
[2]陈 潇,盛萍萍,刘润进,等.西瓜与辣椒间作体系接种AM真菌对连作西瓜植株[J].北方园艺,2014,38(12):6.
CHEN Xiao,SHENG Ping-ping,LIU Run-jin,et al.Effect of Intercropping System of Pepper-Watermelon Crops Inoculating Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungus on Growth and Defence Enzymes Activity of the Continuous Cropping Watermelon[J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(04):6.
[3]李 勤,皇甫自起,陈大伟.豫东地区地膜覆盖栽培西瓜品种比较试验[J].北方园艺,2014,38(12):23.
LI Qin,HUANGFU Zi-qi,CHEN Da-wei.Comparison Test on Film Mulching Cultivating Watermelon Varieties in the East of Henan Province[J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(04):23.
[4]郭松,刘声峰,于 蓉,等.压砂地西瓜水肥耦合模型及优化组合方案[J].北方园艺,2013,37(17):8.
GUO Song,LIU Sheng-feng,YU Rong,et al.Optimized Combination Scheme and Water-Fertilizer Coupling Model on Watermelon in Sand Field[J].Northern Horticulture,2013,37(04):8.
[5]徐雪莲,张银东,符悦冠,等.蚜虫侵害对西瓜保护酶活性的影响[J].北方园艺,2014,38(01):109.
XU Xue-lian,ZHANG Yin-dong,FU Yue-guan,et al.Effect of Aphid Invasion on Protective Enzyme Activities of Different Watermelon Varieties[J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(04):109.
[6]王林闯,汪翠芳,罗德旭,等.木薯渣复合基质对西瓜幼苗生长的影响[J].北方园艺,2014,38(04):5.
WANG Lin-chuang,WANG Cui-fang,LUO De-xu,et al.Effect of Compound Substrate With Cassava Dregs on the Growth of Watermelon Seedling[J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(04):5.
[7]韩亚楠,毕美光,刘润进,等.AM真菌对连作西瓜生长及其枯萎病的影响[J].北方园艺,2013,37(13):150.
HAN Ya-nan,BI Mei-guang,LIU Run-jin,et al.Effects of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungus on Growth and Fusarium Wilt of Watermelon Seedlings in Continuous Cropping Soils[J].Northern Horticulture,2013,37(04):150.
[8]杜社妮,白岗栓,边利军.陕北丘陵沟壑区西瓜套种向日葵栽培技术[J].北方园艺,2014,38(02):56.
DU She- ni,BAI Gang- shuan,BIAN Li- jun.Cultivation Technology of Watermelon/Sunflower Intercropping in Loess Hilly and Gully Region of Northern Shaanxi[J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(04):56.
[9]缑艳霞,张明方.西瓜花药离体培养影响因子研究[J].北方园艺,2013,37(10):117.
GOU Yan-xia,ZHANG Ming-fang.Study on Factors Affecting Anther Culture in virto of Citrullus lanatus[J].Northern Horticulture,2013,37(04):117.
[10]田 梅,于 蓉,董 瑞,等.压砂地不同西瓜品种光合作用日变化研究[J].北方园艺,2013,37(23):27.
TIAN Mei,YU Rong,DONG Rui,et al.Study on Photosynthetic Diurnal Variation of Different Cultivars of Watermelon in Gravel-mulched Field[J].Northern Horticulture,2013,37(04):27.
备注/Memo
第一作者简介：任自力（1986-），男，甘肃平凉人，硕士研究生，助教，现主要从事园艺植物生理生态等教学与科研工作。E-mail：renzl@nwsuaf.edu.cn.基金项目：国家西甜瓜产业技术体系岗位科学家资助项目（CARS-26-18）；乐山职业技术学院自然科学科研资助项目（KY2014021）。