ZHAO Wei,LIU Menglong,YANG Yuanyuan,et al.Effects of Different Irrigation Methods on Tomato Growth,Yield and Water Use Efficiency[J].Northern Horticulture,2017,41(16):75-79.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20170336]
不同灌水方式对大棚番茄植株生长、产量及水分利用效率的影响
- Title:
- Effects of Different Irrigation Methods on Tomato Growth,Yield and Water Use Efficiency
- Keywords:
- irrigation methods; tomato; yield; water use efficiency
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 以番茄为试材,采用田间试验的方法,研究了膜下暗灌(G1)、膜下滴灌(G2)、隔沟交替灌溉(G3)和普通沟灌(G4)4种灌水方式对塑料大棚番茄植株生长、产量和水分利用效率的影响,以期筛选出适合当地番茄的灌溉方式。结果表明:G1、G3和G4 3种灌溉方式较G2灌水方式均显著提高了番茄株高和茎粗。G2灌水量最少,为1 146 m3·hm-2,G3次之为1 601 m·hm-2,G1和G4 2种灌水方式灌水量最大,约为2 000 m·hm-2。G2、G3较G4灌水方式分别节水44.2%和22.1%。G2灌水利用效率最高为48.1 kg·m-3,G1、G4最低为27 kg·m-3。与其它灌溉方式相比,G3显著增加了番茄地上部和地下部干质量;而普通沟灌根系干质量最小,根/冠比最低。综上可见,膜下滴灌和隔沟交替灌溉在不降低产量的前提下,可显著降低灌水量,提高灌水利用效率,为塑料大棚番茄合适的灌水方式。
- Abstract:
- Tomato was used as material,a field experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of different irrigation methods on tomato growth,yield and water use efficiency under plastic greenhouse.Four irrigation methods were set,respectively,for furrow irrigation under mulch (G1),drip irrigation under mulch (G2),alternative furrow irrigation (G3)and common furrow irrigation(G4) in order to select suitable irrigation way for local tomato.The results indicated that the irrigation amount was the least in G2 (1 146m3·hm-2).G3 (1 601 m3·hm-2) took the second place.The irrigation amount for G1 and G4 was 2 000 m3·hm-2.Compared with G4,G2 and G3 decreased water amount by 44.2% and 22.1%,respectively.Compared with G2,the irrigation methods of G1,G3 and G4 significantly increased plant height and stem diameter of tomato.The G2 had the highest water use efficiency (WUE) 48.1 kg·m-3,and the lowest was in G1 and G4 (about 27 kg·m-3).Compared with other irrigation methods,G3 significantly increased the dry weight of stem,leaf and root.While the G4 had the lowest root dry weight and root/shoot ratio.Therefore,G2 and G3 on the basis of raising the WUE and reducing irrigation amount were suitable for tomato cultivating under plastic greenhouse.Keywords:irrigation methods;tomato;yield;water use efficiency
参考文献/References:
[1]国家统计局.中国统计年鉴[M].北京:中国统计出版社,2014.
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备注/Memo
第一作者简介:赵伟(1984-),女,河北晋州人,博士,农艺师,研究方向为植物营养与调控及水肥一体化。E-mail:wei12327@163.com.