ZHANG Fengying,DU Zhizhi,HE Jiawei,et al.Effect of Bio-organic Fertilizer on Growth Characteristics and Quality of Watermelon[J].Northern Horticulture,2016,40(14):51-57.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201614013]
生物有机肥对大棚西瓜生长特性及品质的影响
- Title:
- Effect of Bio-organic Fertilizer on Growth Characteristics and Quality of Watermelon
- Keywords:
- bio-organic fertilizer; watermelon; growth characteristics; quality
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 以“京欣2号”大棚西瓜为试材,研究了生物有机肥对大棚西瓜生长特性及品质的影响。结果表明:从幼苗期到膨瓜期,生物有机肥(BOF)和对照(CK)处理下西瓜株高、茎粗、主根长随生长期呈逐渐增加趋势,而叶面积指数在膨瓜期有所降低,不同时期BOF西瓜株高、茎粗、主根长叶面积指数均高于对照;BOF和CK处理下叶绿素a和叶绿素b含量均随生长期增加呈先增加后降低趋势,可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白质含量表现为逐渐增加趋势,不同时期BOF处理下西瓜叶片叶绿素a、叶绿素b、可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白质含量均高于对照;生物有机肥增加了大棚西瓜根区土壤养分,BOF处理下西瓜根区土壤有机碳、全氮和全钾含量均显著高于CK(P<0.05),其中,以有机碳的增加幅度最大(73.67%),对全磷的影响不显著(P>0.05);生物有机肥显著增加了大棚西瓜的单瓜质量和产量(P<0.05),并且增加了西瓜果实中维生素C、可溶性蛋白质、可溶性总糖、总酸度、总黄酮、中心糖、边糖含量和含水量,以可溶性糖的增加幅度最大。综合比较来看,生物有机肥可有效促进西瓜营养代谢协调均衡,还可以提高糖分含量,改善西瓜品质,确保西瓜的高产优质。
- Abstract:
- Taking ‘Jingxin 2’ watermelon as material,the effect of bio-organic fertilizer on growth characteristics and quality were studied.The results showed that,from seedling to mature stage,the bio-organic fertilizer (BOF) and CK watermelon plant height,stem diameter,main root length increased gradually with the growth period,and leaf area index decreased in mature stage.The bio-organic fertilizer (BOF) watermelon plant height,stem diameter,main root length and leaf area index were higher than CK.The chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b contents of watermelon first increased and then decreased in BOF and CK treatment,soluble sugar and soluble protein increased gradually with the growth period,and the chlorophyll a content and chlorophyll b content,soluble sugar content,soluble protein content were higher in BOF treatment than CK.BOF treatment had increased watermelon root zone soil nutrients,BOF treatment watermelon root zone soil organic carbon,total nitrogen and total potassium were higher than CK (P<0.05),which the soil organic carbon was the most sharpest increase (73.67%),while BOF treatment had no significantly difference to soil total phosphorus (P>0.05).BOF treatment had significantly increased watermelon fruit weight and yield (P<0.05),it also increased vitamin C,soluble protein,soluble total sugar,total acidity,total brass,center sugar,sugar and water content,which the soluble total suga was the most sharpest increase (73.67%).In total,BOF treatment could effectively promote the nutrition metabolism of watermelon,increase the sugar content and improve the quality of watermelon,which ensured the high yield and good quality.
参考文献/References:
[1]GUO S,ZHANG J,SUN H,et al.The draft genome of watermelon(Citrullus lanatus)and resequencing of 20 diverse accessions[J].Nature Genetics,2013,45(1):51-58. [2]MARAN J P,SIVAKUMAR V,THIRUGNANASAMBANDHAM K,et al.Microwave assisted extraction of pectin from waste Citrullus lanatus fruit rinds[J].Carbohydrate polymers,2014,101:786-791. [3]PODURI A,RATERI D L,SAHA S K,et al.Citrullus lanatus ‘sentinel’(watermelon)extract reduces atherosclerosis in LDL receptor-deficient mice[J].The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry,2013,24(5):882-886. [4]TLILI I,HDIDER C,LENUCCI M S,et al.Bioactive compounds and antioxidant activities of different watermelon(Citrullus lanatus(Thunb.)Mansfeld)cultivars as affected by fruit sampling area[J].Journal of Food Composition and Analysis,2011,24(3):307-314. [5]LI Q,LI P,SUN L,et al.Expression analysis of β-glucosidase genes that regulate abscisic acid homeostasis during watermelon(Citrullus lanatus)development and under stress conditions[J].Journal of Plant Physiology,2012,169(1):78-85. [6]WINQVIST C,BENGTSSON J,AAVIK T,et al.Mixed effects of organic〖JP〗 farming and landscape complexity on farmland biodiversity and biological control potential across Europe[J].Journal of Applied Ecology,2011,48(3):570-579. [7]DAMRON W S.Introduction to animal science:Global,biological,social,and industry perspectives[M].Dklahoma:Prentice Hall Career and Technology,1999. [8]MDER P,BERNER A.Development of reduced tillage systems in organic farming in Europe[J].Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems,2012,27(1):7-11. [9]TUCK S L,WINQVIST C,MOTA F,et al.Land-use intensity and the effects of organic farming on biodiversity:A hierarchical meta-analysis[J].Journal of Applied Ecology,2014,51(3):746-755. [10]SEUFERT V,RAMANKUTTY N,FOLEY J A.Comparing the yields of organic and conventional agriculture[J].Nature,2012,485(7397):229-232. [11]GADERMAIER F,BERNER A,FLIEBACH A,et al.Impact of reduced tillage on soil organic carbon and nutrient budgets under organic farming[J].Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems,2012,27(1):68-80. [12]CHAPARRO J M,SHEFLIN A M,MANTER D K,et al.Manipulating the soil microbiome to increase soil health and plant fertility[J].Biology and Fertility of Soils,2012,48(5):489-499. [13]WANG K,LIAO Y,CAO S,et al.Effects of benzothiadiazole on disease resistance and soluble sugar accumulation in grape berries and its possible cellular mechanisms involved[J].Postharvest Biology and Technology,2015,102:51-60. [14]PENG T,ZHU X,DUAN N,et al.PtrBAM1,a β-amylase-coding gene of Poncirus trifoliata,is a CBF regulon member with function in cold tolerance by modulating soluble sugar levels[J].Plant,Cell and Environment,2014,37(12):2754-2767. [15]鲍士旦.土壤农化分析[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2006. [16]高俊凤.植物生理学实验指导[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2006. [17]KUJAWINSKI E B.The impact of microbial metabolism on marine dissolved organic matter[J].Annual Review of Marine Science,2011(3):567-599. [18]〖JP〗ENGEL A,PIONTEK J,GROSSART H P,et al.Impact of CO2 enrichment on organic matter dynamics during nutrient induced coastal phytoplankton blooms[J].Journal of Plankton Research,2014,36(3):641-657. [19]FALKOWSKI P G,RAVEN J A.Aquatic photosynthesis[M].New Jersey:Princeton University Press,2013. [20]ZHAO S,LIU D,LING N,et al.Bio-organic fertilizer application significantly reduces the Fusarium oxysporum population and alters the composition of fungi communities of watermelon Fusarium wilt rhizosphere soil[J].Biology and Fertility of Soils,2014,50(5):765-774. [21]YUAN J,RUAN Y,WANG B,et al.Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria strain Bacillus amyloliquefaciens NJN-6-enriched bio-organic fertilizer suppressed Fusarium wilt and promoted the growth of banana plants[J].Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry,2013,61(16):3774-3780. [22]LANG J,HU J,RAN W,et al.Control of cotton Verticillium wilt and fungal diversity of rhizosphere soils by bio-organic fertilizer[J].Biology and Fertility of Soils,2012,48(2):191-203. [23]TANG H,DUBAYAH R,BROLLY M,et al.Large-scale retrieval of leaf area index and vertical foliage profile from the spaceborne waveform lidar(GLAS/ICESat)[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,2014,154:8-18. [24]ZHU Z,BI J,PAN Y,et al.Global data sets of vegetation leaf area index(LAI)3g and Fraction of Photosynthetically Active Radiation(FPAR)3g derived from Global Inventory Modeling and Mapping Studies(GIMMS)Normalized Difference Vegetation Index(NDVI3g)for the period 1981 to 2011[J].Remote Sensing,2013,5(2):927-948. [25]GANGULY S,NEMANI R R,ZHANG G,et al.Generating global leaf area index from Landsat:Algorithm formulation and demonstration[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,2012,122:185-202. [26]TAKAHASHI S,UCHIDA A,NAKAYAMA K,et al.The C-terminal extension peptide of non-photoconvertible water-soluble chlorophyll-binding proteins(Class II WSCPs)affects their solubility and stability:comparative analyses of the biochemical and chlorophyll-binding properties of recombinant Brassica,Raphanus and Lepidium WSCPs with or without their C-terminal extension peptides[J].The Protein Journal,2014,33(1):75-84. [27]RENGER G,PIEPER J,THEISS C,et al.Water soluble chlorophyll binding protein of higher plants:a most suitable model system for basic analyses of pigment-pigment and pigment-protein interactions in chlorophyll protein complexes[J].Journal of Plant Physiology,2011,168(12):1462-1472. [28]SCHULZ H,GLASER B.Effects of biochar compared to organic and inorganic fertilizers on soil quality and plant growth in a greenhouse experiment[J].Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science,2012,175(3):410-422. [29]GATTINGER A,MULLER A,HAENI M,et al.Enhanced top soil carbon stocks under organic farming[J].Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,2012,109(44):18226-18231.
相似文献/References:
[1]闫 宁,陈 刚.生物有机肥对日光温室黄瓜农艺性状和经济效益的影响[J].北方园艺,2014,38(03):30.
YAN Ning,CHEN Gang.Effect of Bio-organic Fertilizer on Agronomic Characters and Economic Benefits of Cucumber in Solar Greenhouse[J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(14):30.
[2]张楷正,许德富,杨跃寰,等.白酒丟糟培育杏鲍菇及其菌糠再利用研究[J].北方园艺,2012,36(11):179.
ZHANGKai-zheng,XUDe-fu,YANGYue-huan,et al.StudyontheTechniquesofCultivatingPleurotuseryngii(DC.etFr.)Queland ItsFungalChaffComprehensiveUtilizationUsingSpentGrainsofChineseSpirit[J].Northern Horticulture,2012,36(14):179.
[3]孟楠,李亚洁,李学军,等.柞枝废菌棒有机肥及在君子兰栽培上的应用[J].北方园艺,2015,39(15):61.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201515018]
MENG Nan,LI Yajie,LI Xuejun,et al.Application of Organic Fertilizer Made From Waste Fungus Stick of Tussah Branches on Potted Clivia miniata Culture[J].Northern Horticulture,2015,39(14):61.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201515018]
[4]朱金英,王友平,郭建军,等.细黄链霉菌(AMCC 400001)与有机肥配合施用对设施番茄生长和产量的影响[J].北方园艺,2015,39(22):177.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201522046]
ZHU Jinying,WANG Youping,GUO Jianjun,et al.Effect of Streptomyces-microflavus (AMCC 400001) and Organic Fertilizer Combined Application on the Growth and Yield of Tomato in Greenhouse[J].Northern Horticulture,2015,39(14):177.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201522046]
[5]张会会,史娟,王俊,等.不同微生物菌剂和生物有机肥对黄芪地下生长量及根腐病的影响[J].北方园艺,2016,40(01):140.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201601037]
ZHANG Huihui,SHI Juan,WANG Jun,et al.Effect of Different Microbial Agents and Biological Organic Fertilizer on Root Growth and Root Rot Underground of Astragalus[J].Northern Horticulture,2016,40(14):140.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201601037]
[6]王彦伟,王尚堃.生物有机肥对“黄金”梨栽培的影响[J].北方园艺,2016,40(07):158.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201607040]
WANG Yanwei,WANG Shangkun.Effect of Biological Organic Fertilizer on ‘Huangjin’ Pear Cultivation[J].Northern Horticulture,2016,40(14):158.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201607040]
[7]张 生 田.增施生物有机肥和改良剂对设施蔬菜土壤次生盐渍化的改良效果研究[J].北方园艺,2011,35(12):0.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.2011012019]
ZHANG Sheng -tian.Study on the Improvement of Adding Bio -organic Fertilizer and Amendments on Greenhouse Vegetable Soil Secondary Salinization[J].Northern Horticulture,2011,35(14):0.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.2011012019]
[8]王 玉1,侯 玉 杰 2,付 乃 峰 1,等.生物有机肥对茶园土壤肥力、 养分及土壤环境的影响[J].北方园艺,2011,35(17):0.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.2011017063]
,,et al.E f f e c t o f B i o - o r g a n i c F e r t i l i z e r T r e a t m e n t o n S o i l F e r t i l i t y , N u t r i e n ta n d S o i l E n v i r o n m e n t o f T e a G a r d e n[J].Northern Horticulture,2011,35(14):0.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.2011017063]
[9]顾欣,何继涛,曹云娥,等.有机肥与菌肥配施对拱棚西瓜生长和品质的影响[J].北方园艺,2016,40(18):36.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201618011]
GU Xin,HE Jitao,CAO Yune,et al.Effect of Organic Fertilizer Combined With Microbial Fertilizer on Watermelon Growth and Quality in Plastic Shed[J].Northern Horticulture,2016,40(14):36.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201618011]
[10]高 山,祝 伟 友,尹 善 发.生物有机肥在圆葱生产中的应用试验[J].北方园艺,2004,28(03):0.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.200403050]
[J].Northern Horticulture,2004,28(14):0.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.200403050]
备注/Memo
第一作者简介:张凤英(1971-),女,云南昆明人,本科,讲师,现主要从事植物学及生长教学与研究等工作。E-mail:ZHANGfy1971@126.com.责任作者:杜芝芝(1974-),女,博士,副研究员,现主要从事芳香与药用植物及香料化学和植物生理学等研究工作。E-mail:Zhizhi_du74@126.com.