ZHANG Junfeng,XIE Jianming,ZHANG Yuxin,et al.Effects of Bio-organic Fertilizer Partially Replacing Chemical Fertilizer on Growth,Photosynthetic Characteristics and Fertilizer Utilization of Tomato in Solar Greenhouse[J].Northern Horticulture,2022,(11):44-50.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20214675]
生物有机肥部分替代化肥对日光温室番茄生长与光合特性及肥料利用率的影响
- Title:
- Effects of Bio-organic Fertilizer Partially Replacing Chemical Fertilizer on Growth,Photosynthetic Characteristics and Fertilizer Utilization of Tomato in Solar Greenhouse
- Keywords:
- tomato; bio-organic fertilizer; yield; quality; fertilizer utilization rate
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 以番茄为试材，采用随机区组试验，设不施肥（CK1）、当地常规施肥（CK2）、100%常规施肥+生物有机肥（T1)、90%常规施肥+生物有机肥(T2)、80%常规施肥+生物有机肥(T3)、70%常规施肥+生物有机肥(T4)、60%常规施肥+生物有机肥(T5)7个处理，研究生物有机肥部分替代化肥对番茄产量和产出投入比、产品品质、植株养分分配、肥料利用率的影响，以期为日光温室番茄合理施肥与提高品质提供参考依据。结果表明：与单施化肥相比，配施生物有机肥可显著提高番茄单瓜质量和667 m2产量，同时提高了植株氮磷钾的利用率和吸收量；与100%常规施肥相比，化肥减施30%配施生物有机肥提高了番茄单瓜质量、产量、品质和氮磷钾的吸收利用率；从植株不同部位对氮磷钾的分配率来看，茎叶分配率最高，果实次之，根最少。因此，减少普通化肥30%的施用量同时每667 m2配施400 kg生物有机肥可增加番茄产量，改善产品品质，显著提高氮、磷、钾肥利用率。
- Abstract:
- Taking tomato as test material,a randomized block experiment was conducted with 7 treatments,no fertilization (CK1),local conventional fertilization (CK2),100% conventional fertilization+bio-organic fertilizer (T1),90% conventional fertilization+bio-organic fertilizer (T2),80% conventional fertilization+bio-organic fertilizer (T3),70% conventional fertilization+bio-organic fertilizer (T4),60% conventional fertilization+bio-organic fertilizer (T5).The effects of partial substitution of bio-organic fertilizer for chemical fertilizer on tomato yield,output input ratio,product quality,plant nutrient distribution and fertilizer utilization were studied,in order to provide reference for rational fertilization and improving quality of tomato in solar greenhouse.The results showed that compared with single chemical fertilizer,combined application of bio-organic fertilizer could significantly increase the weight of single fruit and yield per 667 m2,and improve the utilization rate and absorption of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium;compared with 100% conventional fertilization,30% reduction of chemical fertilizer combined with bio-organic fertilizer improved the weight,yield,quality and absorption and utilization rate of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium of tomato;from the distribution rate of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium in different parts of the plant,the distribution rate of stem and leaf was the highest,followed by fruit and root.Therefore,reducing the application rate of common chemical fertilizer by 30% and applying 400 kg bio-organic fertilizer per 667 m2 could increase tomato yield,improve product quality and significantly improve the utilization rate of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilizer.
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备注/Memo
第一作者简介：张俊峰(1982-),男,博士,助理研究员,现主要从事蔬菜栽培研究与示范推广等工作。E-mail:gansuzjf@163.com.责任作者：颉建明（1970-）,男，博士，教授，现主要从事设施蔬菜栽培等研究工作。E-mail:xiejianming@gsau.edu.cn.基金项目：国家重点研发计划资助项目(2016YFD0201005)；甘肃省现代农业科技支撑体系区域创新中心重点科技资助项目(2020GAAS02)。收稿日期：2021-11-17