CHEN Liang,ZHANG Xiaoling,LI Yanrong,et al.Yellow Sand Cultivation Adaptability of Muskmelon in Desert Solar Greenhouse[J].Northern Horticulture,2020,44(18):49-57.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20200102]
戈壁日光温室厚皮甜瓜黄沙栽培适应性研究
- Title:
- Yellow Sand Cultivation Adaptability of Muskmelon in Desert Solar Greenhouse
- Keywords:
- muskmelon; yellow sand cultivation; cultivar comparison; photosynthetic characteristics; yield and quality
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 在戈壁日光温室黄沙栽培条件下以引进的6个厚皮甜瓜品种为试材，当地主栽品种‘金红宝’为对照，对比分析参试甜瓜品种的植株生长、光合特性及产量品质的差异表现，以期筛选适宜甘肃地区戈壁沙漠温室种植的厚皮甜瓜品种。结果表明：在成熟期‘Gladial’‘Ricura’‘Inthanon’的株高、叶长显著高于对照品种，‘34-804’的株高、叶长显著低于对照，其余品种与对照无显著差异，‘Gladial’和‘Inthanon’的茎粗显著高于对照，‘34-804’的茎粗显著低于对照，‘Ricura’的叶宽显著高于对照，其余品种与对照无显著差异；从光合指标来看，各品种叶片叶绿素含量SPAD、净光合速率Pn、气孔导度Gs和蒸腾速率Tr均在开花坐果期达到峰值，胞间CO2浓度Ci在成熟期达到峰值，‘Ricura’的SPAD、Pn、Gs、Ci及Tr均达到最大值，且显著高于对照品种17.71%、21.47%、29.41%、2.93%和12.93%，‘Gladial’ 的Pn、Tr显著高于对照14.01%、5.44%，‘34-804’的Pn、Gs显著低于对照5.14%、11.76%，‘34-901’的SPAD、Pn、Gs、Ci和Tr显著低于对照8.65%、8.77%、32.35%、2.10%和12.07%，‘34-902’的Pn、Gs和Tr显著低于对照5.95%、20.59%和9.18%；从产量品质来看，‘Ricura’的产量和中心含糖量均达到最大值，产量较对照显著增产10.79%，‘34-804’‘34-901’‘34-902’产量显著低于对照7.71%、13.22%和7.49%，中心含糖量除‘34-804’显著低于对照品种外，其余各品种与对照无显著差异。综合分析，‘Ricura’‘Gladial’‘Inthanon’3个品种长势较好，‘Ricura’和‘Gladial’2个品种的光合能力较强，‘Ricura’的产量优势显著，口感独特，因此推荐‘Ricura’和‘Gladial’品种在甘肃地区戈壁沙漠日光温室推广种植。
- Abstract:
- Six muskmelon cultivars were taken as test materials，by the local main plant cultivar ‘Jinhongbao’ as a comparison,comparative analysis differences in plant growth,photosynthetic characteristics,yield and quality of muskmelon cultivars were conducted.In order to screen the muskmelon cultivars which are suitable for sand cultivation condition in desert solar greenhouse of Gansu Province.The results showed that the plant height and leaf length of ‘Gladial’ ‘Ricura’ and ‘Inthanon’ were significantly higher than the control cultivars at maturity,the plant height and leaf length of ‘34-804’ were significantly lower than the control,and the other cultivars were not significantly different from the control,the stem diameter of ‘Gladial’ and ‘Inthanon’ were significantly higher than the control,the stem diameter of ‘34-804’ was significantly lower than that of the control，the leaf width of ‘Ricura’ was significantly higher than that of the control，and the other cultivars were not significantly different from the control;from the perspective of photosynthetic indexes，the chlorophyll content SPAD，leaf net photosynthetic rate Pn,stomatal conductance Gs and transpiration rate Tr of each cultivar all peaked at flowering and fruit bearing periods，and intercellular CO2 concentration Ci peaked at maturity，the SPAD，Pn，Gs，Ci and Tr of the ‘Ricura’ cultivar all reached the maximum,and were significantly higher than the control cultivar 17.71%，21.47%，29.41%，2.93% and 12.93%,the Pn and Tr of ‘Gladial’ were significantly higher than that of the control 14.01% and 5.44%,the Pn and Gs of ‘34-804’ were significantly lower than the control 5.14%，11.76%,the SPAD，Pn，Gs，Ci and Tr of ‘34-901’ were significantly lower than the control 8.65%，8.77%，32.35%，2.10% and 12.07%,the Pn，Gs and Tr of ‘34-902’ were significantly lower than the control 5.95%，20.59% and 9.18%；from the perspective of yield and quality,the yield of ‘Ricura’ and the central sugar content reached a maximum,and the yield increased significantly by 10.79% compared with the control,the yields of ‘34-804’ ‘34-901’ and ‘34-902’ were significantly lower than the control 7.71%，13.22% and 7.49%,the central sugar content was significantly lower than the control cultivar except for ‘34-804’，and the other cultivars were not significantly difference from the control.According to the comprehensive analysis,the plant growth of ‘Ricura’ ‘Gladial’ and ‘Inthanon’ were better,the photosynthetic capacity of ‘Ricura’ and ‘Gladial’ were stronger,the ‘Ricura’ had significant yield heterosis and a unique taste,therefore,it was recommended that the ‘Ricura’ and ‘Gladial’ cultivars planted in desert solar greenhouse of Gansu Province.Keywords:muskmelon;yellow sand cultivation;cultivar comparison;photosynthetic characteristics;yield and quality
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备注/Memo
第一作者简介：陈亮（1989-），男，甘肃武威人，硕士，研究实习员，现主要从事设施蔬菜生理与栽培等研究工作。E-mail:chenliang144358@163.com.责任作者：张肖凌（1965-），男，甘肃甘谷人，本科，研究员，现主要从事设施农业技术等研究工作。E-mail:173763958@qq.com.基金项目：设施农业高效生产及产业技术提升创新服务能力建设资助项目（18JR2TA008）；甘肃省重点研发计划资助项目（17YF1FH101）。收稿日期：2020-01-07