LI Genzhu,ZHANG Zichuan,ZHENG Yunpu,et al.Physiological Response to Drought Stress and Drought Tolerance Evaluation of Five North High-bush Blueberry Varieties[J].Northern Horticulture,2016,40(24):10-14.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201624003]
五种北高丛蓝莓对干旱胁迫的生理响应及其耐旱性评价
- Title:
- Physiological Response to Drought Stress and Drought Tolerance Evaluation of Five North High-bush Blueberry Varieties
- Keywords:
- North high-bush blueberry; drought stress; proline; POD; photosynthetic rate; chlorophyll fluorescence parameters
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 以“蓝丰”“大果蓝金”“公爵”“卡拉”“双迪” 等5个常用北高丛蓝莓栽培品种为试材，经过近45 d的培养，进行干旱胁迫试验。设置干旱胁迫为浇透水后的第25天（水势为（-0.10±0.011）MPa）、第35天（水势为（-1.98±0.17）MPa）、第45天（水势为（-2.97±0.18)MPa）等3个水平为轻度、中度、重度胁迫水平及正常浇水对照（水势为（-0.03±0.003）MPa），对照10 d左右浇1次水。测定了叶片相对含水量、电导率、脯氨酸、过氧化物酶(POD)、光合速率及荧光参数，并采用隶属函数法综合评价5个品种的耐旱性。结果表明：随着干旱胁迫的加重，5个品种叶片相对含水量呈现逐渐降低的趋势，在重度干旱胁迫下，5个品种叶片均显著失水，但“公爵”和“大果蓝金”的情况较好，“蓝丰”和“卡拉”适中，“双迪”失水最快；叶片电导率在轻度和中度胁迫下上升不明显,但在重度胁迫时显著升高，电导率大小依次是“双迪”＞“卡拉”＞“公爵”＞“蓝丰”＞“大果蓝金”；脯氨酸含量随着胁迫程度加剧呈上升趋势，中度和重度干旱时增幅较大，大小排序是“卡拉”＞“双迪”＞“蓝丰”＞“公爵”＞“大果蓝金”；POD活性均呈先升后降趋势，5个品种间POD活性差异显著，轻度胁迫时差异性加大、重度胁迫下各个品种间差异变小，且次序上发生了变化，为“公爵”＞“双迪”＞“卡拉”＞“蓝丰”＞“大果蓝金”；5个品种的光合速率随着干旱胁迫程度加剧呈明显下降趋势，3种胁迫条件下的光合速率均与对照差异性显著，重度胁迫与对照及轻度干旱胁迫均存在着显著差异；在轻度和中度胁迫下5个蓝莓品种叶片的Fv/Fm降幅较小，在重度胁迫时下降幅度明显。应用隶属函数法综合评价5个蓝莓品种的耐旱性强弱顺序为“公爵”＞“卡拉”＞“蓝丰”＞“大果蓝金”＞“双迪”。
- Abstract:
- Five blueberry cultivars (‘Blue crop’‘Big bluegold’‘Duke’‘Carla’ and ‘Shuangdi’) were selected to control soil water content after growing in a greenhouse for 45 days to establish canopy.Three drought stress levels (mild drought stress，moderate drought stress，and severe drought stress) were set up by measuring soil water contents after the 25th (Ψ=(-0.10±0.011)MPa)，35th (Ψ=(-1.98±0.17)MPa) and 45th day (Ψ=(-2.97±0.18)MPa)，respectively.The control pots were watered once about 10 days (Ψ=(-0.03±0.003)MPa).The leaf relative water content，conductivity，proline content and peroxidase (POD)，photosynthetic rate and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters were measured and meanwhile the anti-drought ability of the five varieties was evaluated with the membership function methods.The results showed that the leaf relative water content of the blueberry cultivars gradually decreased with the strengthening of drought stress and the leaves of the five varieties were significant water loss under severe drought，but ‘Duke’ and ‘Big bluegold’ were better than the other three varieties.The leaf conductance did not increased significantly under moderate drought，but was rising significantly under severe stress，the order was ‘Shuangdi’>‘Carla’>‘Big bluegold’>‘Duke’>‘Blue crop’.Meanwhile，the proline content was also enhanced with the increased drought stress，and obviously increased in moderate and severe drought (‘Carla’>‘Shuangdi’>‘Blue crop’>‘Duke’>‘Big bluegold’).However，the activity of POD activity shared a ‘bell’ ship curve with the increases of drought stress.There were significant differences among the POD activity of the five blueberry varieties，and severe stress between different varieties under the difference became smaller.The order of the POD activity change was ‘Duke’>‘Shuangdi’>‘Carla’>‘Blue crop’>‘Big bluegold’.The photosynthetic rates of the five blueberry varieties were significantly decreased with the intensity of drought stress.The photosynthetic rate was significant different between the mild drought stress and control，and the photosynthetic rate under severe drought were significant differences with control and the mild drought stress.The leaf Fv/Fm had a smaller decline under mild and moderate stresses and significantly decreased in severe drought stress.The strength of drought resistance of the five blueberry varieties with membership function methods was ‘Duke’>‘Carla’>‘Blue crop’>‘Big bluegold’>‘Shuangdi’.
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备注/Memo
第一作者简介：李根柱(1965-)，男，博士，教授，现主要从事小浆果研究等工作。Email:ligenzhu@126.com.基金项目：辽宁省自然科学基金资助项目（201602021）；辽宁省教育厅资助项目(L2013469)；辽宁省科技计划资助项目（2013204001）。