QUAN Liang,FENG Yifeng,XIONG Renci,et al.Effect of Intercropping Forage Grass on Soil Physical and Chemical Properties and Micro-climate in Jujube Orchards[J].Northern Horticulture,2016,40(09):183-187.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201609050]
生草栽培对枣园微域环境及土壤理化性状的影响
- Title:
- Effect of Intercropping Forage Grass on Soil Physical and Chemical Properties and Micro-climate in Jujube Orchards
- Keywords:
- jujube orchards; sown grass; micro-climate; soil nutrients
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 以阿拉尔垦区枣园间作三叶草、剪股颖、黑麦草和百脉根的密植园为研究对象，清耕枣园作为对照，研究生草栽培对枣园微域环境及土壤理化性状的影响。采用田间取样和室内分析相结合的方法，对枣园内空气温度、相对湿度、土壤温度、土壤养分等环境因子进行测定分析。结果表明：枣园间作牧草后微域环境发生变化，4种生草枣园近地层7月日均空气温度较清耕枣园分别降低1.34、1.01、0.64、1.26℃；日均空气相对湿度同比清耕枣园分别提高15.04%、8.66%、7.36%、7.39%；日均土壤温度分别较清耕枣园土壤温度低3.46、2.22、1.76、1.60℃。土壤理化性状也发生变化，生草能降低土壤容重，其中以三叶草枣园土壤容重降低效果最明显，为1.44 g/cm3；枣园生草土壤有机质含量均值同比清耕枣园分别提高了1.65、0.65、0.10、1.51 g/kg；土壤全氮含量均值比清耕枣园增加1.03、0.32、0.41、0.80 g/kg；土壤全磷略有降低，但随着土层增加略有上升趋势；土壤全钾含量差异均不显著。综上，说明生草枣园能改善园内的微域环境及土壤理化性状。
- Abstract:
- The effects of inter-planting bentgress，ryegrass and Lotus corniculatus orchards,as cover crops on the micro-climate of a jujube orchard of Alar regional were studied.Compared with clean tillage，the field sampling and laboratory analysis combination methods were used to measure soil nutrients and characteristics，soil temperature,temperature and humidity of orchard,and so on environmental factors.The results showed that the micro-climate was changed by interplanting forage grass in jujube orchards,the average daily air temperature of hear ground of four sown grass jujube gardens was lower than clean tillage，and the air temperature of jujube orchards could reduce 1.34℃,1.01℃,0.64℃ and 1.26℃.Compared with clean tillage，the average of daily air relative humidity enhanced 15.04%，8.66%，7.36% and 7.39%,the soil temperature moved down 3.46℃,2.22℃,1.76℃ and 1.60℃.The full amount of soil physical and chemical properties was changed by interplanting forage grass in jujube orchard，the soil bulk density could reduce，especially clover，the soil bulk density was 1.44 g/cm3.The soil organic matter and total nitrogen increased after interplanting the four grasses the soil organic matter could respectively decrease 1.65 g/kg,0.65 g/kg,0.10 g/kg and 1.51 g/kg,the total nitrogen could improve 1.03 g/kg，0.32 g/kg，0.41 g/kg and 0.80 g/kg.With the layer of soil rise,the total phosphorous dropped slightly,but the soil potassium content was no significant difference.In conclusion,the inter-cropping growing grass could improve micro-environments and soil physical and chemical characters.
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备注/Memo
第一作者简介：全亮(1990-)，男，硕士研究生，研究方向为果树优质高效栽培生理。E-mail：1605866138@qq.com. 责任作者：吴翠云(1968-)，女，博士，教授，硕士生导师，研究方向为园艺植物种质资源与遗传育种。E-mail:wcyby@163.com. 基金项目：国家科技支撑计划资助项目(2014BAC14B05)；兵团重大产学研合作科技专项计划资助项目（2013AA001-1）；少数民族聚居团场科技特派员科技帮扶三年行动专项资助项目（2013AA002）。