XU Lanjie,LIANG Huizhen,YU Yongliang,et al.Establishment of Comprehensive Evaluation of Chrysanthemum Germplasm and Selection of Elite Resource[J].Northern Horticulture,2022,(12):55-63.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20220276]
菊花种质综合评价体系构建及优异种质筛选
- Title:
- Establishment of Comprehensive Evaluation of Chrysanthemum Germplasm and Selection of Elite Resource
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 以70份菊花种质为试材，采用Shannon-Weaver信息多样性指数法、隶属函数值法、相关性分析、主成分分析、聚类分析对其19个农艺性状进行综合评价并筛选出优异种质，以期为菊花新品种选育提供亲本材料及参考依据。结果表明：70份菊花种质遗传多样性丰富，遗传多样性指数为1.28~2.20，多样性指数大于2.00的农艺性状分别是第一分枝高度、单株分枝数、舌状花轮数、舌状花数量、管状花直径和管状花瓣数，可作为菊花品种选育和遗传改良的评价指标。19个农艺性状的变异系数为23.23%~83.63%，其中单株花朵数变异系数最大，为83.63%；叶片长度的变异系数最小，为23.23%。花相关性状间大部分呈现出显著相关或极显著相关。主成分分析显示前7个主成分的方差贡献率分别为24.67%、15.43%、12.63%、7.20%、6.19%、5.75%、5.43%，累计方差贡献率达77.31%。聚类分析在欧式距离10.0处可以将70份菊花种质聚为四大类,第1类群属于管状花直径大、舌状花短、花序直径中等的小黄花;第2类群属于小叶型且管状花直径小、舌状花短的小白花;第3类群属于大叶型且管状花直径小、舌状花长的大黄花;第4类群属于植株高大、多花型且管状花直径大、舌状花短的白色或粉紫色的小花。根据综合得分，筛选出‘怀黄菊选系14号’“通许红杆小黄菊”“河南怀黄菊”和“金丝黄菊”等优异种质。
- Abstract:
- Taking 70 chrysanthemum germplasm as experimental materials，19 agronomic characters were comprehensive evaluation and screening of elite germplasm accessions by diversity index，subordinative function value，correlation analysis，principal component analysis，cluster analysis，which would provide some parental materials and reference for breeding of new chrysanthemum germplasm.The results showed that 19 phenotypic traits revealed a higher genetic diversity in this collection.The genetic diversity indexes were from 1.28 to 2.20，and more than 2.00 were respectively first branch height，branch number per plant，layer of ray floret，ray floret number，tubiform floret diameter，tubiform floret number,they could be considered as an evaluation index for breeding of new cultivars and genetic improvement.The variable coefficient was from 23.23%-83.63%，in which the variation coefficient of flower number per plant were the largest of 83.63%，and the variation coefficient of leaf length was the smallest of 23.23%.Flower related traits existed different degrees of correlation，most of which were significant or highly significant correlative.Principal component analysis showed the accumulative contribution rate of the first 7 principlal component were 24.67%，15.43%，12.63%，7.20%，6.19%，5.75%，5.43%，respectively;which represented 77.31% information of 19 phenotypic characters.Cluster analysis showed that the 70 medicinal chrysanthemum germplasm were divided into four groups when the genetic distance was 10.0.Group 1 represented bigger tubular flower diameter，shorter ligulate flower，medium inflorescences diameter and yellow flower.Group 2 represented low tubular flower diameter，shorter ligulate flower，small white flower.Group 3 represented low tubular flower diameter，longer ligulate flower，large leaves，large yellow flower.Group 4 represented bigger tubular flower diameter，shorter ligulate flower，bigger plant，many white or pinkish purple small flower.Selection of ‘Huai Chrysanthemum 14’‘Tongxu Honggan Low Yellow Chrysanthemum’‘Henan Huai Chrysanthemum’‘Jinsihuang Chrysanthemum’ were applied to breeding of new cultivars and genetic improvement for chrysanthemum.
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备注/Memo
第一作者简介：许兰杰（1982-），女，博士，助理研究员，现主要从事作物遗传育种等研究工作。E-mail：xulanjie18@126.com.责任作者：梁慧珍（1968-），女，博士，研究员，现主要从事作物遗传育种及品质改良等研究工作。E-mail：lhzh66666@163.com.基金项目：国家现代农业产业技术体系资助项目（CARS-21）；河南省农科院新兴学科发展专项资助项目(2020XK07，2021XK03)；河南省科技攻关资助项目(222102110379，222102110466)；河南省中央引导地方科技发展专项自由探索类资助项目（YDZX20214100001804）。收稿日期：2022-01-21