HUANG Xiong,ZHANG Jian-guang,ZHANG Yu-xing,et al.Evaluation on Nutritional Values of Five Grass Species and Effect on Soil Fertility After Mulching in Pear Orchards[J].Northern Horticulture,2013,37(17):188-192.
梨园五种鲜草营养价值评价及覆草后对土壤肥力的影响
- Title:
- Evaluation on Nutritional Values of Five Grass Species and Effect on Soil Fertility After Mulching in Pear Orchards
- 文章编号:
- 1001-0009（2013）17-0188-05
- Keywords:
- pear orchard; herbage; mulching; nutrition; soil fertility
- 分类号:
- S 661.2
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 以梨园行间种植的早熟禾、高羊茅、聚合草、紫花苜蓿、黑麦鲜草为试材，研究了5种鲜草生长特性、营养价值以及覆盖草后对土壤pH、营养元素含量的影响，以期为果园确定适宜的生草制度提供依据。结果表明：5种鲜草中以黑麦高度最高（145.00 cm）；早熟禾地面覆盖率最大（35.00%）；聚合草鲜重和干重最大，分别为7.48、0.82 kg/m2；黑麦有机碳含量最高为540.86 g/kg；高羊茅全氮含量最高为54.42 g/kg；紫花苜蓿全磷含量最高，为6.67 g/kg；聚合草全钾含量最高，为30.35 g/kg。以全年营养累积总量比较，有机碳、全氮、全磷、全钾皆以聚合草最高，分别为510.09、41.40、6.83、33.20 kg/667m2。土壤覆草后，所有处理pH均有所降低；覆盖聚合草的土壤有机质增加最多2.43 g/kg；覆盖紫花苜蓿的土壤全氮、全磷、速效磷和速效钾增加最多，分别为0.14、0.05、18.90、328.32 mg/kg；覆盖高羊茅的土壤全钾增加最多，为1.31 g/kg；覆盖黑麦土壤的碱解氮增加最多，为12.21 mg/kg。
- Abstract:
- The growth characteristics and nutritional value of five kinds of herbages (Poa annua L.,Festuca arundinacea Schreb.,Symphytum pezegrinum L.,Medicago sativa L.and Secale cereale)and changes of pH and nutrient element contents after mulching the ground were studied in pear orchards,in order to provide a basis of determining appropriate sod system.The results showed that the height of Secale cereal was the highest among five fresh herbages (145.00 cm);the ground coverage percentage of Poa annua L.was the largest (35.00%);the fresh and dry weights of Symphytum pezegrinum L.were the biggest(7.48 kg/m2 and 0.82 kg/m2,respectively);the highest content of organic carbon(540.86 g/kg) was found in Secale cereale,total nitrogen (54.42 g/kg) in Festuca arundinacea Schreb,total phosphorus (6.67 g/kg) in Medicago sativa L.and total potassium (30.35 g/kg) in Symphytum pezegrinum L..In comparison of total amount of annually accumulated nutrition,the content of organic carbon,total nitrogen,total phosphorus and total potassium of Symphytum pezegrinum L.were the highest (510.09,41.40,6.83,33.20 kg/667m2,respectively).After mulching the ground with herbages,the soil pH of all treatments decreased,the soil organic matter growth was the biggest with covering Symphytum pezegrinum L.(2.43 g/kg),the amount of total soil nitrogen,total phosphorus,available phosphorus and available potassium were the largest with covering Medicago sativa L.(0.14,0.05,18.90,328.32 mg/kg,respectively).The total soil potassium increment was the largest with covering Festuca arundinacea Schreb.(1.31 g/kg) and soil hydrolyzable nitrogen increment was the largest with covering Secale cereale(12.21 mg/kg).
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备注/Memo
第一作者简介：黄雄（1988-），男，硕士研究生，现主要从事果树栽培生理与调控技术等研究工作。E-mail：hxiong119@sina.com.
责任作者：张玉星（1961-），男，博士，教授，研究方向为果树栽培生理与调控技术。E-mail：jonsonzhyx@yahoo.com.cn.
基金项目：国家梨产业技术体系资助项目（CARS-29-13）。
收稿日期：2013-04-15