LIU Jiaqi,TAO Wenkai,ZOU Yiping,et al.Effects of Different Chemical Treatments on Shoot Growth and Plant Type of Ilex verticillata ‘Oosterwijk’[J].Northern Horticulture,2024,(17):67-75.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20240597]
不同药剂处理对‘奥斯特’北美冬青新梢生长和株型的影响
- Title:
- Effects of Different Chemical Treatments on Shoot Growth and Plant Type of Ilex verticillata ‘Oosterwijk’
- 文章编号:
- 1001-0009(2024)17-0067-09
- Keywords:
- Ilex verticillata; plant growth regulators; control pins; canopy shaping; physiological characteristics
- 分类号:
- S 688
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 以二年生北美冬青‘奥斯特’地栽苗为试材,将调环酸钙、甲哌鎓、亚磷酸钾这3种药剂进行不同浓度的混配,在苗木进入速生期后,采取对全株叶片表面进行喷施的方法,通过测定其苗高、地径、新梢长度、新梢基部粗度、叶片长宽等生长指标,净光合速率、蒸腾速率、气孔导度、胞间CO2浓度等光合作用指标,以及SPAD、MDA、可溶性糖含量和SOD、POD活性等生理指标,研究不同药剂处理对‘奥斯特’北美冬青新梢生长调控效果,以及对其株型的影响,以期探讨在北美冬青生长调控方面最科学有效的药剂处理方式,为生产中的实际应用提供参考依据。结果表明:1)各处理均能起到有效降低苗高、减少新梢长度和叶片长宽、增加地径和新梢粗度、提高叶片SPAD值的作用;2)各处理均能有效提高叶片净光合速率、蒸腾速率、气孔导度,降低胞间CO2浓度;3)T1、T4处理的‘奥斯特’在生长过程中叶部出现明显药害,T2、T3处理下株型调控效果较好;4)T2和T5处理下‘奥斯特’MDA含量最低,SOD和POD活性最高,T2和T3处理下可溶性糖含量升高,植株抗逆性最优;5)隶属函数法分析结果表明调控效果由大到小依次为T2>T5>T4>T1>T3>T6>CK。因此,以合理控制苗高、缩短新梢长度、植株生长势良好为目标,T2(5%调环酸钙1.3 g·L-1+98%甲哌鎓0.67 g·L-1)效果最佳,其次为T5处理(5%调环酸钙0.67 g·L-1+98%甲哌鎓0.3 g·L-1+亚磷酸钾500倍液)。
- Abstract:
- Taking 2-year-old Ilex verticillata ‘Oosterwijk’ seedlings as the test materials,three agents,namely calcium cyclamate,mepiquat chloride,and potassium phosphite were combined in different concentrations.The treatments were applied via foliar spray when seedlings entered their rapid growth phase.Growth indicators (seedling height,basal diameter,shoot length and thickness,leaf dimensions),photosynthetic parameters (net photosynthetic rate,transpiration rate,stomatal conductance,intercellular CO2 concentration),and physiological indices (SPAD value,MDA content,soluble sugar content,SOD and POD activities) were measured to evaluate treatment effects comprehensively.The results showed that,1) all treatments effectively reduced seedling height and leaf dimensions while increasing basal diameter,shoot thickness,and SPAD value.2) Leaf photosynthetic activity was enhanced across all treatments,as evidenced by increased net photosynthetic rate,transpiration rate,and stomatal conductance,coupled with reduced intercellular CO2 concentration.3) Treatments T1 and T4 induced significant phytotoxicity in leaf development,whereas T2 and T3 demonstrated superior canopy regulation.4) Plants under T2 and T5 treatments exhibited the lowest MDA content and highest SOD and POD activities.T2 and T3 treatments increased soluble sugar content,indicating enhanced stress resistance.5) Membership function analysis revealed treatment efficacy ranking from highest to lowest as follows,T2>T5>T4>T1>T3>T6>CK.In conclusion,for optimal control of seedling height,shoot length reduction,and promotion of vigorous plant growth,T2 treatment (5% calcium cyclamate 1.3 g·L-1+98% mepiquat chloride 0.67 g·L-1) proved most effective,followed by T5 treatment (5% calcium cyclamate 0.67 g·L-1+98% mepiquat chloride 0.3 g·L-1+potassium phosphite 500-fold solution).
参考文献/References:
[1]杨玉珍,陈刚,王国霞,等.北美冬青的园林特性及其应用[J].农学学报,2015,5(4):73-76.[2]桂晴,郝明灼,邹义萍,等.冬青属植物组培快繁研究进展[J].北方园艺,2022(24):115-122.[3]蔡建国,王丽英,涂海英,等.多效唑对盆栽北美冬青的矮化效应[J].福建林业科技,2014,41(3):36-39.[4]黄婧,周鹏,李飞,等.多效唑对北美冬青‘冬红’盆栽苗生长和光合特性的影响[J].江苏林业科技,2023,50(2):8-13.[5]郑婷,张克坤,张培安,等.葡萄营养生长与生殖生长间的转变研究进展[J].植物生理学报,2020,56(7):1361-1372.[6]邓建平.“控旺神药” 多效唑,滥用后果很严重[J].湖南农业,2022(11):15.[7]HUANG X,ZHENG D,FENG N,et al.Effects of prohexadione calcium spraying during the booting stage on panicle traits,yield,and related physiological characteristics of rice under salt stress[J].PeerJ,2023(11):e14673.[8]王通宇,方淑梅,王庆燕,等.叶面喷施不同化控复配剂对大豆产量与品质的影响[J].大豆科学,2023,42(1):70-76.[9]董见南,李雪茹,陈国峰,等.调环酸钙在马铃薯及植株中的残留和消解分析[J].中国马铃薯,2019,33(6):352-358.[10]孔松,马丽,徐珊,等.调环酸钙对棉花农艺性状及产量品质的调控效应[J].农业科技通讯,2023(7):124-127.[11]杨三奎.根系修剪和调环酸钙对桃树生长及果实品质的影响[D].泰安:山东农业大学,2023.[12]柳嘉程,刘永忠,凌永河,等.调环酸钙对赣南纽荷尔脐橙夏梢生长和果实品质的影响[J].中国南方果树,2022,51(3):12-15.[13]韩立新,李红光,刘俊灵,等.苹果树化学控旺促花生产技术的研究[J].北方园艺,2023(23):144-147.[14]KAMRAN M,AHMAD I,WANG H,et al.Mepiquat chloride application increases lodging resistance of maize by enhancing stem physical strength and lignin biosynthesis[J].Field Crops Research,2018,224:148-159.[15]雷菲,潘孝忠,吴宇佳,等.基施亚磷酸钾对‘琼辣3号’线椒养分吸收和土壤环境的影响[J].分子植物育种,2021,19(24):8279-8286.[16]路妍,李明,陈晓娟.盐碱胁迫对‘赤霞珠’葡萄幼苗生长及相关生理指标的影响[J].西北植物学报,2024,44(2):182-193.[17]马蕊,王海珍,袁林,等.设施环境下四个软枣猕猴桃品种光合特性[J].北方园艺,2024(2):38-46.[18]沈洪艳,焦晓会,武彤.头孢噻肟钠对斑马鱼SOD、MDA含量及DNA损伤的影响[J].环境科学学报,2015,35(8):2626-2632.[19]刘本帅,于立河,于崧,等.中性盐和碱性盐胁迫对芸豆可溶性糖及钾钠离子含量的影响[J].黑龙江八一农垦大学学报,2022,34(1):13-17,78.[20]高福元,张吉立,刘振平.冬季低温对4种彩叶植物SOD、POD活性影响的研究[J].中国农学通报,2010,26(5):169-173.[21]邓茳明,熊格生,袁小玲,等.棉花不同耐高温品系的SOD、POD、CAT活性和MDA含量差异及其对盛花期高温胁迫的响应[J].棉花学报,2010,22(3):242-247.[22]陶向新.模糊数学在农业科学中的初步应用[J].沈阳农学院学报,1982,13(2):96-107.[23]杨钰颖,苗水,季申.植物生长调节剂在中药中的应用及对其品质影响的研究进展[J].时珍国医国药,2023,34(3):668-674.[24]张义,刘云利,刘子森,等.植物生长调节剂的研究及应用进展[J].水生生物学报,2021,45(3):700-708.[25]张艺帆,姚飞飞,黄延璐,等.多效唑对两个菊花品种生长和发育的影响[J].北方园艺,2021(19):84-91.[26]ZHANG Y,GUO C,HU J,et al.Effects of 6-Benzylaminopurine combined with Prohexadione-Ca on yield and quality of Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat cv.hangbaiju[J].Agriculture,2023,13(2):444.[27]王文浩,王丹,宋贤鹏,等.植物生长调节剂复配对棉花生长及内源激素的影响[J].农药学学报,2023,25(5):1093-1103.[28]董志君,张建军,范永明,等.3种植物生长延缓剂对盆栽芍药的矮化效应[J].东北林业大学学报,2020,48(9):62-66.[29]孔繁荣,李海平,郭文忠,等.干旱低温复合胁迫下黄腐酸钾对西葫芦幼苗生长和生理生化特性的影响[J].山东农业科学,2024,56(1):74-80.[30]MUSACCHI S,SHEICK R,MIA M J,et al.Studies on physiological and productive effects of multi-leader training systems and Prohexadione-Ca applications on apple cultivar ‘WA 38’[J].Scientia Horticulturae,2023,312:111850.[31]杨江山,李斗,王春恒,等.调环酸钙对霞多丽葡萄生理特性及果实品质的影响[J].果树学报,2024,41(1):76-88.[32]肖才升,谢心,李锋,等.锰处理下棉花幼苗根部对镉胁迫的生理响应[J].华北农学报,2023,38(6):55-61.[33]李传广.三种植物生长调节剂对烤烟幼苗生长发育的影响[D].泰安:山东农业大学,2021.[34]李新伟,李婷,张镇梁,等.不同牡丹品种花粉的可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白含量和抗氧化酶活性分析[J].浙江林业科技,2023,43(4):57-62.[35]滕元旭,骆霞,张雪蒙,等.外源CO供体高铁血红素对盐胁迫下加工番茄苗期根系形态及生理特性的影响[J].西南农业学报,2023,36(9):1906-1914.[36]窦俊辉,喻树迅,范术丽,等.SOD与植物胁迫抗性[J].分子植物育种,2010,8(2):359-364.[37]李雪,吴杨婧雯,俞超,等.外源水杨酸对低温胁迫下火龙果幼苗的形态及生理效应[J].广西植物,2023,43(12):2309-2318.
相似文献/References:
[1]张建瑛,许传玲,沈海龙,等.不同产地花楸树愈伤组织诱导和体胚发生比较分析[J].北方园艺,2014,38(13):102.
ZHANG Jian-ying,XU Chuan-ling,SHEN Hai-long,et al.Comparative Analysis of Induction and Somatic Embryo genesis of Different Origin in Sorbus pohuashanesis Hedl.[J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(17):102.
[2]甘丽萍,吴应梅,朱华来.不同植物生长调节剂对红阳猕猴桃硬枝扦插促根的影响[J].北方园艺,2014,38(02):41.
GAN Li- ping,WU Ying- mei,ZHU Hua- la.Effects of Different Plant Regulators on the Rooting of Hardwood Cuttings of Actinidia chinensis cv.Hongyang[J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(17):41.
[3]孙骏威,朱诚,王飞娟,等.老鸦瓣离体培养再生小鳞茎的研究[J].北方园艺,2014,38(07):107.
SUN Jun-wei,ZHU Cheng,WANG Fei-juan,et al.Study on in vitro Culture of Bulblets Regeneration Derived From Bulb Scales of Tulipa edulis (Miq.) Bak.[J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(17):107.
[4]刘昆成,於艳萍,王凌晖,等.三种植物生长调节剂对格木幼苗根系生长的影响[J].北方园艺,2013,37(05):66.
LIU Kun-cheng,YU Yan-ping,WANG Ling-hui,et al.Effects of Three Plant Growth Regulators on the Root Growth of Erythrophleum fordii[J].Northern Horticulture,2013,37(17):66.
[5]郭泳,李天来,齐红岩,等.改良丰产剂2号对薄皮甜瓜坐果和果实发育的影响[J].北方园艺,2012,36(01):18.
GUO Yong,LI Tian-lai,QI Hong-yan,et al.The Influence of Improved No.2 High-yield Agent on Thin-peel Melon Fruit Setting and Development[J].Northern Horticulture,2012,36(17):18.
[6]陈爽,李金平,马会勤,等.不同植物生长调节剂对“金傲芬”无花果组培的影响[J].北方园艺,2013,37(03):109.
CHEN Shuang,LI Jin-ping,MA Hui-qin,et al.Effect of Different Plant Growth Regulators on Tissue Culture of Ficus carica L.‘Jin Ao-fen’[J].Northern Horticulture,2013,37(17):109.
[7]孙叶芳,郑琪,孙骏威,等.枳椇叶片再生体系的优化研究[J].北方园艺,2013,37(03):112.
SUN Ye-fang,ZHENG Qi,SUN Jun-wei,et al.Study on Optimum for Regeneration System of Leaves in Hovenia acerba[J].Northern Horticulture,2013,37(17):112.
[8]秦成萌,林多.不同植物生长调节剂抑制反季节萝卜抽薹效应的研究[J].北方园艺,2012,36(02):23.
QIN Cheng-meng,LIN Duo.Study on Depression Effects of Anti-season Radish Cultivation with Different Plant Growth Regulators Treatments[J].Northern Horticulture,2012,36(17):23.
[9]孟 倩,孔祥生,张改娜.不同植物生长调节剂对丹参组培快繁的影响[J].北方园艺,2013,37(09):102.
MENG Qian,KONG Xiang-sheng,ZHANG Gai-na.Effect of Different Growth Regulators on Tissue Culture and Rapid Propagation of Salvia miltiorrhiza [J].Northern Horticulture,2013,37(17):102.
[10]马济民.不同植物生长调节剂对枇杷果实生长的影响[J].北方园艺,2012,36(03):22.
MA Ji-min.Effect of Different Plant Growth Regulators on Fruit Growth of Loquat[J].Northern Horticulture,2012,36(17):22.
备注/Memo
第一作者简介:刘佳琪(1999-),女,硕士研究生,研究方向为森林培育。E-mail:jiaqi13@qq.com.责任作者:郝明灼(1973-),男,博士,副教授,现主要从事森林培育、园林植物与观赏园艺,冬青属种质资源等研究工作。E-mail:hmz@njfu.edu.cn.基金项目:江苏省现代农业重点研发计划资助项目(BE2021307)。收稿日期:2024-02-04