LIU Yi,ZUO Lixiang,WANG Yiliao,et al.Effects of Selenium,Boron and Zinc Micronutrient Fertilizers on Fruit Setting and Fruit Quality of Winter Jujube in Facility Cultivation[J].Northern Horticulture,2023,(07):52-60.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20223472]
硒、硼、锌微肥对设施冬枣坐果及果实品质的影响
- Title:
- Effects of Selenium,Boron and Zinc Micronutrient Fertilizers on Fruit Setting and Fruit Quality of Winter Jujube in Facility Cultivation
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 以8年树龄的“沾冬2号”冬枣为试材，采用花期叶面喷施硒、硼、锌微肥的方法，以喷施清水作为对照，研究了7种不同微肥处理对冬枣开花坐果以及果实矿质元素积累、内在品质、采后贮藏性等方面的影响，以期为硒、硼、锌微肥在冬枣生产中科学应用提供参考依据。结果表明：施用微肥能提高枣树坐果率，改善果实品质，延缓采后枣果衰老，处理效果明显整体优于对照；与对照相比，T7处理（50 mg?L-1亚硒酸钠+85 mg?L-1多聚硼+70 mg?L-1微力多锌）下坐果率和单株产量分别提高了0.33%和12.48%；T7果实样本中8种矿质营养元素（Se、B、Zn、N、P、K、Ca、Mg）含量均显著高于对照；可溶性糖含量和糖酸比明显提高，且维生素C和游离氨基酸含量分别达到对照样本的1.30倍和2.20倍；此外，T7样本在贮藏7 d后，果实失水率、丙二醛含量、多聚半乳糖醛酸酶活性均显著低于对照，而果实硬度和抗氧化酶（过氧化物歧化酶、过氧物酶）活性均显著增强。综上，T7处理在该试验中综合效果最佳，建议在晋南冬枣设施栽培中进行推广应用。
- Abstract:
- Eight-year-old winter jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.cv.‘Zhandong 2’) was used as test material.Winter jujube trees received foliar spray of selenium,boron,and zinc micronutrient fertilizers in the flowering stage,with water used as the control.The effects of flowering and fruit setting of jujube trees,the mineral element accumulation,intrinsic quality attributes,and postharvest storability of jujube fruit on seven different fertilization treatments were studied (T1-T7),in order to provide reference for rational application of micronutrient fertilizers in winter jujube production.The results showed that the application of micronutrient fertilizers distinctly increased fruit setting rate,improved fruit quality attributes,and delayed postharvest fruit senescence of jujube,achieving overall superior results.Compared with the control,the fruit setting rate and plant yield under treatment T7 (50 mg?L-1 Na2SeO3+85 mg?L-1 polyborate+70 mg?L-1 IDHA-Zn) were increased by 0.33% and 12.48%,respectively.The contents of eight mineral nutrients (Se,B,Zn,N,P,K,Ca,and Mg) in T7 fruit sample were also prominently higher than those of the control.Additionally,the soluble sugar content and sugar/acid ratio were remarkably increased in T7 fruit sample,while the vitamin C and free amino acid contents reached 1.30 times and 2.20 times those of the control,respectively.After 7 days storage,the water loss rate,malondialdehyde content,and polygalacturonase activity of T7 fruit sample were considerably lower than those of the control,accompanied by enhanced fruit firmness and antioxidant enzyme activity (superoxide dismutase and peroxidase).Given its best comprehensive effect under the experimental conditions,the T7 treatment was recommended for promotion and application in facility cultivation of winter jujube in southern Shanxi Province.
参考文献/References:
[1]任晓琴,孟洁,陈渊舜,等.不同灌水量对静海冬枣果实品质的影响[J].北方园艺,2021(9):32-38.[2]陈俊法.沾化冬枣的丰产管理技术[J].河北农业,2016(3):51-52.[3]赵西梅,宋爱云,刘京涛,等.不同处理下沾化冬枣芽中四种微量元素含量分析[J].滨州学院学报,2017,33(4):65-67.[4]李荣会,王中秋,汪东东,等.叶面喷施中微肥对胡柚果实产量及品质的影响[J].浙江农业科学,2022,63(2):308-309.[5]宋会明,贺敬芝,梁军,等.叶面喷施纳米硒肥对金丝小枣产量和品质的影响[J].中国土壤与肥料,2021(4):203-207.[6]柴冠群,刘桂华,罗沐欣键,等.硒肥与钝化材料组配对土壤Cd钝化及稻米Cd消减效果[J].中国农学通报,2021,37(32):102-107.[7]张景全,周同永.叶面喷施硼肥对蓝莓产量及品质的影响[J].云南农业大学学报(自然科学),2021,36(3):553-557.[8]杨俊,伏晓科,周建华,等.树冠喷施硼肥和钙肥对“黄金蜜柚”果实品质的影响[J].中国南方果树,2018,47(5):5-8.[9]徐炜南,张鑫,张静,等.硼对“金棚1号”番茄果实挥发性成分的影响[J].食品科学,2016,37(16):149-155.[10]岳焕芳,程明,安顺伟,等.不同锌肥施用方式对番茄果实的影响[J].北方园艺,2016(22):47-49.[11]殷朝珍,陈凌,仇美华,等.叶面喷施有机硒肥对毛豆生长和硒含量的影响[J].安徽农业科学,2022,50(5):140-142.[12]王清华,井大炜,杜振宇,等.叶面喷硒对沾化冬枣富硒及品质的影响[J].经济林研究,2019,37(2):23-28.[13]闫威姣,吴翠云,郭丽,等.不同外源激素+微肥混合处理对骏枣开花坐果及果实品质的影响[J].安徽农业科学,2020,48(21):49-52.[14]张潇丹.薄壳山核桃矿质养分及果实性状研究[D].重庆:西南大学,2021.[15]高俊凤.植物生理学实验指导[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2006.[16]薛晓芳,弓桂花,赵爱玲,等.枣和酸枣不同器官黄酮含量比较及抗氧化能力分析[J].中国果树,2020(1):59-63.[17]贺宇龙.不同采后处理对冬枣贮藏品质及红变现象的影响[D].天津:天津大学,2019.[18]景淑怡.茉莉酸对梨黑星菌侵染的响应及作用研究[D].太谷:山西农业大学,2020.[19]彭威,张友民.叶面喷施硼?钼及稀土微肥对五味子成花及产量的影响[J].安徽农业科学,2010,38(17):8955-8956,8977.[20]樊卫国,叶双全.花期喷硼对刺梨果实产量及品质的影响[J].中国南方果树,2016,45(4):111-113.[21]李球红,费元,庞基良.植物开花整合子基因FT的研究进展[J].北方园艺,2014(18):210-213.[22]闫宗运.拟南芥中含有CCCH锌指域和KH域的蛋白调控成花与衰老的机理[D].北京:中国农业大学,2018.[23]张凯岳.锌对水稻碳酸酐酶和光合作用的调节作用研究[D].武汉:华中农业大学,2015.[24]赵勇钢.外源硒补给与水肥联合调控对红枣品质及产量的影响[D].北京:中国科学院研究生院,2011.[25]魏艳秋,景艺卓,郭笑恒,等.外源硒对植物抗盐性的影响研究进展[J].作物杂志,2021(2):15-21.[26]付伟.锌肥对‘阳光玫瑰’葡萄叶片光合特性和果实品质的影响研究[D].雅安:四川农业大学,2019.[27]吴争光,吴光星,刘艺凝,等.施用硼锌钼肥对蓝莓果实品质及矿质元素含量的影响[J].华中农业大学学报(自然科学版),2022,41(2):48-53.[28]秦玉燕,陈永森,吴凤,等.外源硒对芒果硒含量及果实营养品质的影响[J].中国土壤与肥料,2020(5):213-219.[29]韩志强,袁德义,陈文涛,等.硼锌微肥施用下枣果实综合品质的评价[J].南京林业大学学报(自然科学版),2015,39(2):40-46.[30]田春丽.硒与锌对紫花苜蓿生长及品质的调控作用及其机理[D].郑州:河南农业大学,2014.[31]牛佳佳,张四普,郭超峰,等.采前硼处理对酥梨品质和贮藏性的影响[J].河南农业科学,2019,48(12):146-151.[32]郭艳,于继洲,刘和,等.硼和硒处理对油桃果实贮藏品质的影响[J].北方园艺,2014(16):131-133.
相似文献/References:
[1]胡 波,李国元,谢志兵,等.不同浓度1-甲基环丙烯处理对鄂北冬枣常温贮藏生理指标及品质的影响[J].北方园艺,2014,38(01):130.
HU Bo,LI Guo-yuan,XIE Zhi-bing,et al.Effects of Different Concentration of 1-MCP Treatment on Physiology Index and Quality of Winter Jujube in Northern Hubei[J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(07):130.
[2]蒋 卉,朱丽霞,郭东起.冬枣采后黑腐病病原菌分离鉴定及控制研究[J].北方园艺,2014,38(09):133.
JIANG Hui,ZHU Li-xia,GUO Dong-qi.Study on the Isolation,Identification and Control of Black Mould Pathogen of Winter Jujube After Postharvest[J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(07):133.
[3]李家政,杨卫东,毕大鹏.二氧化碳高渗透性膜包装对冬枣贮藏品质的影响[J].北方园艺,2012,36(04):146.
LI Jia-zheng,YANG Wei-dong,BI Da-peng.Effects of Packaging with Film of High Carbon Dioxide Permeability on Storage Properties of Jujube Fruit[J].Northern Horticulture,2012,36(07):146.
[4]付坦,鲁晓翔,李江阔.冬枣冰点及其冰点调节剂的筛选[J].北方园艺,2012,36(16):155.
FU Tan,LU Xiao-xiang,LI Jiang-kuo.The Freezing Point Temperature of ‘Dongzao’ Jujube and the Selection of Freezing Point Regulator[J].Northern Horticulture,2012,36(07):155.
[5]李宁,关文强,阎瑞香.短紫外线处理对冬枣果实腐烂和品质的影响[J].北方园艺,2012,36(17):163.
LI Ning,GUAN Wen-qiang,YAN Rui-xiang.Effect of UV-C on Postharvest Decay and Quality of Dong Jujube[J].Northern Horticulture,2012,36(07):163.
[6]李梦钗,冯薇,葛艳蕊,等.臭氧处理对冬枣果实多酚氧化酶和过氧化物酶活性的影响[J].北方园艺,2012,36(17):171.
LI Meng-chai,FENG Wei,GE Yan-rui,et al.Effect of Ozone Treatment on Activity of PPO and POD of Dong Jujube[J].Northern Horticulture,2012,36(07):171.
[7]贾晓梅,陈梅香,刘小娟.环剥对冬枣叶片内有机营养物质含量的影响[J].北方园艺,2012,36(08):36.
JIA Xiao-mei,CHEN Mei-xiang,LIU Xiao-juan.Effect of Girdling on the Organic Nutrition of Leaves of Ziziphus jujuba cv.‘Dongzao’[J].Northern Horticulture,2012,36(07):36.
[8]张红梅,张桂然,霍玉琴,等.不同包装方式对冬枣储藏品质的影响[J].北方园艺,2013,37(16):159.
ZHANGHong-mei,ZHANGGui-ran,HUOYu-qin,et al.EffectsofDifferentPackagingMethodsontheStorageQualityofWinterJujube[J].Northern Horticulture,2013,37(07):159.
[9]刘会珍,王永霞,刘桂英.常温下壳聚糖处理对冬枣采后生理及保鲜效果的影响[J].北方园艺,2013,37(16):169.
LIUHui-zhen,WANGYong-xia,LIUGui-ying.EffectsofChitosanonPostharvestPhysiologyandFresh-keepingof WinterJujubeatRoomTemperature[J].Northern Horticulture,2013,37(07):169.
[10]史淑一,侯时季,杨守军,等.防护网对冬枣生长和果实品质的影响[J].北方园艺,2012,36(12):39.
SHIShu-yi,HOUShi-ji,YANGShou-jun,et al.EffectsofInsect-proofNetontheGrowthandFruitQualitytoChineseJujubeTree[J].Northern Horticulture,2012,36(07):39.
备注/Memo
第一作者简介：刘毅（1987-），男，博士，助理研究员，现主要从事果树栽培与病理等研究工作。E-mail：ying236223@163.com.责任作者：秦国杰（1978-），男，硕士，副研究员，现主要从事果树栽培与品质调控等研究工作。E-mail：guojie_qin@163.com.基金项目：山西省科技成果转化引导专项资助项目（201904D131032）；山西省优秀博士来晋工作奖励资金科研资助项目（SXYBKY2020017）；山西农业大学博士科研启动资助项目（2021BQ52）。收稿日期：2022-08-24