GAO Guan,ZOU Yujia,YANG Zaiqiang,et al.Effect of Low Temperature and Low Irradiation Stress on Senescence of Greenhouse Tomato During Flowering Period[J].Northern Horticulture,2016,40(05):49-55.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201605014]
低温寡照胁迫对设施番茄花期叶片衰老特性的影响
- Title:
- Effect of Low Temperature and Low Irradiation Stress on Senescence of Greenhouse Tomato During Flowering Period
- Keywords:
- low temperature and low irradiation; Lycopersicon eseulentum; senescence; principal component analysis
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 为了研究低温寡照复合灾害对设施番茄叶片衰老特性的影响，以‘金粉5号’番茄为试材，于2015年2—5月在南京信息工程大学利用人工气候室设置了低温（昼/夜温度分别为18/8℃、16/6℃、14/4℃、12/2℃）和寡照（PAR分别为400、200 μmol?m-2?s-1）双因素交互试验，系统测定低温寡照处理下设施番茄叶片细胞色素、电导率以及抗氧化酶活性，并利用主成分分析计算各处理的综合得分。结果表明：短时间内不同低温寡照组合下低温寡照处理叶绿素含量有所波动，随着低温寡照胁迫时间的延长，番茄叶片叶绿素a、叶绿素b含量均有下降，叶绿素a/b也有不同程度的下降，其中昼夜温度为12/2℃，光合有效辐射为200 μmol?m-2?s-1处理10 d的叶绿素a、叶绿素b含量最小，分别比CK减少3631%、3611%；低温寡照处理下，叶片组织的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性、丙二醛(MDA)含量以及相对电导率均有不同程度升高，昼夜温度为12/2℃，光合有效辐射为200 μmol?m-2?s-1的处理的各指标始终处于较高水平，处理10 d时较CK分别升高了209、382、370、249、175倍。通过各低温寡照处理的叶绿素总量、保护酶活性以及相对电导率指标计算出各处理的综合得分得出各处理对番茄影响的严重程度排名，在同一寡照水平上，温度越低，番茄植株受的伤害越大；同一低温水平上，光合有效辐射越低，番茄植株受的伤害程度越大；低温对番茄的胁迫要大于寡照对番茄的胁迫。该研究可为番茄抵御低温寡照复合灾害提供科学的理论依据。
- Abstract:
- Taking ‘Jinfen 5’ as experiment material，the artificial environment control of low temperature and low irradiation was conducted in Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology from February to May in 2015.The daily/night temperature was treated as four levels,18/8℃，16/6℃，14/4℃ and 12/2℃，photosynthetically active radiation(PAR) was set two levels,400 μmol?m-2?s-1 and 200 μmol?m-2?s-1，and took daily/night temperature 28/18℃ and PAR 1 000 μmol?m-2?s-1 as CK，chlorophyll a content，chlorophyll b content,chlorophyll a/b，SOD，POD，CAT activities，MDA content and relative conductivity were studied，to judge the effects of low temperature and low irradiation stress to the senescence of greenhouse tomato leaves.The results showed that with treat time extension，Chl a content，Chl b content and Chl a/b of tomato leaves were declined.The experiment lasted for 10 days at the case of daily/night temperature was 12/2℃，PAR was 200 μmol?m-2?s-1，Chl a content and Chl b content was the least，which decreased 3631%，3611% respectively compared with the CK；moreover SOD，POD，CAT activities，MDA content and relative conductivity of tomato leaves was increased in varying extents with treat time extension.And the experiment lasted for 10 days at the case of daily/night temperature was 12/2℃，PAR was 200 μmol?m-2?s-1，every index of tomato leaves always were in higher level than other treatments，they increased 209，382，370，249 and 175 times respectively compared with the CK.By calculating index of each treatment with principal component analysis and ranking the severity that damaged the tomato，it showed that when at the same low irradiation level，the lower the temperature，or at the same low temperature level，the lower the PAR，the greater damage degree of tomato photosystem were caused.The study could provide scientific theory basis for defense of low temperature and low irradiation disaster in facility tomato.
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备注/Memo
第一作者简介：高冠（1992-），男，硕士研究生，研究方向为设施农业气象灾害预警。E-mail：nuist2010@qq.com.责任作者：杨再强（1967-），男，四川安岳人，博士，教授，博士生导师，现主要从事设施环境调控等研究工作。E-mail：yzq6751@163.com.基金项目：国家自然科学基金面上资助项目（41475107）；国家“十二五”科技支撑计划资助项目（2014BAD10B07）。