JI Xian,ZHANG Ping,ZHU Zhiqiang,et al.Effect of Different Temperatures on Grape Postharvest Botrytis cinerea[J].Northern Horticulture,2015,39(19):114-117.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201519028]
不同温度对葡萄采后灰霉病菌的影响
- Title:
- Effect of Different Temperatures on Grape Postharvest Botrytis cinerea
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 以葡萄采后灰霉病菌为试材，采用菌丝生长速率法、悬滴法以及活体接种方法，研究了不同温度对葡萄灰霉病菌的菌丝生长率和孢子萌发率的影响，并对不同温度下不同方式接种灰霉病菌的发病情况进行调查。结果表明：葡萄采后灰霉病菌菌丝的生长受温度条件影响较大，菌丝生长量和孢子萌发率与温度、时间呈正相关。（25±1）℃适宜菌丝的生长，孢子萌发率随时间增加而增加，4 h后孢子萌发率迅速增高；（10±1）℃菌丝生长较慢，孢子萌发率缓慢增长，6 h萌发率仅为9.05%；（0±1）℃菌丝生长极慢，孢子萌发率也最低，6 h孢子萌发率仅为3.48%。菌丝生长率和2 h以后的孢子萌发率在各温度条件下的均为差异极显著（P＜0.01）。在有伤、无伤、不接种3种接种方式条件下，有伤接种方式下灰霉病菌极易（P＜0.01）造成对葡萄的损害，病情发展快，并随温度升高病斑直径也随之增大；无伤和不接种较有伤接种病情发展较慢，它们的发病率遵循相同规律，无伤接种较不接种的发病率高，二者间差异极显著（P＜0.01）。
- Abstract:
- Taking grape postharvest Botrytis cinerea as material,mycelium growth rate method,hanging drop method and in vivo inoculation method were used,the effect of different temperatures on the mycelial growth and conidial germination of Botrytis cinerea were studied,and incidence of different inoculation methods under different temperatures were also investigated. The results showed that temperature condition had larger influences on the hyphal growth of Botrytis cinerea.The amount of mycelial growth and spore germination rate was positively related to temperature and time.（25±1）℃ was suitable for the growth of mycelia,spore germination rate increased with time. Spore germination rate increased rapidly after 4 h. The mycelial grew slowly on （10±1）℃,spore germination rate grew slowly.The germination rate was only 9.05% after 6 h. Mycelia grew very slowly on （0±1）℃,spore germination rate was the lowest,spore germination rate of 6 h was only 3.48%. The mycelial growth rate and spore germination rate after 2 h in different temperature conditions had extremely significant differences（P＜0.01）. In the condition of injury,no wound and no inoculation of three inoculation methods,the wound inoculation mode was the easiest way to cause Botrytis cinerea and damage grape（P＜0.01）. The progression of the disease developed quickly,and lesion diameter increased with the increase of temperature. The disease progression of no injuries and no vaccination developed slower than injuries. Their incidence followed the same rules. The incidence of no wound inoculation was higher than that of no inoculation,they had very significantly difference（P＜0.01）.
参考文献/References:
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备注/Memo
第一作者简介：集贤(1983-)，女，硕士，助理研究员，研究方向为农产品贮藏与加工。E-mail：jisandy001@126.com.责任作者：张平（1958-），男，博士，研究员，现主要从事果蔬采后生理与物流保鲜等研究工作。基金项目：国家葡萄产业技术体系建设资助项目（CARS-30)；陕西省科技统筹创新工程计划课题资助项目（2013KTDZ02-01-05）；天津市农业科学院院长基金资助项目（15006）。