HOU Zhengfang,HOU Haipeng,XING Shuo,et al.Responses of Muskmelon and Rhizospheric Soil to Substitution of Chemical Fertilizer With Microbial Fermentation Solution[J].Northern Horticulture,2023,(19):50-56.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20230401]
设施甜瓜与根际土壤对生物菌液替代化肥的响应
- Title:
- Responses of Muskmelon and Rhizospheric Soil to Substitution of Chemical Fertilizer With Microbial Fermentation Solution
- 文章编号:
- 1001-0009(2023)19-0050-07
- Keywords:
- microbial fermentation solution; muskmelon; nutrient content in soil; rhizosphere soil microflora
- 分类号:
- S 652;S 627
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 以3个厚皮甜瓜品种为试材,采用传统追施水溶性化肥(T1)和追施生物菌液(T2)2种施肥方法,研究高肥力土壤(速效养分超标)用生物菌液完全替代化肥对根际土壤生态和甜瓜生长、产量、品质的影响,以期为设施果蔬化肥减量提供参考依据。结果表明:270 L·hm-2生物菌液(T2)替代180 kg·hm-2化肥(T1),T2与T1相比,氮、钾投入量分别减少73.7%、97.8%,磷增加31.4%,根际土壤养分含量无显著差异。在微生物多样性上,细菌菌群T2>T1,但差异不显著,真菌菌群T1显著大于T2。在微生物组成上,T2有46种属水平的细菌菌群含量大于T1,后者有185个属水平的真菌菌群大于前者。2种施肥处理甜瓜产量和可溶性固形物含量均无显著差异。因此,在高肥力设施土壤可用生物菌液替代化肥实现氮、钾化肥减量增效。
- Abstract:
- Three varieties muskmelon were used as experimental materials,and fertilization treatments,included 180 kg·hm-2 chemical fertilizer (T1) and 270 L·hm-2 microbial fermentation solution (T2),were chosen in greenhouse with fertile soil to study effects on rhizosphere soil nutrient content,microflora,and quality and yield,in order to provide reference for reducing the amount of chemical fertilizer in fruits and vegetables.The results showed that there was no significant difference in nutrient content of rhizosphere soil between T1 and T2,when application in N,K was reduced by 73.7%,97.8% and P increased by 31.4% in T2 compared with T1.The diversity of T2 bacterial flora was greater than that of T1 without no significant difference,but the diversity of T1 fungal flora was significantly higher than that of T2.At the genus level,T2 had 46 bacterial flora greater in relative content than T1,and the latter had 185 fungal flora greater than the former.Furthermore,yield and soluble solids content did not reach significant differences between treatments.In conclusion,reduction of nitrogen and potassium application can be achieved by replacing chemical fertilizers with microbial fermentation solution in high fertility soil in greenhouse.
参考文献/References:
[1]黄绍文,唐继伟,李春花,等.我国蔬菜化肥减施潜力与科学施用对策[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2017,23(6):1480-1493.[2]周哲哲,张磊,王甲辰,等.种植年限对京郊温室土壤生态环境的影响[J].土壤通报,2021,52(1):177-184.[3]黄楠,刘继培,哈雪姣,等.浅谈京郊设施土壤改良对策与建议[J].农业与技术,2022,42(12):104-106.[4]高伟,朱静华,高宝岩,等.天津市设施蔬菜不同种植年限土壤及地下水养分特征[J].华北农学报,2010,25(2):206-211.[5]李峰,梁海恬,赵琳娜,等.冀东典型地区设施土壤性质及养分特征研究[J].湖北农业科学,2022,61(3):82-88.[6]王丽英,赵小翠,曲明山,等.京郊设施果类蔬菜土肥水管理现状及技术需求[J].华北农学报,2012,27(S1):298-303.[7]闫秋艳,董飞,段增强,等.土壤温度对不同施肥方式下辣椒生长及土壤理化性质的影响[J].华北农学报,2018,33(2):195-201.[8]肖建军.设施菜地土壤改良技术[J].现代园艺,2020(12):23-24.[9]于泓,卢维宏,张乃明.我国设施栽培土壤退化特征及修复技术研究进展[J].蔬菜,2021(11):35-42.[10]GAO C H,CHANG B,LI J H,et al.Effects of microbial inoculums on soil enzyme activity and microbial diversity in a reclaimed mining area[J].Meteorological and Environmental Research,2014,5(6):23-27.[11]LI X L,SHEN J P,YANG Z W,et al.Control effect of different micro agents on tobacco bacterial wilt[J].Plant Diseases and Pests,2017,8(3):35-38.[12]桑卫民,刘杨,傅留义.土壤修复菌剂在设施番茄上的应用效果[J].中国土壤与肥料,2021(4):267-272.[13]杨猛,姚静,王瑞良.EM菌堆肥对大棚黄瓜生长发育产量和品质的影响[J].中国蔬菜,2011(8):60-64.[14]华明艳,宋兰芳,崔少杰,等.蔡十八菌与复合肥配施对草莓生长和品质的影响[J].河北农业大学,2019,42(2):81-84.[15]杨小玲,仝雅娜,华明艳,等.基于高肥力设施土壤蔡-18菌液替代化肥对黄瓜生长与土壤生态影响[J].华北农学报,2020,35(4):153-160.[16]南京农业大学.土壤农化分析[M].北京:中国农业版社,1994.[17]BRUSSAARDL,DERUITER P C,BROWN G G.Soil biodiversity for agricultural sustain ability[J].Agriculture,Ecosystems and Environment,2007,121(3):233-244.[18]袁红朝,秦红灵,刘守龙,等.长期施肥对红壤性水稻土细菌群落结构和数量的影响[J].中国农业科学,2011,44(22):4610-4617.[19]杨亚东,王志敏,曾昭海.长期施肥和灌溉对土壤细菌数量、多样性和群落结构的影响[J].中国农业科学,2018,51(2):290-301.[20]夏秀波,李涛,姚建刚,等.液态有机肥部分替代化肥对设施番茄根区真菌菌群的影响[J].北方园艺,2021(12):79-87.[21]陈娟,赵青春,朱文,等.京郊温室黄瓜滴灌优化施肥技术应用研究[J].北方园艺,2021(16):67-73.[22]肖国胜,张英超,贾良良,等.温室黄瓜叶片养分含量与土壤养分状况分析[J].河北农业科学,2009,13(10):43-45.[23]赫新洲,吕业成,万云巧,等.菜园土壤速效钾丰缺指标及合理施钾肥量研究[J].华南农业大学学报,2011,32(4):14-17.
相似文献/References:
[1]王晓静,马文平,王芳.甜瓜采后致病菌交链菌的防治方法研究[J].北方园艺,2014,38(04):103.
WANG Xiao-jing,MA Wen-ping,WANG Fang.Study on Prevention Method of Alternariasp. After Melon Postharvest[J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(19):103.
[2]宁雪飞,韩小路,王贤磊,等.一种快速筛选转抗霜霉病基因甜瓜种子的方法研究[J].北方园艺,2014,38(01):102.
NING Xue-fei,HAN Xiao-lu,WANG Xian-lei,et al.The Screening of Transgenic Plants Resistant to Downy Mildew Disease in Melon[J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(19):102.
[3]王晓梅,刘国宁,程丽,等.部分黄瓜和甜瓜品种对霜霉病的抗性及其组分研究[J].北方园艺,2014,38(04):106.
WANG Xiao-mei,LIU Guo-ning,CHENG Li,et al.Study on Resistance to Downy Mildew of Some Cucumber and Melon Varieties and Its Component[J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(19):106.
[4]张君艳,罗爱玉,张君君.河西地区杂交甜瓜大田制种生产技术[J].北方园艺,2013,37(14):62.
[J].Northern Horticulture,2013,37(19):62.
[5]苏艳,王盼乔,胡建斌.十五份甜瓜种质苗期性状的聚类分析及相关分析[J].北方园艺,2014,38(07):5.
SU Yan,WANG Pan-qiao,HU Jian-bin.Clustering and Correlation Analysis of 15 Cucumis melo L.Germplasms Based on the Phenotypic Traits of the Seedling Period[J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(19):5.
[6]赵九洲,胡立盼,徐志然,等.甜瓜幼苗耐盐碱性及缓解盐碱胁迫γ-氨基丁酸浓度的筛选[J].北方园艺,2014,38(09):1.
ZHAO Jiu-zhou,HU Li-pan,XU Zhi-ran,et al.The Screening of Melon(Cucumis melo L.)Seedling Cultivars for Salt-alkaline Tolerance and the Concentration of γ-aminobutyric Acid Alleviating Salt-alkaline Stress[J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(19):1.
[7]王喜涛,周秀艳,辛 明,等.盐胁迫对甜瓜种子发芽的影响[J].北方园艺,2014,38(09):7.
WANG Xi-tao,ZHOU Xiu-yan,XIN Ming,et al.Effect of NaCl Stress on Seed Germination of Melon[J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(19):7.
[8]宋 羽,卢青成,王 浩.适合新疆戈壁地区甜瓜穴盘育苗的基质相对含水量的探究[J].北方园艺,2014,38(09):53.
SONG Yu,LU Qing-cheng,WANG Hao.Research on Suitable Substrate Water Content for Melon Plug-seedling in Gobi District of Xinjiang[J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(19):53.
[9]苏丽影,宋述尧,赵春波,等.玉米秸秆混合基质对甜瓜穴盘苗生长的影响[J].北方园艺,2013,37(12):28.
SU Li-ying,SONG Shu-yao,ZHAO Chun-bo,et al.Effect of Mixed Substrates of Corn Stalk on Plug Seeding of Muskmelon[J].Northern Horticulture,2013,37(19):28.
[10]王爱玲,张敏,廖新福,等.甜瓜“黄醉仙”下胚轴再生体系的初步建立[J].北方园艺,2013,37(12):100.
WANG Ai-ling,ZHANG Min,LIAO Xin-fu,et al.Preliminary Establishment of Melon cv.‘Huangzuixian’ Regeneration System[J].Northern Horticulture,2013,37(19):100.
备注/Memo
第一作者简介:侯正仿(1968-),女,本科,推广研究员,现主要从事植物营养与施肥技术等研究工作。E-mail:houzhengfangtj@126.com.责任作者:杨小玲(1968-),女,博士,研究员,现主要从事设施蔬菜栽培生理与调控技术等研究工作。E-mail:1162925092@qq.com.基金项目:天津市2023年化肥减量增效资助项目;天津市现代农业蔬菜技术产业体系创新团队资助项目(ITTVRS2021010)。收稿日期:2023-02-12