WANG Bijun,YANG Huaice,JIAO Yang,et al.Softening Related Enzymes Activity Analysis of Hawthorn Fruit With Different Softening Progress[J].Northern Horticulture,2023,(09):23-28.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20223529]
不同软化速率山楂果实软化相关酶活性分析
- Title:
- Softening Related Enzymes Activity Analysis of Hawthorn Fruit With Different Softening Progress
- Keywords:
- hawthorn; storage; softening; cell wall degradation; cell membrane degradation
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 以采收期果实硬度迅速下降的‘软肉3号’和仍保持较高硬度的‘秋金星’山楂果实为试材，通过对发育期果实软化相关酶的活性分析，研究了‘软肉3号’果实的软化特点，以期为山楂果实的软化机理研究提供参考依据。结果表明：‘软肉3号’果实在盛花后100 d迅速变软，而‘秋金星’果实的硬度在盛花后120 d缓慢下降，且显著高于‘软肉3号’；多聚半乳糖醛酸酶（PG）在‘软肉3号’中先呈现较低的活性，后伴随果实硬度的快速下降而大幅上升，而其在‘秋金星’中保持较高活性；果胶甲酯酶（PME）在‘软肉3号’中的活性较稳定且均高于‘秋金星’；纤维素酶（Cx）活性在2个品种中均先下降后上升，伴随果实的成熟活性显著升高；β-半乳糖苷酶（β-Gal）在‘软肉3号’的活性较低，在‘秋金星’果实的活性较高，且随果实的成熟急剧上升；脂氧合酶（LOX）均在盛花后60 d出现活性高峰，且伴随果实的成熟出现小幅度上升。综上所述，‘软肉3号’山楂果实质地的改变可能受PG、PME和Cx等多种酶的共同影响和调控。
- Abstract:
- A special hawthorn germplasm named ‘Ruanrou 3#’ was used as experimental material as its rapid and remarkable softening characteristic and hawthorn ‘Qiujinxing’ was used as control.The softening related enzyme activities during fruit development were analyzed.The physiological mechanism in hawthorn fruit softening was studied,in order to provide refernce for the softening mechanism of the hawthorn fruit.The results showed that the fruit firmness of ‘Ruanrou 3#’ decreased rapidly after 100 days of full bloom，while ‘Qiujinxing’ started to decrease slowly until after 120 days，which was significantly higher than that of ‘Ruanrou 3#’.The activities of polygalacturonase (PG) were lower in the early stage of fruit development for ‘Ruanrou 3#’，but increased sharply along with the rapid decrease of fruit firmness during the harvest period，instead，it showed relatively low activity in the whole development period in ‘Qiujinxing’.The pectin methylesterase (PME) activities in ‘Ruanrou 3#’ were maintained stable and higher than those in ‘Qiujinxing’ during all developmental stages.The cellulase (Cx) activity in ‘Qiujinxing’ and ‘Ruanrou 3#’ increased significantly at fruit ripening，and there was a significant negative correlation between the Cx activity and fruit firmness.The activities of β-galactosidase (β-gal) increased slightly in ‘Ruanrou 3#’ fruit and then decreased，but increased in ‘Qiujinxing’ fruit，especially in the stage of fruit maturity.The lipoxygenase activities peaked in the middle and mature stages of ‘Qiujinxing’ and ‘Ruanrou 3#’ fruits，and increased slightly at late development stage.In conclusion，the changes of hawthorn fruit softening of ‘Ruanrou 3#’ might be affected and regulated by PG，PME and Cx.
参考文献/References:
[1]董文轩.中国果树科学与实践?山楂[M].西安:陕西科学技术出版社，2015.[2]GIOVANNONI J J.Genetic regulation of fruit development and ripening[J].The Plant Cell,2004(16)：170-180.[3]HE Y，XUE J，LI H，et al.Ethylene response factors regulate ethylene biosynthesis and cell wall modification in persimmon (Diospyros kaki L.) fruit during ripening[J].Postharvest Biology and Technology，2020，168:111255.[4]刘佩卓，谷超.不同品种桃果实中内切多聚半乳糖醛酸酶EndoPG基因的表达分析[J].植物学研究，2018，7(4):463-470.[5]REN Y，SUN P，WANG X，et al.Degradation of cell wall polysaccharides and change of related enzyme activities with fruit softening in Annona squamosa during storage[J].Postharvest Biology and Technology，2020，166:111203.[6]张嵩，张光伦，曾秀丽.纤维素酶和多聚半乳糖醛酸酶与果实成熟[J].果树学报，2005(5)：532-536.[7]BAN Q，HAN Y，MENG K，et al.Characterization of β-Galactosidase genes involved in persimmon growth and fruit ripening and in response to propylene and 1-methylcyclopropene[J].Journal of Plant Growth Regulation，2016，35(4):1025-1035.[8]ZHANG B，CHEN K，BOWEN J，et al.Differential expression within the LOX gene family in ripening kiwifruit[J].Journal of Experimental Botany 2006，57：3825-3836.[9]生吉萍，罗云波，申琳.PG和LOX对采后番茄果实软化及细胞超微结构的影响[J].园艺学报,2000，27(4)：276-281.[10]MOHAN T，MOHANKUMAR C.Biochemical changes in the cell wall of oil palm fruit mesocarp (Eldeis guineensis Jacq) during development and post-harvest storage[J].Journal of Food Science and Technology-Mysore，2004，41(2):191-193.[11]曹建康，姜微波，赵玉梅.果蔬采后生理生化实验指导[M].北京:中国轻工业出版社，2007.[12]BAN Q，HAN Y，HE Y，et al.Functional characterization of persimmon β-galactosidase gene DkGAL1 in tomato reveals cell wall modification related to fruit ripening and radicle elongation[J].Plant Science，2018，274:109-120.[13]HOU Y，MENG K，HAN Y，et al.The persimmon 9-lipoxygenase gene DkLOX3 Plays positive roles in both promoting senescence and enhancing tolerance to abiotic stress[J].Frontiers in Plant Science，2015(6):1073.[14]李圆圆,罗安伟,李琳,等.采前氯吡脲处理对‘秦美’猕猴桃贮藏期间果实硬度及细胞壁降解的影响[J].食品科学，2018，39(21)：273-278.[15]梁玉琺,敖良德,王明鑫,等.多聚半乳糖醛酸酶(PG)在苹果成熟过程中的作用[J].Journal of Integrative Plant Biology，1982,31(2)：143-146.[16]薛彦斌，久保康隆，稻叶昭次，等.青梅果实的采后成熟特性和肉质变化[J].中国南方果树，1999，27(3)：34-37.[17]魏建梅，马锋旺，关军锋，等.京白梨果实后熟软化过程中细胞壁代谢及其调控[J].中国农业科学，2009，42(8)：2987-2996.[18]佟兆国，王飞，高志红，等.果胶降解相关酶与果实成熟软化[J].果树学报，2011，28(2)：305-312.[19]XU J，ZHAO Y，ZHANG X，et al.Transcriptome analysis and ultrastructure observation reveal that hawthorn fruit softening is due to cellulose/hemicellulose degradation[J].Frontiers in Plant Science，2016，7 (1524)：1-14.[20]金昌海，汪志君，陆兆新，等.苹果β-半乳糖苷酶同工酶的分离纯化与动力学性质[J].江苏农业学报，2003，19(2)：28-32.[21]阚娟，金昌海，汪志君，等.β-半乳糖苷酶及多聚半乳糖醛酸酶对桃果实成熟软化的影响[J].扬州大学学报，2003，6(27)：76-80.[22]BRUMMELL D，HARPSTER M.Cell wall metabolism in fruit softening and quality and its manipulation in transgenic plants[J].Plant Molecular Biology，2001，47：311-339.[23]GHIANI A，CITTERIO S.A comparative study of melting and non-melting flesh peach cultivars reveals that during fruit ripening endo-polygalacturonase (endo-PG) is mainly involved in pericarp textural changes，not in firmness reduction[J].Journal of Experimental Botany，2001，62：4043-4054.[24]张进献，李冬杰，李宏杰.果实软化过程中细胞壁结构和组分及细胞壁酶的变化[J].河北林果研究，2007，21(2)：180-182,186.[25]茅林春，张上隆.果胶酶和纤维素酶在桃果实成熟和败絮中的作用[J].园艺学报，2001，15(2)：107-111.[26]AHELES F，TAKEDA T.Cellulase activity and ethylene in ripening strawberry and apple fruits[J].Scientia Horticulture，1990，33(42)：269-275.[27]张波.猕猴桃脂氧合酶基因家族的功能解析及其调控[D].杭州:浙江大学，2007.
相似文献/References:
[1]刘存宏,张富娥.植物激素在山楂上的应用研究[J].北方园艺,2013,37(10):18.
LIU Cun-hong,ZHANG Fu-e.Application of Plant Hormone to Hawthorn[J].Northern Horticulture,2013,37(09):18.
[2]李江阔,梁 冰,张 鹏,等.冰温结合低温驯化对磨盘柿软化生理的影响[J].北方园艺,2014,38(03):123.
LI Jiang-kuo,LIANG Bing,ZHANG Peng,et al.Effect of Cold Acclimation Combined with Ice-Temperature Storage on Several Softening Physiology of Mopan Persimmon[J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(09):123.
[3]孟凡蕾,王光全,韩丽蓉,等.山楂新品种红色素的提取及其稳定性研究[J].北方园艺,2012,36(03):17.
MENG Fan-lei,WANG Guang-quan,HAN Li-rong,et al.Study on Extraction and Stability of Red Pigment from Crataegus pinnatifide[J].Northern Horticulture,2012,36(09):17.
[4]高秀岩,赵玉辉,郭印山,等.利用反相高效液相色谱法检测山楂果实多酚含量的方法学研究[J].北方园艺,2013,37(23):106.
GAO Xiu-yan,ZHAO Yu-hui,GUO Yin-shan,et al.Methodology Investigation of Reversal HPLC Measuring the Content of Fruit Polyphenol in Hawthorn[J].Northern Horticulture,2013,37(09):106.
[5]杨宗芳,孟庆杰,王光全,等.山楂叶片过氧化物同工酶分析[J].北方园艺,2012,36(03):122.
YANG Zong-fang,MENG Qing-jie,WANG Guang-quan,et al.Peroxide Isozyme Analysis of Hawthorn Leaf[J].Northern Horticulture,2012,36(09):122.
[6]曾维丽,魏永义,王方方.低糖红薯山楂复合果酱的研制[J].北方园艺,2012,36(16):167.
ZENG Wei-li,WEI Yong-yi,WANG Fang-fang.Production of Low-sugar Jam with Hawthorn and Sweet Potato[J].Northern Horticulture,2012,36(09):167.
[7]郭明月,王琼波,魏永义.低糖虫草复合保健饮料的研制[J].北方园艺,2012,36(06):164.
GUO Ming-yue,WANG Qiong-bo,WEI Yong-yi.Study on Low-sugar Compound Healthy Beverage with Cordyceps militaris[J].Northern Horticulture,2012,36(09):164.
[8]高 伟.灯笼草山楂复合饮料的研制[J].北方园艺,2013,37(23):146.
GAO Wei.Study on the Compound Beverage of Physalis alkekengil ?and Hawthorn[J].Northern Horticulture,2013,37(09):146.
[9]李盛旻,王永宏,王广耀.香菇山楂复合果丹皮的研制[J].北方园艺,2012,36(21):126.
LI Sheng-min,WANG Yong-hong,WANG Guang-yao.Development of Mushrooms the Hawthorn Composite Sweetend Roll[J].Northern Horticulture,2012,36(09):126.
[10]王英臣.苹果山楂葡萄复合果酒的工艺研究[J].北方园艺,2012,36(14):154.
WANG Ying-chen.Study on Apple，Hawthorn and Grape Composite Wine[J].Northern Horticulture,2012,36(09):154.
备注/Memo
第一作者简介：王碧君（1998-），女，硕士研究生，研究方向为果树种质资源评价与利用。E-mail：wangbijun@syau.edu.cn.责任作者：侯亚莉（1987-），女，博士，讲师，现主要从事果树种质资源评价与利用等研究工作。E-mail：houyali@syau.edu.cn.基金项目：辽宁省高校基本科研项目青年资助项目 （LSNQN201719，LJKMZ20221054）。收稿日期：2022-08-29