QIAO Qinghua,LIU Guangqing,GAO Yanru,et al.Effects of Environmental pH on Tomato Resistance to Fusarium Wilt[J].Northern Horticulture,2022,(08):9-15.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20214224]
环境pH对番茄枯萎病抗性的影响
- Title:
- Effects of Environmental pH on Tomato Resistance to Fusarium Wilt
- Keywords:
- Fusarium oxysporum; tomato; pH
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 以番茄枯萎病菌尖孢镰刀菌番茄专化型(Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.lycopersici)Fol4287为研究对象，研究环境pH对其生长和产孢状况的影响，并以番茄“吉美008”为试材，通过实验室水培和离体叶片侵染的方法，研究了酸性、碱性及中性环境条件下番茄对Fol4287胁迫的响应差异，以期为实践中通过调节土壤pH抑制番茄枯萎病的发生提供参考依据。结果表明：Fol4287的菌丝最适生长pH环境为5.0，最适产孢pH环境为9.0~11.0。碱性环境中番茄幼苗的丙二醛（MDA）含量、相对电导率、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)及过氧化物酶(POD)活性均大于酸性和中性环境，但是Fol4287的作用效果相对较弱。酸性环境条件下Fol4287对番茄幼苗伤害加重，MDA含量、相对电导率、SOD、POD活性增加量分别为55.01%、67.01%、105.07%、142.81%，均大于中性环境（19.06%、21.54%、49.81%、70.62%）。酸性环境中的番茄幼苗发病率高于中性和碱性环境。综上所述，酸性环境中Fol4287的毒力较强，而碱性环境虽然对番茄幼苗的正常生长有抑制作用但是能够抑制Fol4287侵染番茄幼苗。
- Abstract:
- Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.lycopersici Fol4287 was used as the research material to explore the effects of environmental pH on the growth and infection characteristics.And tomato ‘Jimei 008’ was used as the research material,the response differences of tomato to Fol4287 stress under acidic,alkaline and neutral environmental conditions were studied by laboratory hydroponic culture and isolated leaf infection,in order to provide reference for inhibiting the occurrence of tomato Fusarium wilt by adjusting soil pH in production practice.The results showed that the optimum pH for growth and sporulation of Fol4287 was 5.0 and 9.0-11.0,respectively.The MDA content,relative conductivity,superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) activities of tomato seedlings in alkaline environment were higher than those in acidic and neutral environment,but the effect of Fol4287 was relatively weak.The damage of Fol4287 to tomato seedlings was aggravated under acidic environment.The increase of MDA content,relative conductivity,SOD and POD activities were 55.01%,67.01%,105.07% and 142.81% respectively,which were greater than those in neutral environment (19.06%,21.54%,49.81% and 70.62%).The incidence rate of tomato seedlings in acidic environment was higher than that in neutral and alkaline environments.In conclusion,acidic environment enhanced pathogenicity of Fol4287,while alkaline environment can inhibit Fol4287 from infecting tomato seedlings although it can inhibit the normal growth of tomato seedlings.
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备注/Memo
第一作者简介：乔清华（1989-），女，博士，助理研究员，现主要从事蔬菜病虫害防治等研究工作。E-mail：15066499860@163.com.责任作者：任振新（1977-），男，博士，副研究员，现主要从事植物病虫害防治等研究工作。E-mail：zhxren@126.com.〖JP〗基金项目：广西自然科学基金资助项目（2020GXNSFBA297036）；〖JP〗玉林师范学院高层次人才科研启动基金资助项目（G2020ZK06）。收稿日期：2021-10-18