MI Xingwang,LI Bo,HE Meng,et al.Effects of Compound Matrix on Fruit Quality and Yield of Tomato in Gobi Solar Greenhouse[J].Northern Horticulture,2021,(08):64-70.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20203117]
复配基质对戈壁日光温室番茄果实品质及产量的影响
- Title:
- Effects of Compound Matrix on Fruit Quality and Yield of Tomato in Gobi Solar Greenhouse
- Keywords:
- compound matrix; matrix cultivation; tomato; fruit quality
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 以“金抗1号”番茄为试材，采用槽式栽培，利用腐熟的玉米芯、作物秸秆、牛粪、河沙、蛭石组成7种栽培基质配方，以酒泉生产应用的商品基质为对照，研究了不同基质配方对温室番茄生长、产量、品质的影响，并对基质栽培前后的理化性质进行了分析，旨在为番茄有机基质栽培提供技术支撑。结果表明：1）在番茄整个生育期间，各处理的 pH和 EC 值均有所变化，但其变动值始终没有超出番茄生长所需的范围；不同配比基质在栽培前各理化性状均在番茄正常生长的理想范围之内。2）通过对番茄株高、茎粗的比较得出，定植后的整个生育期内，配方T6、T2的栽培效果较好，株高、茎粗均显著高于其它处理，植株健壮。3）不同配比基质对番茄产量及品质有较大的影响，T6、T2的667 m2番茄产量均达到7 600 kg以上，与CK相比，超出CK产量的2158%~2454%，单果质量较CK高2307%~2387%；与CK相比，T6、T2的综合效果最好，显著提高果实维生素C、可溶性糖含量，有机酸含量较高，糖酸比适宜。综上，T6、T2配方栽培下的番茄植株长势良好，果实品质佳，且基质原料丰富易得，成本适宜，可以在酒泉地区非耕地番茄基质栽培中推广应用。
- Abstract:
- ‘Jinkang No1’ tomato was taken as the experimental material,the effects of different matrix formulations on the growth,yield and quality of greenhouse tomato were studied by using seven cultivation matrix formulations composed of rotten corncob,crop straw,cow manure,river sand and vermiculite,the commodity matrix from Jiuquan was as control,in order to provide technical support for organic matrix cultivation of tomato.The results showed that,1) During the whole growth period of tomato,pH and EC value of each treatment were changed,but the change value did not exceed the range required for tomato growth;the physicochemical properties of different matries before cultivation were within the ideal range of tomato normal growth.2) Through the comparison of plant height and stem diameter of tomato,the results showed that the cultivation effect of T6 and T2 were better,the plant height and stem diameter were significantly higher than other treatments,and the plant was robust.3) The yield of T6 and T2 reached 7 600 kg per 667 m2,which was 2158%-2454% higher than that of CK,and the single fruit weight was 2307%-2387% higher than that of CK.Compared with CK,T6 and T2 had the best comprehensive effect,significantly increased vitamin C and soluble sugar content,higher organic acid content and appropriate sugar acid ratio.In conclusion,T6 and T2 formula cultivation of tomato plant growth is good,the fruit quality is good,and the source of matrix raw materials is rich and easy to obtain,and the cost is appropriate,so it can be applied in non cultivated land tomato matrix cultivation in Jiuquan area.
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备注/Memo
第一作者简介：李波（1981-），男，本科，助理研究员，现主要从事蔬菜栽培技术等研究工作。E-mail：1633108773@qq.com. 责任作者：米兴旺（1978-），男，本科，副研究员，现主要从事蔬菜栽培技术等研究工作。E-mail：412796397@qq.com.收稿日期：2020-07-23