WANG Peng,YE Jun,HOU Zhenan,et al.Effects of Foliar Spraying Selenium on Selenium Accumulation and Fruit Quality of ‘Merlot’ and ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ Grape[J].Northern Horticulture,2018,42(20):33-40.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20181229]
叶面喷硒对“美乐”和“赤霞珠”葡萄硒富集和果实品质的影响
- Title:
- Effects of Foliar Spraying Selenium on Selenium Accumulation and Fruit Quality of ‘Merlot’ and ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ Grape
- Keywords:
- grape; yield; selenium content; fruit quality; growth period
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 以“美乐”和“赤霞珠”葡萄为试材，采用大田试验的方法，设置不同硒浓度（分别为0、100、200、400、800 mg·L-1）的硒肥，每667 m2用量60 L，研究了不同生育期叶面喷施硒肥对酿酒葡萄产量、品质及硒含量的影响，确定富硒酿酒葡萄硒肥施用的最佳时期和施用量，以期为富硒葡萄酒酿造提供原料。结果表明：在葡萄果实不同生育期叶面喷施不同浓度的硒肥均能提高“美乐”和“赤霞珠”的单粒质量、横纵径、可溶性固形物含量和维生素C含量，且随着施肥量的增加表现为先增加后降低。在果实膨大期，叶面喷硒量为200 mg·L-1时的效果最佳，“美乐”和“赤霞珠”的果实单粒质量、横径、纵径和维生素C含量、可溶性固形物含量分别比对照(清水)提高了28.6%、15.4%、13.7%、72.6%、16.43%和23.0%、11.8%、12.9%、71.4%、22.3%。在果实膨大期，喷硒浓度为200 mg·L-1时产量达到最大，此时“美乐”和“赤霞珠”的产量分别比对照高了10.2%和9.1%。在安全范围内，酿酒葡萄果实膨大期喷硒肥200 mg·L-1时富硒效果最佳，此时“美乐”和“赤霞珠”籽、皮和葡萄果浆的硒含量与对照相比，分别提高了342.2%、954.9%、3 311%和352.3%、1 518.9%、2 818%。综上所述，“美乐”和“赤霞珠”葡萄叶面最适喷施硒肥时期为果实膨大期，最适喷施浓度为200 mg·L-1。
- Abstract:
- ‘Merlot’ and ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ were taken as test materials,selenium fertilizers with selenium concentration of 0,100,200,400 and 800 mg·L-1 were set up by field test.The amount of selenium per 667 m2 was 60 L.The effect of selenium fertilizer on the yield,quality and selenium content of grape wine grape was studied at different growth stages of grape,and the optimum period and dosage of selenium fertilizer for selenium rich wine grape were determined,in order to provide raw material for selenium rich wine brewing.The results showed that the single grain weight,transverse longitudinal diameter,soluble solid and vitamin C content of ‘Merlot’ and ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ could be improved by spraying different concentrations of selenium fertilizer on the leaves of grape fruit at different growth stages,and as the amount of fertilizer increased,it increased first and then decreased.In the period of fruit expansion,the effect was the best when the leaf surface spray was 200 mg·L-1.At this time,the single weight,transverse diameter,longitudinal diameter and vitamin C content of ‘Merlot’ and ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ increased by 28.6%,15.4%,13.7%,72.6% and 23%,11.85%,12.9%,71.4% respectively.The yield of ‘Merlot’ and ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ was 10.2% and 9.1% higher than that of the control at the fruit expansion stage when the concentration of selenium was 200 mg·L-1.In the range of safety,the effect of selenium enrichment was the best when the wine grape fruit was treated with 200 mg·L-1.The selenium content of ‘Merlot’ and ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ seeds,skin and grape berries increased by 342.2%,954.9%,3 311% and 352.3%,1 518.9%，2 818%,respectively,compared with the control.In summary,the optimum spraying time for ‘Merlot’ and ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ foliage was fruit enlargement,and the optimum spraying concentration was 200 mg·L-1.
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备注/Memo
第一作者简介：王鹏(1994-)，男，贵州毕节人，硕士研究生，研究方向为新型肥料研制与现代施肥技术。E-mail:18299082668@163.com.责任作者：冶军（1974-），男，新疆霍城人，硕士，副教授，现主要从事新型肥料研制与现代施肥技术等研究工作。E-mail：yejun.shz@163.com.基金项目：国家科技支撑资助项目（2012BAD42B02）。收稿日期：2018-05-21