ZHAO Bin,FU Naifeng,XIANG Yanci,et al.Screening of Better Growth Substrate for Soilless Culture of Wax Begonia (Begonia cucullata Willd.)[J].Northern Horticulture,2017,41(09):79-84.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201709017]
四季秋海棠无土栽培优良基质的筛选
- Title:
- Screening of Better Growth Substrate for Soilless Culture of Wax Begonia (Begonia cucullata Willd.)
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 为探究秋海棠的优良栽培基质及草坪草的修剪废弃物替代泥炭作为基质的可能性，以栽培广泛的四季秋海棠幼苗为试材，在上海辰山植物园的栽培大棚中进行盆栽试验。分别选用T1（泥炭∶珍珠岩=1∶1）、T2（泥炭∶珍珠岩∶松树皮=1∶1∶1）、T3（玉米秆∶珍珠岩∶松树皮=1∶1∶1）、T4（玉米秆∶珍珠岩∶松树皮=2∶1∶1）、T5（草秆∶珍珠岩∶松树皮=1∶1∶1）、T6（草秆∶珍珠岩∶松树皮=2∶1∶1）、T7（蛭石∶珍珠岩∶松树皮=1∶1∶1）和T8（蛭石∶珍珠岩∶松树皮=2∶1∶1）8种混合基质，比较四季秋海棠的生长表现差异。结果表明：四季秋海棠在8种栽培基质中，上盆后30~60 d时茎均显著增大，60~90 d时株高、叶数和叶面积增加最多。最佳综合表现为T6处理，在该基质中，分枝数、叶片厚度、开花数、地上部分鲜干质量和相对叶绿素含量均最大。综合评价分析，基质用草秆∶珍珠岩∶松树皮=2∶1∶1替换泥炭，可满足四季秋海棠生长，因此，修剪后的草坪草废弃物可替换泥炭用于秋海棠的无土栽培基质。
- Abstract:
- In order to investigate a better soilless culture mixture and the possibility of turfgrass clippings as alternative substrate for peat moss to grow Begonia cucullata in pots，the seedlings of widely cultivated Begonia cucullata Willd.，were grown in pots with eight types of soilless mixture：T1 (peat∶perlite=1∶1)，T2 (peat∶perlite∶pine bark=1∶1∶1)，T3 (corn stover∶perlite∶pine bark=1∶1∶1)，T4 (corn stover∶perlite∶pine bark=2∶1∶1)，T5 (turfgrass∶perlite∶pine bark=1∶1∶1)，T6 (turfgrass∶perlite∶pine bark=2∶1∶1)，T7 (vermiculite∶perlite∶pine bark=1∶1∶1) and T8 (vermiculite∶perlite∶pine bark=2∶1∶1)，respectively，in a shade house of Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden to evaluate plant growth performance.The results showed that the stem diameter of Begonia cucullata increased significantly between 30 and 60 days after potting，and the plant height，leaf number and leaf area increased largest between 60 and 90 days after potting in all treatments.The growth of plants performed best in T6，with the highest of branch number，leaf thickness，flower number，fresh and dry weight of the aboveground part and relative chlorophyll content.Therefore，the substrate with turfgrass∶perlite∶pine bark=2∶1∶1 was the best culture medium for growing B.cucullata in this study，and the turf grass clippings could replace peat moss as alternative substrate for growing Begonia cucullata in containers.
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备注/Memo
第一作者简介：赵斌（1988-），男，黑龙江哈尔滨人，硕士，园艺师，现主要从事秋海棠等观赏植物的育种及栽培生理等研究工作。E-mail：zhaobin709@126.com.责任作者：田代科（1968-），男，博士，研究员，现主要从事植物分类与引种驯化及观赏植物育种与繁殖生产和开发利用等研究工作。E-mail：dktian@sibs.ac.cn.基金项目：上海市绿化和市容管理局攻关资助项目(F112421)；上海市科学技术委员会资助项目(14DZ2260400)；湖南省环保科技资助项目（湘财建指[2012]347号，湘财建指[2013]229号)。