JIANG Peng,WANG Rui,JI Lidong,et al.JIANG Peng1，WANG Rui1,2，JI Lidong3，SUN Quan1,2，XU Xiaorui1，LI Lei1[J].Northern Horticulture,2016,40(05):22-27.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201605006]
中微量元素在贺兰山东麓酿酒葡萄上的应用效果
- Title:
- JIANG Peng1，WANG Rui1,2，JI Lidong3，SUN Quan1,2，XU Xiaorui1，LI Lei1
- Keywords:
- trace elements; wine grapes; quality
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 针对贺兰山东麓酿酒葡萄风沙土产区中微量营养元素相对缺乏，空间变异较大等限制产业高效发展的关键问题，以4年生“蛇龙珠”葡萄为试材，通过设置滴灌施肥试验，研究了中微量营养元素钙（Ca）、镁（Mg）、铁（Fe）、锰（Mn）、铜（Cu）、锌（Zn）、硼（B）元素对酿酒葡萄生长及品质的影响。结果表明：增施中量元素Mg能有效提高葡萄叶片和叶柄中的全磷含量进而提高葡萄单粒重及产量，同时能提高果实单宁及总酚含量；增施微量元素Fe有利于促进叶片的生长发育，提高叶片净光合速率并促进干物量积累，增加可溶性糖含量；增施B元素则能有效提高叶片和叶柄的全钾及果实中花色苷含量。综合分析，增施Fe、Ca元素能促进葡萄的生长，增施B、Mg元素能提高酿酒葡萄果实品质，增施Ca、Mg元素能更好的提高酿酒葡萄产量。
- Abstract:
- There was large area of wine vineyards at the Eastern foot of Helan Mountain，and the wine grape industry has become the main industry here.However，many reasons,such as the lack of the secondary and micro-element，the space etc,severely restrict the development of this industry.With 4-year-old ‘Cabernet Gernischt’ grape as material，the influence of the micro-elements Ca,Mg,Fe,Mn,Cu,Zn,B on the growth and quality of the wine grape by the experiment on fertigation by drip irrigation was studied.The results showed that the increasing amount of the Mg could improve the total phosphorus content of the leaves and petioles of the grape，and the single weight of the grape，while improve the tannins and the total phenols content，but the fertilizer effect of Cu was not obvious.Meanwhile，the element Fe was beneficial to promote the growth and development of the blade，improve leaf net photosynthetic rate and promote the amount of dry matter accumulation，increasing the soluble sugar content.The element B could improve the total potassium and fruit anthocyanin content of leaf and petiole，but the fertilizer effect of Mn and Zn were not obvious.In conclusion，the elements Fe and Ca could promote the growth of grapes，the elements B and Mg could improve the quality of the wine grape，the elements Cu,Ca and Mg could improve the wine grape production better.
参考文献/References:
[1]李彦凯,王奉玉.宁夏葡萄酒产业发展现状与对策[J].宁夏科技,2002(1):7-9. [2]KAMSU-FOGUEM B，FLAMMANG A.Knowledge description for the suitability requirements of different geographical regions for growing wine[J].Land Use Policy,2014,38:719-731. [3]张晓娟,孙权,郭洁,等.贺兰山东麓风沙土区三年生酿酒葡萄磷肥效应研究[J].北方园艺,2012(18):181-185. [4]孙权,王振平.宁夏贺兰山东麓酿酒葡萄叶部氮磷钾生长季动态研究[J].北方园艺,2007(5):22-25. [5]商佳胤.镁铁等六种元素对三个葡萄品种生理特性的影响[D].兰州:甘肃农业大学,2007. [6]VYSTAVNA Y，RUSHENKO L，DIADIN D，et al.Trace metals in wine and vineyard environment in southern Ukraine[J].Food Chemistry,2014,146:339-344. [7]HOPFER H,NELSON J,COLLINS T S,et al.The combined impact of vineyard origin and processing winery on the elemental profile of red wines[J].Food Chemistry,2015,172:486-496. [8]施明,司海丽,朱英,等.钙镁硫肥对贺兰山东麓酿酒葡萄的影响[J].湖北农业科学,2013（20）:4878-4881,4897. [9]张磊,刘玲玲.配合施硼、锌肥对巨峰葡萄产量和品质的影响[J].河北林业科技，2010,8(4):14-15. [10]SCHMIDT H P，KAMMANN C，NIGGLI C，et al.Biochar and biochar-〖JP2〗compost as soil amendments to a vineyard soil：influences on plant growth，nutrient uptake，plant health and grape quality[J].Agriculture,Ecosystems and Environment,2014,191:117-123. [11]闫孝贡,刘剑钊,郭金瑞,等.微量元素肥料在农业生产中的有效施用[J].农业与技术,2010(2):69-70. [12]鲍士旦.土壤农化分析[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2000. [13]陆景陵.植物营养学（上册）[M].北京:北京农业大学出版社,1994. [14]谢建昌,马茂桐,朱月珍,等.红壤区土壤中镁肥肥效的研究[J].土壤学报,1965,13(4):377-386. [15]孙权,王静芳,王素芳,等.不同施肥深度对酿酒葡萄叶片养分和产量及品质的影响[J].果树学报,2007,24(4):455-459. [16]AMORS J A，ESBR J M，GARCA-NAVARRO F J，et al.Variations in mercury and other trace elements contents in soil and in vine leaves from the Almadén Hg-mining district[J].Journal of Soils and Sediments,2014,14(4):773-777. [17]李丽霞.微肥对作物产量、品质的影响及其生态环境效应[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2005. [18]眭辉金,武秀凤,蒋金良.硼、钼微量元素在大豆上应用试验[J].农业装备技术,2002(4):21-21. [19](澳)马希纳(MARSCHNER P).高等植物矿质营养[M].3版.北京:科学出版社,2013.
相似文献/References:
[1]赵竹君,张振文.山东平度爱迪尔酒庄主要酿酒葡萄品种的研究[J].北方园艺,2013,37(13):15.
ZHAO Zhu-jun,ZHANG Zhen-wen.Study on the Major Grape Varieties in Pingdu Ideal Winery[J].Northern Horticulture,2013,37(05):15.
[2]梁曼,王华,叶秋红.四个西班牙酿酒葡萄品种在陕西关中地区的引种表现[J].北方园艺,2014,38(05):39.
LIANG Man,WANG Hua,YE Qiu-hong.Primary Reports on Introduction of Four Spanish Winegrapes in Guanzhong Area of Shaanxi Province[J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(05):39.
[3]周兴,王振平,代红军.不同施肥处理对“蛇龙珠”葡萄光合性能及品质的影响[J].北方园艺,2013,37(14):1.
ZHOU Xing,WANG Zhen-ping,DAI Hong-jun.Effects of Different Fertilizer Treatments on Photosynthesis and Quality of ‘Cabernet’ Grape[J].Northern Horticulture,2013,37(05):1.
[4]王正义,王玉平.灌溉定额对酿酒葡萄生长和品质的影响[J].北方园艺,2014,38(06):39.
WANG Zheng-yi,WANG Yu-ping.Effect of Irrigation Quota on Growth and Quality of Wine Grape[J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(05):39.
[5]黄学春,李映龙,单守明,等.调亏灌溉对“蛇龙珠”葡萄果实生长发育和品质的影响[J].北方园艺,2013,37(23):23.
HUANG Xue-chun,LI Ying-long,SHAN Shou-ming,et al.Effects of Regulated Deficit Irrigation on Berry Development and Quality of ‘Cabernet Gernischt’[J].Northern Horticulture,2013,37(05):23.
[6]岳海英,马海军.不同负载量对酿酒葡萄果实品质的影响[J].北方园艺,2013,37(15):44.
YUE Hai-ying,MA Hai-jun.Effect of Different Loads on Fruit Quality of Wine Grape[J].Northern Horticulture,2013,37(05):44.
[7]法洁琼,张振文.甘肃河西走廊产区主栽酿酒葡萄品质比较研究[J].北方园艺,2013,37(03):26.
FA Jie-qiong,ZHANG Zhen-wen.Study on the Quality Comparision of the Wine Grape in Gansu Corridor Area[J].Northern Horticulture,2013,37(05):26.
[8]李欣,张光弟,李玉鼎.简易埋土法在贺兰山东麓酿酒葡萄越冬防寒中的应用研究[J].北方园艺,2013,37(03):34.
LI Xin,ZHANG Guang-di,LI Yu-ding.Application Study on the Way of Easy Soil-burying for Grapewine Cold Resistant at Eastern Foot of Helan Mountain in Winter[J].Northern Horticulture,2013,37(05):34.
[9]梁艳英,刘旭,隋银强,等.几个红色酿酒葡萄品种成熟度研究[J].北方园艺,2013,37(07):1.
LIANG Yan-ying,LIU Xu,SUI Yin-qiang,et al.Study on the Maturity of a Few of Red Vitis Vinifera Varities[J].Northern Horticulture,2013,37(05):1.
[10]李欣,张光弟,李玉鼎.聚苯乙烯颗粒材料覆盖对贺兰山东麓酿酒葡萄越冬防寒的效果[J].北方园艺,2013,37(07):29.
LI Xin,ZHANG Guang-di,LI Yu-ding.Effect of Granular Polystyrene Materal Covering on Cold Resistant for Overwintering of Grapewine at Eastern Foot of Helan Mountain in Winter[J].Northern Horticulture,2013,37(05):29.
备注/Memo
第一作者简介：蒋鹏（1992-），女，硕士研究生，研究方向为干旱区土肥水管理。E-mail：627662515@qq.com.责任作者：孙权（1965-），男，博士，教授，现主要从事干旱区土壤资源高效利用等研究工作。E-mail：sqnxu@sina.com.基金项目：国家自然科学基金资助项目（31160417,31460552）；“十二五” 国家科技支撑计划资助项目（2013BAD09B02）；现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金资助项目(nycytx-30)。