JIN Fang-lun,ZHOU Guang-ping,LI Ming,et al.Analysis of the Growth and Development of Fruit and New Tendril Growth of Kiwi[J].Northern Horticulture,2013,37(21):12-17.
中华猕猴桃新蔓生长与果实生长发育动态分析
- Title:
- Analysis of the Growth and Development of Fruit and New Tendril Growth of Kiwi
- 文章编号:
- 1001-0009(2013)21-0012-06
- Keywords:
- kiwi; new tendril; fruit; growth and development
- 分类号:
- S 663.4
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 以11～12 a生的“贵长”猕猴桃(Actinidia chinensis ‘Guichang’)为试材，观察分析了其新蔓生长与果实生长变化的动态。结果表明：新蔓生长期达147 d，其中春蔓生长期达63～70 d，二次蔓生长期达70～77 d；加粗生长一直长到9月中旬，其中春蔓加粗生长期长达189 d；二次蔓加粗生长期达116 d。新蔓在整个生长过程中生长量和日生长量都出现2～7次生长高峰期。果实生长期长达133～140 d，果实纵横径生长呈多S形生长曲线，在生长期内出现3～5次生长高峰期。新梢生长与果实发育关系密切，表现为前期8周春蔓生长快，以后4周春蔓和二次蔓生长极慢，果实生长极快，再后6周春蔓停止生长，二次蔓生长极快，果实生长较慢，以后二次蔓和果实纵径生长极慢，而果实横径生长较慢，直至都停止生长，在整个生长过程中存在协同。根据猕猴桃新蔓和果实生长发育动态的分析，建议在猕猴桃生产管理时，在上年加强水肥管理的同时选择在5月中旬作为最佳施肥时期，同时要求在果梢生长旺期加强根外追肥，以满足蔓果的养分需求。
- Abstract:
- With 11~12 year-old Actinidia chinensis ‘Guichang’ as material，the growth of new tendril and fruit growth dynamic changes were observed.The results showed that the new tendril growth period was 147 days，in which the spring tendril elongation growth period was 63~70 days，secondary tendril elongation growth period was 70~77 days；thickening growth had been prolonged until mid-September，spring tendril thickening growth period up to 189 days；secondary tendril thickening growth period as long as 116 days.In the whole growth process the growth and daily growth of new tendril had 2~7 times growth peak.The entire fruit growth period was 133~140 days，the fruit in the multiple S-shaped growth curve，vertical and horizontal diameter growth during the growth period had three to five times growth peak.The new tendril growth and fruit development showed close relationship，at the previous eight weeks tendril grew fast，after the four weeks tendril and secondary tendril grew very slowly，the fruit grew very fast，then after six weeks tendril stopped growing，secondary tendril grew fast，fruit grew slower，after that the second tendril and longitudinal diameter grew extremely slow，fruit diameter grew more slower，until they stopped growing，there was synergy in the whole growth process.According to new tendril and fruit growth and development dynamic analysis，it suggested that it should strengthen the management of sewage sludge，at the same time choose in the mid-May as the best fertilization period，foliage spray should be applied at the most productive period，to satisfy the demands of tendril fruit nutrient.
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备注/Memo
第一作者简介：金方伦(1964-)，男，本科，高级农艺师,现主要从事果树研究等工作。E-mail：jfl2016@163.com.