CUI Jia,CUI Ying,ZHANG Xiaohong,et al.Effects of Combined Application of Bio-fertilizers and Conditioners on the Yield of Continuous Cropping Tomatoes and Soil Micro-ecology[J].Northern Horticulture,2025,(10):103-110.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20243882]
生物菌肥配施土壤调理剂对连作番茄产量及土壤微生态的影响
- Title:
- Effects of Combined Application of Bio-fertilizers and Conditioners on the Yield of Continuous Cropping Tomatoes and Soil Micro-ecology
- 文章编号:
- 1001-0009(2025)10-0103-08
- Keywords:
- tomato; continuous soil; biofertilizer; organic conditioner; yield; microecological restoration
- 分类号:
- S 641.2
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 以连作5年番茄大棚为试验对象，采用大棚划区试验，设置化肥常规施用量(CK)，化肥减量30%(CF)，以及化肥减量30%条件下分别增施生物菌肥(JF)、生物菌肥配施壳寡糖类土壤调理剂(JDZ)、螯合多肽钙硅镁类土壤调理剂(JGM)、聚丙烯酰胺类土壤调理剂(JBX)，研究了生物菌肥与土壤调理剂对连作番茄产量、土壤碳转化及微生物学特征的影响，以期为连作番茄的治理及可持续化生产提供参考依据。结果表明：与CK相比，单一减量化施肥不利于土壤微生物代谢活性，从而影响土壤养分含量、碳转化效率及果实产量。化肥减量30%条件下增施生物菌肥可在一定程度上促进土壤碳转化、改善土壤微生物结构及提高产量，但效果欠佳。增施生物菌肥和土壤调理剂处理提高了土壤微生物均匀度及多样性，增加了总有机碳、活性有机碳组分含量及增强土壤微生物碳代谢效率；PLFAs进一步表明，增施生物菌肥和土壤调理剂对土壤细菌(B)与革兰氏阴性菌(G-)生物量无明显影响，但提高了放线菌、革兰氏阳性菌(G+)生物量，从而提高B/F、G+/G-以改善土壤微生态，以JDZ处理效果最佳，其较CK增产6.33%。综上，生物菌肥与土壤调理剂可降低土壤真菌增殖、提高土壤微生物多样性、增强微生物代谢活性，从而有效修复土壤微生态、促进土壤碳转化及提高产量，以生物菌肥配施壳寡糖类土壤调理剂效果最优、产量最高，可作为改良番茄连作土的可行性措施。
- Abstract:
- The tomato greenhouse with continuous cropping for 5 years was used as the test object，and the greenhouse partition test was adopted.The conventional application amount of chemical fertilizer (CK)，the reduction of chemical fertilizer by 30% (CF)，and the increase of biological bacterial fertilizer (JF)，biological bacterial fertilizer combined with chitosan oligosaccharide soil conditioner (JDZ)，chelating polypeptide calcium silicon magnesium soil conditioner (JGM)，polyacrylamide soil conditioner (JBX) were set.The effects of bio-bacterial fertilizer and soil conditioner on the yield，soil carbon transformation and microbiological characteristics of continuous cropping tomato were explored in order to provide reference for the management and sustainable production of continuous cropping tomato.The results showed that compared with CK treatment，single reduction fertilization was not conducive to soil microbial metabolic activity，thus affecting soil nutrient content，carbon conversion efficiency and fruit yield.Under the condition of 30% reduction of chemical fertilizer，the application of bio-bacterial fertilizer could promote soil carbon transformation，improve soil microbial structure and increase yield to a certain extent，but the effect was not good.The application of biological bacterial fertilizer and soil conditioner improved the uniformity and diversity of soil microorganisms，increased the content of total organic carbon and active organic carbon components，and enhanced the efficiency of soil microbial carbon metabolism.PLFAs detection further showed that the application of bio-bacterial fertilizer and soil conditioner had no significant effect on the biomass of soil bacteria (B) and Gram-negative bacteria (G-)，but increased the biomass of actinomycetes and Gram-positive bacteria (G+)，thereby increasing B/F and G+/G-to improve soil microecology.JDZ had the best effect，which increased yield by 6.33% compared with CK treatment.In summary，bio-bacterial fertilizer and soil conditioner can reduce soil fungal proliferation，improve soil microbial diversity，and enhance microbial metabolic activity，thereby effectively repairing soil microecology，promoting soil carbon conversion，and increasing yield.Bio-bacterial fertilizer combined with chitosan oligosaccharide soil conditioner has the best effect and the highest yield，which can be used as a feasible measure to improve tomato continuous cropping soil.
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备注/Memo
第一作者简介：崔佳(1982-)，女，硕士，讲师，现主要从事病原生物等研究工作。E-mail：42812041@qq.com.责任作者：龙章富(1966-)，男，博士，副教授，现主要从事食用菌与天然产物等研究工作。E-mail：Lzf0027@163.com.基金项目：四川省科技厅科技支撑资助项目(2023KZ0006)。收稿日期：2024-09-29