DONG Lihua,ZHU Hongyan,YIN Cui,et al.Effects of Different Cultivation Substrates on Quality,Yield and Economic Benefits of Tomato in Solar Greenhouse[J].Northern Horticulture,2023,(13):57-62.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20224144]
不同基质栽培对日光温室番茄品质产量及经济效益的影响
- Title:
- Effects of Different Cultivation Substrates on Quality,Yield and Economic Benefits of Tomato in Solar Greenhouse
- Keywords:
- cultivation substrate; tomato; yield; economic benefits
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 以普罗旺斯番茄为试材,以传统土培方法为对照,采用常规栽培基质、纯蚯蚓粪、种养结合的方法,利用槽培方式进行田间试验,研究了不同基质栽培对日光温室番茄品质、产量和经济效益的影响,以期为设施番茄无土栽培低成本化、高产化、优质化提供参考依据。结果表明:蚯蚓原位堆肥处理的速效钾、全氮、速效氮、全磷、速效磷含量分别为748.07 mg?kg-1、7.27 g?kg-1、70.80 mg?kg-1、5.06 g?kg-1、577.04 mg?kg-1,均显著高于其它处理,磷酸酶、蔗糖酶、脲酶活性分别比传统土培提高了159.85%、600.95%、284.17%;蚯蚓原位堆肥的番茄品质最优,维生素C、可溶性糖、可溶性固形物、有机酸含量分别比传统土培提高了2.13%、150.98%、122.39%、75.35%,硝酸盐含量降低了70.32%;蚯蚓原位堆肥667 m2产量最高,为6 142.67 kg,经济效益最好。蚯蚓堆肥对于作物的生长发育及品质产量的提升具有显著影响,可作为环保、成本低廉的栽培基质推广使用。
- Abstract:
- The effects of different substrates on the quality,yield,and economic benefits of greenhousEgrown Provence tomatoes were studied through field trials using traditional soil cultivation as the control.Conventional cultivation substrate,pure earthworm castings,and combined cultivation and breeding were used,in order to provide reference for low cost,high yield,highclass tomato production.The results showed that the readily available potassium,total nitrogen,readily available nitrogen,total phosphorus,and readily available phosphorus of the earthworm casting treatment were all significantly higher than the other treatments,at 748.07 mg?kg-1,7.27 g?kg-1,70.80 mg?kg-1,5.06 g?kg-1,and 577.04 mg?kg-1,respectively.The phosphatase,sucrase,and urease activities were increased by 159.85%,600.95%,and 284.17%,respectively,compared with traditional soil cultivation.The tomato quality was optimal in the earthworm casting treatment,with vitamin C,soluble sugar,soluble solids,and organic acid contents all higher than traditional soil cultivation by 2.13%,150.98%,122.39%,and 75.35%,respectively,and nitrate content decreased by 70.32%.The earthworm casting treatment had the highest yield of 6 142.67 kg?(667m2)-1 and the best economic benefit.The use of earthworm castings had a significant impact on crop growth,development,and quality and yield improvement,and they could be promoted as an environmentally friendly and costeffective substrate for cultivation.
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备注/Memo
第一作者简介:董丽华(1979-),女,硕士,副研究员,现主要从事农业科技评估等研究工作。Email:dlh_1@163.com.责任作者:曹云娥(1977-),女,博士,教授,现主要从事作物生理与营养调控等研究工作。Email:caohua3221@163.com.基金项目:宁夏重点研发计划资助项目(2021BBF02005)。收稿日期:2022-10-12