ZHANG Lei,WANG Jiachen,WANG Xuexia,et al.Effects of Controlled Release Nitrogen Fertilizer and Nitrogen Reduction on Greenhouse Tomato Yield and Soil Respiration[J].Northern Horticulture,2021,(11):90-96.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20203445]
控释氮肥及减氮对设施番茄产量及土壤呼吸的影响
- Title:
- Effects of Controlled Release Nitrogen Fertilizer and Nitrogen Reduction on Greenhouse Tomato Yield and Soil Respiration
- Keywords:
- greenhouse vegetable; controlled release nitrogen fertilizer; reduction nitrogen; soil respiration; yield
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 以“佳美8号”番茄为试材，设置5个处理分别为CK（不施氮肥）、U处理（普通尿素配施水溶肥）、CRU处理（控释氮肥配施水溶肥）、-20%CRU处理（控释氮肥减氮20%配施水溶肥）、-40%CRU处理（控释氮肥减氮40%配施水溶肥）,采用LI-8100A碳通量测量系统对设施番茄土壤呼吸进行测定,研究了控释氮肥及减氮对设施菜田土壤呼吸的影响，以期为控释氮肥减量施用增加番茄产量降低土壤呼吸速率提供参考依据。结果表明：番茄生长季各处理土壤呼吸速率峰值均出现在定植后的10~15 d和追肥后的5 d，控释氮肥及减氮处理均降低了土壤呼吸速率峰值，且随着生育期的延长土壤呼吸速率峰值呈逐渐降低趋势。土壤碳累积排放量呈现为U>CRU>-20%CRU>-40%CRU>CK，与U处理相比，CRU、-20%CRU和-40%CRU处理土壤碳累积排放量分别降低了21.88%、27.54%和31.51%。CRU和-20%CRU处理较U处理产量分别提高了10.57%和8.14%。相关分析结果表明土壤湿度、铵态氮（NH+4-N）、硝态氮（NO-3-N）、pH与土壤呼吸速率存在极显著相关性，微生物量碳和氮、纤维二糖水解酶、β-1,4-木糖苷酶、β-1,4-N-乙酰基氨基葡萄和α-葡糖苷酶与土壤呼吸存在极显著或显著相关性。
- Abstract:
- Taking ‘Jiamei No.8’ tomato as test material,five treatments were set up in the greenhouse,namely CK (no nitrogen fertilizer),U treatment (normal urea combined with water-soluble fertilizer),CRU treatment (controlled release nitrogen fertilizer combined with water-soluble fertilizer),-20%CRU treatment (controlled release nitrogen fertilizer reduced nitrogen by 20% combined with water-soluble fertilizer),-40% CRU treatment (controlled release nitrogen fertilizer reduced nitrogen by 40% combined with water-soluble fertilizer).The LI-8100A carbon flux measurement system was used to measure the soil respiration of the greenhouse tomato.The effects of controlled release nitrogen fertilizer and nitrogen reduction on soil respiration in greenhouse vegetable fields were studied.In order to provide a reference for reducing the application of controlled release nitrogen fertilizer to increase tomato yield and reduce soil respiration rate.The results showed that the peak soil respiration rate of each treatment in the tomato growing season appeared in 10-15 days after planting and 5 days after topdressing.Both the controlled release nitrogen fertilizer and nitrogen reduction treatments reduced the peak soil respiration rate,and with the extension growth period,the peak soil respiration rate showed a gradually decreasing trend.The cumulative emissions of soil carbon were showed U>CRU>-20%CRU>-40%CRU>CK.Compared with U treatment,the cumulative emissions of soil carbon from CRU,-20%CRU and -40%CRU treatments were reduced by 21.88%,27.54% and 31.51%,respectively.Compared with U treatment,the output of CRU and -20% CRU treatment was increased by 10.57% and 8.14%,respectively.Correlation analysis results showed that soil moisture,ammonium nitrogen (NH+4-N),nitrate nitrogen (NO-3-N),pH and soil respiration rate had extremely significant correlations,microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen,cellobiohydrolase,β-1,4-xylosidase,β-1,4-N-acetylglucosaminid and α-glucosidase had extremely significant or significant correlations with soil respiration.
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备注/Memo
第一作者简介：张磊（1995-），男，硕士研究生，研究方向为土壤养分资源与利用。E-mail:zhanglei1995zyh@163.com.责任作者：王学霞（1982-），女，博士，助理研究员，现主要从事土壤生态等研究工作。E-mail:wxx0427@163.com.基金项目：国家重点研发计划资助项目（2017YFD0200705）；北京市农林科学院院长基金资助项目（YZJJ201901）；北京市农林科学院院创新能力建设资助项目（KJCX20200419,KJCX20190401）。收稿日期：2020-08-13