LIU Jiqing,LAN Zhiqian,TIAN Xingwu,et al.Effects of Different Organic Base Fertilizers on Tomato Growth and Soil Fertility in Greenhouse[J].Northern Horticulture,2019,43(19):67-74.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20191375]
不同有机底肥对设施番茄生长和土壤肥力的影响
- Title:
- Effects of Different Organic Base Fertilizers on Tomato Growth and Soil Fertility in Greenhouse
- Keywords:
- biochar; organic modifier; biogas residue; soil fertility
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 针对宁夏设施番茄连作障碍问题日益突出，土壤可持续利用受阻的现状，以传统鸡粪底肥为对照(CK)，设置沼渣+喷施生防菌(T1)、沼渣+生防菌+有机改良剂(T2)、沼渣+生防菌+有机改良剂+生物炭(T3)、沼渣+有机改良剂+生物炭+钙(T4)4个处理，探究不同底肥施用对连作番茄土壤的修复效果。结果表明：相对传统施肥，施用生防菌剂和有机改良剂显著增加土壤有机质，速效钾含量，且生防菌显著增加根体积和根平均直径，促进地下部鲜质量增加28.68%。添加生物炭的T3和T4处理相对CK分别增加土壤全氮、有机质、速效氮和速效钾含量24.56%、113.97%、18.92%、39.44%和22.81%、100.77%、27.03%、13.96%，同时显著降低了土壤pH。相对CK，T4处理显著促进了根长、根表面积、根体积和地下部干鲜质量的增加。添加生物炭T3、T4处理综合肥力指数显著高于其它处理，CK与T1处理最低。由相关性分析得出土壤肥力与全氮、速效氮、速效钾、有机质含量呈极显著正相关，与pH呈极显著负相关。总之，沼渣、有机改良剂和生物炭均能提高土壤有机质含量，增加土壤肥力，促进植株生长，其中生物炭对土壤有机质含量的提升显著高于沼渣和有机改良剂，通过主成分分析表明，综合得分为T4>T3>T2>CK>T1。
- Abstract:
- The continuous cropping obstacle was an increasingly prominent problem for tomato production in the greenhouse in Ningxia，while it hampered the sustainable utilization of soil.The traditional chicken manure was applied as basal (control).Meanwhile，the base fertilizers treatments considered were biogas residue and biocontrol bacterium (T1)，biogas residue and biocontrol bacterium and organic modifier (T2)，biogas residue+biocontrol bacterium+organic modifier+biochar (T3)，biogas residue+organic modifier+biochar+calcium (T4)，respectively.The study aimed to explore the effects of different fertilizers on the soil quality in continuous tomato cropping in the greenhouse.The results showed that compared with CK，biocontrol bacterium and organic modifier increased the concentration of soil organic matter and available potassium.Biocontrol bacterium increased the root volume and root diameter and improved the root biomass by 28.68%.Compared to CK，both T3 and T4 increased the total nitrogen，organic matter，available nitrogen and available potassium content of soil by 24.56%，113.97%，18.92%，39.44% and 22.81%,100.77%，27.03%，13.96%，respectively.Moreover，T3 and T4 reduced soil pH.The root length，root surface area，root volume and root biomass were increased in T4 compared with CK.The comprehensive fertility indexes (CFI) of T3 and T4 were higher than other treatments，and the CFI was the lowest in CK and T1.Soil fertility had a significant positive correlation with total nitrogen，available nitrogen，available potassium and organic matter，and had a significant negative relationship with pH.In short，biogas residue，organic modifier and biochar improved increased soil organic matter content，increased soil fertility and promoted plant growth The bio-charcoal content of soil organic matter was significantly higher than that of biogas residue and organic improved.The principal component analysis showed that the comprehensive score was T4>T3>T2>CK>T1.
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备注/Memo
第一作者简介：刘吉青(1994-)，女，硕士研究生，研究方向为设施蔬菜高产栽培生理生态。E-mail：741274079@qq.com.责任作者：张雪艳(1981-)，女，博士，副教授，现主要从事设施蔬菜栽培与生理等研究工作。E-mail：zhangxueyan123@sina.com.基金项目：国家科技支撑计划资助项目（2014BAD05B02）；自治区十三五重大研发资助项目（2016BZ0902）；自治区科技创新领军人才资助项目（KJT2017001）。收稿日期：2019-04-15