[1]刘术均,刘爱群,惠成章.施用生物炭对土壤有机质及茄子根系特征和产量的影响[J].北方园艺,2018,42(01):72-76.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20173650]
　LIU Shujun,LIU Aiqun,HUI Chengzhang.Effects of Biochar on Soil Organic Matter，Root Characteristics andYield of Eggplant[J].Northern Horticulture,2018,42(01):72-76.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20173650]

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施用生物炭对土壤有机质及茄子根系特征和产量的影响

《北方园艺》[ISSN:1001-0009/CN:23-1247/S] 卷: 第42卷期数: 2018年01 页码: 72-76 栏目: 出版日期: 2018-01-10

Title:: Effects of Biochar on Soil Organic Matter，Root Characteristics andYield of Eggplant

作者:: 刘术均; 刘爱群; 惠成章; 辽宁省农业科学院，辽宁沈阳 110161

Author(s):: LIU Shujun; LIU Aiqun; HUI Chengzhang; Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences，Shenyang，Liaoning 110161

关键词:: 生物炭; 土壤pH; 根系特征; 茄子

Keywords:: biochar; soil pH; root characteristics; eggplant

DOI:: 10.11937/bfyy.20173650

文献标志码:: A

摘要:: 生物炭对土壤改良和农作物生产具有重要作用，探索施用生物炭对蔬菜作物生长过程中土壤理化性质和产量的影响是实现设施蔬菜可持续发展的一种重要策略。该研究通过在土壤中掺加不同比例的生物炭（1、2、3、4 kg?m-2），探索了生物炭对土壤pH、毛管持水量以及温室茄子不同生育时期生长性状、根系特征和产量的影响。结果表明：随着生物炭施用量的增加，土壤pH、土壤毛管持水量、土壤有机质含量逐渐增加，与对照相比，土壤pH、土壤毛管持水量、土壤有机质含量平均是对照的1.27、1.15、1.58倍；土壤中施用生物炭可有效的促进茄子根系的生长发育和产量的提高，其中，3 kg?m-2标准施用生物炭（C3处理）的茄子主根长、主根直径、总根系鲜质量和总根表面积分别是对照的 1.15、1.32、1.28倍和1.38倍，株高和茎粗分别比对照增加了32%和44%，产量提高了37%。相关系数分析结果表明，茄子产量与总根表面积相关性最高，相关系数为0.979。生物炭可以优化茄子生长的土壤理化性质并对根系形态特征和产量具有一定的促进作用。该研究为应用生物炭提高日光温室茄子产量打下了一个良好的基础。

Abstract:: Biochar plays an important role in soil improvement and crop production，it is an important strategy to realize the sustainable development of facilities vegetables to explore the influence of biochar on physical and chemical properties of soil and yield of vegetable crop.This study explored the influence of the biochar on soil pH，capillary water holding capacity，growth characteristics at different development stages，root characteristics and yield of the eggplant by adding different proportions of biochar in soil （1 kg?m-2，2 kg?m-2，3 kg?m-2，4 kg?m-2).The results showed that，soil pH，soil capillary water holding capacity and content of soil organic matter increased gradually with the increase of biochar content，the average soil pH，soil capillary moisture capacity，soil organic matter content was 1.27，1.15，1.58 times of control′s，respectively;applying biochar in soil could effectively promote the root growth and yield of eggplant，the eggplant taproot length，root diameter，total root fresh mass and root surface area of C3 treatment were 1.15,1.32，1.28 times and 1.38 times of control′s，respectively.Plant height and stem diameter increased by 32% and 44% than control，respectively，yield increased by 37%.Plant height and stem diameter than the contrast increased 1.32 times and 1.44 times respectively，the yield increased 1.37 times.The phase relationship analysis results showed that the eggplant yield had the highest correlation with the total root surface area and the correlation coefficient was 0.979.Biochar could optimize soil physical and chemical properties and had a certain role in promoting root morphological characteristics and production of the eggplant.This research laid a good foundation for the application of biochar to increase greenhouse eggplant production.

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备注/Memo

第一作者简介：刘术均（1980-)，男，硕士，助理研究员，现主要从事设施蔬菜栽培与生理等研究工作。E-mail:llssjj2000@163.com.

基金项目：2013北方设施园艺作物集成研究与示范资助项目（2013311018）。

收稿日期：2017-11-30

更新日期/Last Update: 2018-01-12