ZHOU Haonan,LIU Deyang,LANG Yishan,et al.Tomato Root Increased Nitrogen Utilization Rate by Secreting Methionine in Nitrogen Reduction Associated Mode[J].Northern Horticulture,2025,(9):44-54.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20243971]
减氮伴生模式下番茄根系通过分泌甲硫氨酸提高氮肥的利用率
- Title:
- Tomato Root Increased Nitrogen Utilization Rate by Secreting Methionine in Nitrogen Reduction Associated Mode
- 文章编号:
- 1001-0009(2025)09-0044-11
- Keywords:
- biochar; stable production efficiency; effective nitrogen content; nitrogen use efficiency; pepper
- 分类号:
- S 641.2
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 以“东农708”番茄为试材,采用大棚盆栽的方法,取连作4年番茄土壤,设单作不施氮肥对照(CK1)、伴生分蘖洋葱不施氮对照(CK2)、单作减量施氮30%(T1)、伴生分蘖洋葱减量施氮30%(T2)、单作常规施氮(T3)、伴生分蘖洋葱常规施氮(T4)共6个处理,研究不同施肥水平及伴生对番茄根际土壤根系分泌物及氮吸收利用的影响,以期为筛选氮肥高效利用的栽培模式及内在机制提供参考依据。结果表明:与不施氮对照(CK)和常规施氮T3、T4处理相比,减施氮肥T1、T2处理在土壤脲酶活性、土壤蛋白酶活性、土壤脱氢酶活性与土壤蔗糖酶活性均显著升高。T1、T2处理的氮素利用率分别高于T3、T4处理63.59%、28.48%与78.24%、57.25%。根系分泌物分析结果显示,氮肥减施30%同时伴生分蘖洋葱栽培模式下番茄根系分泌甲硫氨酸含量显著升高,通过回接验证试验证实,50~400 mmol·L-1范围内随着甲硫氨酸浓度增加对番茄促长效果越显著。综上,减氮30%及伴生分蘖洋葱栽培模式有利于提高土壤中氮转化相关酶的活性,从而提高番茄对氮肥吸收和利用,减氮伴生栽培通过提高根系分泌甲硫氨酸促进番茄氮含量和生物量显著增加。
- Abstract:
- Taking ‘Dongnong 708’ tomato as the test material,using the method of greenhouse pot,the tomato soil of continuous cultivation for 4 years was taken.There were 6 treatments,single cropping with no nitrogen fertilizer control (CK1),associated tillering onion with no nitrogen fertilizer control (CK2),single cropping with 30% nitrogen reduction (T1),associated tillering onion with 30% nitrogen reduction (T2),single cropping with conventional nitrogen application (T3),and associated tillering onion with conventional nitrogen application (T4).The effects of different fertilization levels on root exudates and nitrogen uptake and utilization of tomato rhizosphere soil were studied,in order to provide reference for screen the cultivation model and internal mechanism of efficient utilization of nitrogen fertilizer.The results showed that soil urease activity,soil protease activity,soil dehydrogenase activity and soil sucrase activity in nitrogen reduction groups T1 and T2 were significantly increased compared with CK group without nitrogen application and T3 and T4 group with conventional nitrogen application.The nitrogen use efficiency of T1 and T2 treatments was 63.59%,28.48% and 78.24%,57.25% higher than that of T3 and T4 treatments,respectively.The root secretion analysis results showed that the methionine content of tomato root secretion significantly increased in the cultivation mode of onion with tillers accompanied by a 30% reduction in nitrogen fertilizer application.The tile-back verification experiment confirmed that the growth promotion effect of tomato was more significant with the increase of methionine concentration in the range of 50 mmol·L-1 to 400 mmol·L-1.In summary,the cultivation mode of onion with 30% nitrogen reduction and associated tiller was conducive to improving the activity of enzymes related to nitrogen conversion in soil,thus improving the absorption and utilization of nitrogen fertilizer by tomato.The nitrogen content and biomass of tomato are significantly increased by increasing the secretion of methionine by root system.
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备注/Memo
第一作者简介:周浩楠(1997-),男,硕士研究生,研究方向为设施园艺蔬菜优质生产。E-mail:1191395645@qq.com.责任作者:吴瑕(1978-),女,博士,副教授,现主要从事设施园艺生理生态与蔬菜安全生产等研究工作。E-mail:wuxiaxia_2005@163.com.基金项目:国家青年自然科学基金资助项目(31801905);黑龙江省自然科学基金联合引导资助项目(LH2021C066);黑龙江省博士后科研启动资助项目(2032030270)。收稿日期:2024-10-09