YANG Bin,ZHOU Fuping,ZHANG Haiyan,et al.Effects of Different N，P and K Application on the Yield and MedicinalComponents of Salvia miltiorrhiza in Jinzhong Area[J].Northern Horticulture,2023,(12):99-105.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20223885]
不同氮磷钾配施对晋中地区丹参产量和药用成分的影响
- Title:
- Effects of Different N，P and K Application on the Yield and MedicinalComponents of Salvia miltiorrhiza in Jinzhong Area
- Keywords:
- Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge.; yield; medicinal ingredients; N; K; P fertilizer
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 以“鲁丹参1号”为试材，采用“3414”随机区组设计，研究了氮、磷、钾3 种肥料不同配施处理对丹参产量、生长性状、药用成分含量的影响，以期找到晋中地区丹参最佳经济施肥量，为丹参规范化栽培提供参考依据。结果表明：氮肥可有效促进丹参株高和根茎的生长，但过量施用氮肥会抑制丹参酮ⅡA的积累；增施钾肥可促进丹参茎粗增加，磷肥对根鲜质量影响较大。对药用成分含量影响分析得出，磷肥和钾肥可促进丹参酮ⅡA积累。从产量和经济效益来看，处理N2P3K2的肥料贡献率最高，达35.26%，增产量3 975 kg?hm-2，增收18 414元?hm-2，丹酚酸B及丹参酮ⅡA含量均达到药典标准。因此，在该试验条件下，尿素、过磷酸钙、硫酸钾在大田的施肥量分别为471.58、1 450、450 kg?hm-2。
- Abstract:
- Taking ‘Ludanshan No.1’ as experimental material and adopting ‘3414’ random block design，the effects of different combinations of N，P and K fertilizers on the yield，growth characteristics and content of medicinal components of S.miltiorrhiza were studied，in order to find the best economic fertilization amount of S.miltiorrhiza in Jinzhong Area and provide reference for the standardized cultivation of S.miltiorrhiza.The results showed that nitrogen fertilizer could effectively promote the growth of plant height and rhizome of S.miltiorrhiza, but excessive application of nitrogen fertilizer would inhibit the accumulation of tanshinone Ⅱ A.The application of potassium fertilizer could promote the increase of stem diameter of S.miltiorrhiza，and the application of phosphorus fertilizer had a great effect on the fresh weight of roots.The analysis of the influence on the content of medicinal components showed that phosphate fertilizer and potassium fertilizer could promote the accumulation of tanshinoneⅡA.From the perspective of yield and economic benefits，the fertilizer contribution rate of N2P3K2 treatment was the highest，reaching 35.26%，the increased yield was 3 975 kg?hm-2，the increased income was 18 414 RMB?hm-2，and the content of Salvianolic acid B and tanshinoneⅡA reached the pharmacopoeia standard.Therefore，under this experimental condition，the amount of urea，calcium superphosphate and potassium sulfate applied in the field was 471.58 kg?hm-2，1 450 kg?hm-2 and 450 kg?hm-2 respectively.
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备注/Memo
第一作者简介：杨彬（1985-），女，本科，助理研究员，现主要从事作物育种栽培等研究工作。E-mail：281448991@qq.com.基金项目：山西省农业科学院科技创新研究课题优秀青年基金资助项目（YCX2020YQ17）。收稿日期：2022-09-21