ZHONG Weimin,HUANG Yaxin,TANG Dongmei,et al.Adaptability Comparison of Twenty of Introduced Kiwifruit Varieties in Central Guizhou[J].Northern Horticulture,2021,(08):29-37.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20203076]
黔中地区二十个猕猴桃品种引种适应性比较
- Title:
- Adaptability Comparison of Twenty of Introduced Kiwifruit Varieties in Central Guizhou
- Keywords:
- kiwifruit; introduction; Guizhou; fruit quality; adaptability
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 以20个猕猴桃优良品种为试材，观测不同品种物候期、结果习性、果实外观和内在品质指标，综合评价不同品种在贵阳地区的适应性，以期筛选出适宜黔中地区气候和综合性状优良的猕猴桃品种供生产中推广应用。结果表明：20个品种在试验区内均能完成整个生育周期，能正常结实，年际间差异性较小；“金怡”的盛花期最早，软枣猕猴桃“红宝石星”“魁绿”果实成熟时间最早，其余品种果实成熟时间在9月中下旬以后；供试品种表现出良好的结果习性，但对溃疡病抗性存在一定差异，其中“紫玉”“楚红”“翠玉”“金魁”表现良好的丰产性能，4份软枣猕猴桃溃疡病抗性均为高抗，“金魁”“徐香”“翠玉”“魁蜜”“金阳”及“玉玲珑”的溃疡病抗性较强。供试品种的果实外观和内在品质表现存在差异，“金魁”“徐香”“魁绿”“金怡”“翠玉”和“楚红”的可溶性固形物含量高达165%以上，风味酸甜且香气中浓，“玉玲珑”可溶性糖和维生素C含量最高，果肉细腻。综合评价猕猴桃品种溃疡病抗性、果实品质并考虑结果特性、成熟期及果肉颜色类型等指标，中华猕猴桃“金怡”（早熟，黄肉）、“楚红”（早熟，红肉）和“翠玉”（中熟，绿肉），美味猕猴桃“徐香”（中熟，绿肉）和“金魁”（中晚熟，绿肉）适宜在黔中地区推广；软枣猕猴桃“魁绿”（极早熟、绿肉）、“红宝石星”（极早熟、红肉）、“紫玉”（极早熟、红肉）和毛花猕猴桃“玉玲珑”（晚熟，绿肉）适宜作为特色品种。
- Abstract:
- Twenty excellent kiwifruit varieties were planted in Guiyang area.The indexes of phenological period,fruiting habit,fruit appearance and intrinsic quality of different varieties were comprehensively evaluated,their performance was observed,in order to select kiwifruit varieties suitable for the climate and comprehensive traits in the middle of Guizhou for promotion and application in production.The results showed that 20 varieties could complete the entire growth cycle in the test area,and could produce fruit normally,with small inter-annual differences.The flowering period of ‘Jinyi’ were the earliest,and the ripening time of the Actinidia arguta ‘Ruby Star’ and ‘Kuilyu’ was the earliest,and the ripening time of the remaining varieties was after mid to late September.The tested varieties showed good fruiting habits,but there was a certain difference in resistance to kiwifruit canker disease,of which ‘Ziyu’ ‘Chuhong’ ‘Cuiyu’,and ‘Jinkui’ showed good high-yield performance,4 copies the Actinidia arguta kiwifruit canker disease resistance were high resistance,‘Jinkui’‘Xuxiang’‘Cuiyu’‘Kuimi’‘Jinyang’ and ‘Yulinglong’ were more resistant to kiwifruit canker disease.There were differences in the appearance and intrinsic quality performance of the tested varieties.The soluble solid contents of ‘Jinkui’‘Xuxiang’‘Kuilyu’‘Jinyi’‘Cuiyu’ and ‘Chuhong’ were as high as above 165%,the flavor was sweet and sour,and the aroma was strong.The contents of soluble sugar and vitamin C in ‘Yulinglong’ were the highest,and the flesh was delicate.Comprehensive evaluation of resistance to kiwifruit canker disease,fruit quality of kiwifruit varieties and consideration of indicators such as fruiting characteristics,Actinidia chinensis Planch ‘Jinyi’ (early ripening,yellow meat),‘Chuhong’ (early ripening,red meat) and ‘Cuiyu’ (medium ripening,green meat), Actinidia chinensis var.‘Xuxiang’ (medium ripeing,green meat) and ‘Jinkui’(middle-late cooked,green meat) were suitable for popularization in the middle of Guizhou;Actinidia arguta kiwifruit ‘Kuilyu’ (very early ripening,green flesh),‘Ruby Star’ (very early ripening,red flesh) and ‘Ziyu’ (very early ripening,red flesh) and Actinidia eriantha Benth.‘Yulinglong’ (late ripening,green meat) suitable as a characteristic variety.
参考文献/References:
[1]仲伟敏,齐勇,唐冬梅,等.野生猕猴桃实生后代株系对溃疡病的抗性及果实品质[J].贵州农业科学,2020,48(1):92-98.[2]黄宏文.猕猴桃属分类资源驯化栽培[M].北京:科学出版社,2013.[3]龙友华,张承,吴小毛,等.10个猕猴桃品种在贵州主产区的引种表现[J].贵州农业科学,2015,43(7):5-8.[4]韩振成,张辉,李苇洁,等.六个猕猴桃品种在六盘水市的品比试验[J].北方园艺,2017(12):15-20.[5]胡世荣.猕猴桃种质资源描述规范和数据标准[M].北京:科学出版社,2014.[6]葛翠莲,刘科鹏,曲雪艳,等.不同类型猕猴桃果实发育过程中糖、酸和Vc含量的动态变化[J].农业科学与技术(英文版),2013,14(12):1772-1774.[7]孙德祥,何尚仁.多元分析方法及其应用[M].银川:宁夏人民出版社,1989.[8]施春晖,王晓庆,骆军,等.上海地区15个猕猴桃品种引种适应性比较[J].上海交通大学学报(农业科学版),2014,32(3):1-6.[9]钱亚明,赵密珍,于红梅,等.5个猕猴桃品种在江苏地区的引种表现[J].江苏农业科学,2017,4(22):143-145.[10]王涛,张计育,王刚,等.4个猕猴桃品种在南京地区引种栽培表现[J].中国南方果树,2018,47(2):130-132.[11]庞一波,潘仙鹏,刘守平,等.台州地区猕猴桃不同品种的果实品质表现[J].江苏农业科学,2019,47(12):169-172.[12]李秀娟,牛娜,张永平,等.汉中猕猴桃不同品种生物学特性观察[J].西北园艺,2018(2):31-33.
相似文献/References:
[1]江龙龙,苏雪,王瑞雪,等.早春观赏植物维西堇菜引种栽培试验[J].北方园艺,2013,37(04):61.
[2]张立微,李小梅,戴忠仁,等.芫荽新品种引种比较试验[J].北方园艺,2014,38(13):44.
ZHANG Li-wei,LI Xiao-mei,DAI Zhong-ren,et al.The Compared Experiment of Coriander New Varieties Introduction[J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(08):44.
[3]张 浩,周会玲,张晓晓,等.“金香”猕猴桃果实冷藏最适温度研究[J].北方园艺,2014,38(13):126.
ZHANG Hao,ZHOU Hui-ling,ZHANG Xiao-xiao,et al.The Researches of Optimum Temperature of ‘Jinxiang’ Kiwifruit During Cold Storage[J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(08):126.
[4]王江波,王合理,吴翠云,等.十个引种红枣品种的抗寒性比较研究[J].北方园艺,2014,38(12):18.
WANG Jiang-bo,WANG He-li,WU Cui-yun,et al.Comparative Study on Cold Resistance of Ten Varieties of Introduced Ziziphus jujuba Mill.[J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(08):18.
[5]金方伦,敖学熙,张发维,等.中华猕猴桃结果蔓上果实节位与生长发育动态分析[J].北方园艺,2014,38(13):15.
JIN Fang-lun,AO Xue-xi,ZHANG Fa-wei,et al.Analysis on the Growth and Development Dynamic of the Kiwi Fruit[J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(08):15.
[6]赵俊侠,田小曼.新西兰猕猴桃管理经验对我国果业发展的启示[J].北方园艺,2014,38(11):167.
ZHAO Jun-xia,TIAN Xiao-man.The Inspiration From New Zealand Kiwi Fruit Management Experience on the Chinese Fruit Industry[J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(08):167.
[7]金方伦,冯世华,张发维,等.不同留果量对中华猕猴桃后熟期果实品质的影响[J].北方园艺,2014,38(10):26.
JIN Fang-lun,FENG Shi-hua,ZHANG Fa-wei,et al.Effect of Different Fruit Retaining on Fruit Quality of Kiwi at Maturation Period[J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(08):26.
[8]郑春雨,程英魁,杨〓雪,等.郁金香在北方寒地冬季引种栽培研究[J].北方园艺,2013,37(22):64.
ZHENG Chun-yu,CHENG Ying-kui,YANG Xue,et al.Study on Introduction and Cultivation of Tulip in the Northern Winter[J].Northern Horticulture,2013,37(08):64.
[9]张冬菊,张 晓,吴鹏夫,等.基于层次分析法的切花菊引种适应性评价[J].北方园艺,2013,37(22):82.
ZHANG Dong-ju,ZHANG Xiao,WU Peng-fu,et al.Introduction Adaptability Evaluation of Cut Chrysanthemum Based on Analytic Hierarchy Process[J].Northern Horticulture,2013,37(08):82.
[10]牛来春,万珠珠,樊佳奇,等.野生观赏植物乌饭树的引种栽培试验[J].北方园艺,2013,37(13):73.
NIU Lai-chun,WAN Zhu-zhu,FAN Jia-qi,et al.Introduction and Cultivation Test of the Wild Ornamental of Vaccinium[J].Northern Horticulture,2013,37(08):73.
[11]金方伦,黎 明,韩成敏,等.五个猕猴桃新品种的引进筛选研究[J].北方园艺,2011,35(04):0.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201104004]
JIN Fang-ltm,LI Ming,HAN Cheng-ming,et al.Study of the Screening and introducing of 5 Kiwi New Species Cultivars[J].Northern Horticulture,2011,35(08):0.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201104004]
备注/Memo
第一作者简介：仲伟敏（1986-），女，硕士，助理研究员，现主要从事喀斯特山地果树资源利用等研究工作。E-mail：zhongweimin9668@163.com.责任作者：唐冬梅（1971-），女，博士，副研究员，现主要从事喀斯特山地果树资源利用等研究工作。E-mail：tdmemail@126.com.基金项目：贵州省科技计划资助项目（黔科合支撑[2016]2528号）；贵州省农业科学院专项资助项目（黔农科院院专项[2013]014号）；2019贵州省科技厅科研机构创新能力建设专项资金资助项目（黔科合服企[2019]4002）。收稿日期：2020-07-21