Tana,CUI Yanwei,KIYOSHI Ozawa,et al.Effect of Planting Density,Irrigation Intensity and Nitrogen Application on Pumpkin Yield in Northern Semi-arid Region[J].Northern Horticulture,2016,40(13):1-5.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201613001]
北方半干旱区不同水氮供应及种植密度对小南瓜产量的影响
- Title:
- Effect of Planting Density,Irrigation Intensity and Nitrogen Application on Pumpkin Yield in Northern Semi-arid Region
- Keywords:
- pumpkin; yield; density; irrigation intensities; nitrogen application
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 小南瓜是北方半干旱区增加经济产值的适生作物之一。该试验以日本“赤甘栗”小南瓜品种为试材,在3种密度(1 666、2 500、5 000株?hm-2)、2个灌溉量(3~4、6~8 mm?d-1)和4个牛粪氮添加水平(N 25、50、75、100 kg?hm-2)处理下进行大田试验,研究不同水、氮供应及种植密度对小南瓜产量的影响。结果表明:在中密度和高密度栽培下,小南瓜产量会随着氮添加量的增加而增加,但未受灌溉量的影响,但水分生产率会随着灌溉量增加而降低;在低密度栽培下灌溉量和氮添加量的增加都会导致小南瓜产量的增加,且水分生产率随着氮的提高会相应提高但未受灌溉量的影响;内蒙古半干旱地区春末夏季气候有利于小南瓜的种植,在定植密度为1 667株?hm-2时,随氮肥的提高小南瓜产量及水分生产率均可增加,在3~4、6~8 mm?d-1 灌溉水平下小南瓜产量分别为6.99、15.34 t?hm-2。
- Abstract:
- Pumpkin is one of suitable crops for increasing economic output in northern semi-arid region.Pumpkin variation ‘Red sweet chestnut’ was planted under three planting densities(1 666 plants?hm-2,2 500 plants?hm-2,5 000 plants?hm-2), two irrigation intensities(3-4 and 6-8 mm?day-1),and four cow dung application levels(nitrogen 25,50,75,100 kg?hm-2)in fields to evaluate the effects of planting density,irrigation amount and cow dung nitrogen application on pumpkin yield.The results showed that yield increased linearly as nitrogen application increased in plots of planting density 2 500 and 5 000 plants?hm-2,where yield difference between irrigation intensities was not found and water productivity was more in irrigation intensity 4.2 mm?day-1 than in 8.3 mm?day-1.In the plot of planting density 1 666 plants?hm-2,water productivity increased linearly as nitro application increased,where water productivity difference between irrigation intensities was not found.It was concluded that with the increasing of nitrogen application,pumpkin yield and water productivity increased linearly under planting density of 1 666 plants?hm-2.Under the irrigation intensity of 4.2 and 8.3 mm?day-1,pumpkin yield reached to 6.99 t?hm-2 and 15.34 t?hm-2,respectively.
参考文献/References:
[1]张俊花.冀西北高原南瓜光水资源利用研究[D].保定:河北农业大学,2009. [2]李会彬,赵玉靖,王丽宏,等.冀西北高原食用南瓜平衡施肥研究[J].北方园艺,2013(13):197-199. [3]刘世全,曹红霞,张建青,等.不同水氮供应对小南瓜根系生长、产量和水氮利用效率的影响[J].中国农业科学,2014,47(7):1362-1371. [4]薛吉全,张仁和,马国胜,等.种植密度、氮肥和水分胁迫对玉米产量形成的影响[J].作物学报,2010,36(6):1022-1029. [5]李向岭.生态因素对玉米产量性能的调控效应及其模型的构建[D].沈阳:沈阳农业大学,2011. [6]郭琛,侯振安,程诚,等.不同水、氮和密度对杂交棉生长和产量的影响[J].新疆农垦科技,2010(3):3-6. [7]郭丙玉,高慧,唐诚,等.水肥互作对滴灌玉米氮素吸收、水氮利用效率及产量的影响[J].应用生态学报,2015,26(12):3679-3686. [8]李孟洁,李红兵,王林林,等.水氮耦合对小麦旗叶光合特性及籽粒产量的影响[J].西北农业学报,2015,24(6):34-40. [9]谭华,邹成林,郑德波,等.施肥水平与种植密度对玉米产量和氮素利用的效应[J].中国农学通报,2014,30(21):177-182. [10]燕晓娟,张岁岐,王宗仁,等.半干旱地区不同年代冬小麦品种根系生长和水分利用效率对种植密度的响应[J].水土保持研究,2013,20(6):32-36. [11]刘茂祥,王林,王振东.浅析水稻节水灌溉技术适宜控制的方法[J].水利与建筑工程学报,2005,3(2):56-57. [12]崔远来,熊佳.灌溉水利用效率指标研究进展[J].水科学进展,2009,20(4):590-598. [13]鱼欢,邬华松,王之杰.利用SPAD和Dualex快速、无损诊断玉米氮素营养状况[J].作物学报,2010,36(5):840-847. [14]窦超银,于秀琴,于景春.控制灌溉条件下种植密度对玉米中地77生长和耗水的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2013,31(2):141-145. [15]KIYOSHI O.Regulation of plant water and fertilizer absorption due to roots grown in sub-soil[R].Tohoko National Agricultural Experiment Station,1998. [16]杜少平,马忠明,薛亮.旱砂田补灌水氮互作对西瓜产量、品质及水氮利用的影响[J].应用生态学报,2015,26(12):3715-3722.
相似文献/References:
[1]周剑,李天来,刘义玲,等.雾培对网纹甜瓜生长和产量及品质的影响[J].北方园艺,2013,37(04):16.
[2]杨 启,马茂亭,赵丽平,等.不同施氮处理对芸豆产量和品质的影响[J].北方园艺,2014,38(13):176.
YANG Qi,MA Mao-ting,ZHAO Li-ping,et al.Effect of Different Nitrogen Fertilizer Treatments on Yield and Quality of Greenhouse Kidney Bean[J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(13):176.
[3]张 浩,李福云,徐志然,等.不同套作模式对温室连作番茄生长产量及土壤微生物与酶活性的影响[J].北方园艺,2014,38(13):46.
ZHANG Hao,LI Fu-yun,XU Zhi-ran,et al.Effects of Different Relay Intercropping Patterns on Continuous Cropping Tomato Growth,Yield and Soil Microflora and Enzymes Activities in Solar Greenhouse[J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(13):46.
[4]杨小梅,王海亭.高寒地区番茄不同栽培密度对产量的影响[J].北方园艺,2014,38(11):40.
YANG Xiao-mei,WANG Hai-ting.Effect of Different Planting Density on the Yield of Tomato in Alpine Region[J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(13):40.
[5]杨会芳,梁新安,常介田,等.叶面喷施硒肥对不同蔬菜硒富集及产量的影响[J].北方园艺,2014,38(11):158.
YANG Hui-fang,LIANG Xin-an,CHANG Jie-tian,et al.Effects of Foliar Spraying of Selenium Fertilizer on Selenium Enrichment of Different Vegetables and Yield[J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(13):158.
[6]徐惠风,魏龙雪,高志新,等.种植密度对蓝蓟光合特性和产量的影响[J].北方园艺,2014,38(10):1.
XU Hui-feng,WEI Long-xue,GAO Zhi-xin,et al.Effect of Plant Density on Photosynthetic Characters and Yield of Echium vulgare [J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(13):1.
[7]王丽霞,卢凤刚,郝建博,等.不同育苗基质对秋葵生长发育及产量的影响[J].北方园艺,2014,38(10):16.
WANG Li-xia,LU Feng-gang,HAO Jian-bo,et al.Effect of Different Seedling Substrates on Growth and Yield of Okra[J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(13):16.
[8]韩春梅,李春龙,叶少平,等.不同栽培模式下生姜品质及经济效益的比较研究[J].北方园艺,2013,37(22):41.
HAN Chun-mei,LI Chun-long,YE Shao-ping,et al.Comparative Study on the Quality and Economic Benefit of Ginger Under Different Cultivated Patterns[J].Northern Horticulture,2013,37(13):41.
[9]赵志顺,逄振茹.不同覆土材料对双孢蘑菇子实体生长的影响[J].北方园艺,2014,38(10):136.
ZHAO Zhi-shun,PANG Zhen-ru.Effect of Different Casing Soil Material on Fruitbody Growth of Agaricus bisporus [J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(13):136.
[10]肖庆红,马 倩,张 燕,等.S-诱抗素和新奥霉素在日光温室番茄栽培上的应用研究[J].北方园艺,2013,37(22):53.
XIAO Qing-hong,MA Qian,ZHANG Yan,et al.Study on S-auxin and Xinaomycin in Tomato Cultivation in Solar Greenhouse[J].Northern Horticulture,2013,37(13):53.
备注/Memo
第一作者简介:塔娜(1980-),女,硕士,助理研究员,研究方向为草地生态与饲料科学。E-mail:Tana_1980@163.com.责任作者:王海(1981-),男,硕士,助理研究员,研究方向为草地管理与生态评价。Email:grassland302@aliyun.com.基金项目:中日合作资助项目。