WANG Rongli,WANG Qian,CAO Xinran.Effect of Different Mulching Treatments on Soil Physical Characteristics and Leaves in Apple Orchard[J].Northern Horticulture,2015,39(24):163-166.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201524044]
不同覆盖方式对土壤物理性状和苹果叶片的影响
- Title:
- Effect of Different Mulching Treatments on Soil Physical Characteristics and Leaves in Apple Orchard
- Keywords:
- apple orchard; polypropylene film mulching; soil moisture content; leaf quality; photosynthetic rate
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 以2年生“红富士”苹果为试材，对比分析了不同覆盖方式（园艺地布、黑地膜、秸秆覆盖及清耕对照）对土壤含水量、容重和叶片百叶重、叶绿素含量及树体净光合速率的差异。结果表明：不同处理土壤含水量明显高于清耕对照，且地布覆盖>地膜覆盖>秸秆覆盖。3种覆盖处理均能显著降低土壤容重，其中秸秆覆盖效果最为明显。不同覆盖处理较对照显著提高百叶干重，秸秆覆盖和地布覆盖显著提高总叶绿素含量。地布覆盖、地膜覆盖、秸秆覆盖的净光合速率Pn日变化曲线为单峰型，清耕对照的日变化曲线为双峰型。综合分析，旱地苹果园树盘覆盖均可以改善土壤和树体状况，其中园艺地布覆盖的效果最好。
- Abstract:
- Taking 2-year-old ‘Fuji’ apple trees (Malus pumila Mill) as test material，the effect of different ground cover teratments(polypropylene film mulching,plastic film mulching,straw mulching,cleaning tillage) on soil moisture content and bulk density of the orchard soil，dry weight of per hundred leaves，average content of chlorophyll and photosynthetic rate (Pn) was studied.The results showed that the mass soil moisture content of mulching managements was significantly higher compared with the cleaning tillage.The order was polypropylene film mulching>plastic film mulching>straw mulching>the cleaning tillage.Three different mulching treatments all had the obviously effect on reduce the soil bulk density and the method of straw mulching gave the best result.Ground cover treatments could greatly increase the dry weight of per hundred leaves，while straw mulching and polypropylene film mulching could signally improve the total chlorophyll content.Compared with the double peak curve which were observed on the diurnal changes of Pn for cleaning tillage treatment，the polypropylene film mulching，straw mulching and plastic film showed single peak curve.In conclude,the results indicated that different mulching managements could improve both soil and apple tree characteristics,among which polypropylene film mulching was the most efficient.
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备注/Memo
第一作者简介：王荣莉（1967-），女，农艺师，现主要从事果树栽培技术研究工作。E-mail：xfyy668@163.com.基金项目：陕西省科技统筹资助项目(2011KTZB02-02)。