[1]张银霞,王 锐.滴灌量对砂质土壤酿酒葡萄光合及生长的影响[J].北方园艺,2015,39(03):1-5.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201503001]
　ZHANG Yin-xia,WANG Rui.Effect of Drip Irrigation Volume on the Wine Grapes Photosynthetic Characteristics and Growth in Sandy Soil[J].Northern Horticulture,2015,39(03):1-5.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201503001]
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滴灌量对砂质土壤酿酒葡萄光合及生长的影响

《北方园艺》[ISSN:1001-0009/CN:23-1247/S] 卷: 第39卷 期数: 2015年03 页码: 1-5 栏目: 出版日期: 2015-02-15
Title:
Effect of Drip Irrigation Volume on the Wine Grapes Photosynthetic Characteristics and Growth in Sandy Soil
作者:
张银霞; 王 锐
（宁夏大学 农学院，宁夏 银川 750021）
Author(s):
ZHANG Yin-xia; WANG Rui
(Agricultural College，Ningxia University，Yinchuan，Ningxia 750021)
关键词:
滴灌量; 光合特征; 酿酒葡萄; 砂质土壤
Keywords:
drip irrigation; photosynthetic characteristics; wine grapes; sandy soil
DOI:
10.11937/bfyy.201503001
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
在砂质土壤上，灌溉量是影响酿酒葡萄长势和产量的重要因素之一。为掌握滴灌量对酿酒葡萄生长发育的影响，以6年生“蛇龙珠”酿酒葡萄品种为试材，设置滴灌处理T1、T2、T3、T4分别为3 000、4 500、6 000、7 500 m3/hm2，以传统沟灌（13 500 m3/hm2）为对照，测定和分析了各处理对砂质土壤酿酒葡萄光合特征、长势和产量的影响。结果表明：小水滴灌（T2）和胁迫滴灌（T1）下葡萄长势最差，其次为传统沟灌（CK）和大水滴灌（T4），生长指标最旺盛的为适水滴灌（T3）；酿酒葡萄光合特征日变化规律基本相似，各指标大小顺序均为T3>T4>T2>CK>T1；葡萄产量高低与葡萄长势呈正相关，随着滴灌量增加，葡萄含糖量降低，传统沟灌（CK）含糖量最低；砂质土壤上适水滴灌（T3）6 000 m3/hm2的滴灌量既能维持酿酒葡萄的健康生长，而且能达到高产的情况下品质不降低。
Abstract:
In arid sandy soil，irrigation is one of the most important factors that affect the wine grapes growth and production.For the purpose of mastering the impact of drip irrigation on the wine grapes growth and production，taking 6-year-old‘Cabernet Gernischt’of wine grape variety as material，T1，T2，T3 and T4 four kinds of drip irrigation volume(3 000，4 500，6 000，7 500 m3/hm2) and CK (traditional furrow irrigation 13 500 m3/hm2) were respectively designed in a vineyard.For the purpose of mastering the relationship between drip irrigation volume and wine grape growth，wine grape shoots，SPAD values，yield and photosynthetic characteristics were measured.The results showed that,the grape shoots under stress drip irrigation and small water drip irrigation were the shortest，and then followed by the traditional furrow irrigation and flood drip irrigation，the most vigorous shoots was the appropriate water drip irrigation treatment.T3 treatment SPAD value was the highest，and followed by T2，T4，and CK，but they had no significant difference，T1 treatment was the smallest，the fresh weight of 100 leaves had the same similar regularity with SPAD value.Wine grapes photosynthetic characteristics diurnal variations were similar.The net photosynthetic rate (Pn) diurnal variation showed a level of bimodal curve，the peak value appeared at 12:00，and had a dormancy at 14:00，and then had a small peak value，and the (Pn) order was T3>T4>T2>CK>T1.Transpiration rate (E) diurnal variation showed a parabolic distribution and vertex situated at 14:00.The (E) order was consistent with the (Pn) diurnal changes.Changes in stomatal conductance (Gs) showed a downward trend，and the intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci) variation was precisely opposite to the transpiration rate (E) that showed an inverted parabolic profile，the lowest point was in 14:00，the (Ci) order was T3>T4>T2>CK>T1.Grape production had a positive correlation with grape growth，and grape sugar content decreased with drip irrigation increased，the traditional furrow irrigation (CK) sugar content was the minimum.The quality of photosynthetic characteristics and growth indicators could significantly reflect through the irrigation volume.Under optimal wine grape plant physiological indexes，the corresponding production was also the maximum.While CK had the largest irrigation volume，it had lower unit water use efficiency and lower yield，T1 treatment had the worst grape growing，the analogous production was the lowest.The 6 000 m3/hm2 drip volume on the sandy soil not only could keep the wine grape healthy growth，but also had a good quality and high yield.

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备注/Memo

第一作者简介：张银霞(1979-)，女，博士，讲师，现主要从事作物遗传育种等教学和科研工作。E-mail：zyinxia2008@126.com.基金项目：“十二五”国家科技支撑计划资助项目（2013BAD09B02）。

更新日期/Last Update: 2015-02-27