[1]韩立军,崔爱辉,邵玺文.种植密度对黄芩生育性状和产量的影响[J].北方园艺,2015,39(02):141-144.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201502041]
　HAN Li-jun,CUI Ai-hui,SHAO Xi-wen.Effect of Planting Density on Growing Development Traits and Yield of Scutellaria baicalensis[J].Northern Horticulture,2015,39(02):141-144.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201502041]

点击复制

种植密度对黄芩生育性状和产量的影响

《北方园艺》[ISSN:1001-0009/CN:23-1247/S] 卷: 第39卷期数: 2015年02 页码: 141-144 栏目: 出版日期: 2015-01-30

Title:: Effect of Planting Density on Growing Development Traits and Yield of Scutellaria baicalensis

作者:: 韩立军1; 崔爱辉2; 邵玺文3; （1.吉林农业大学教学实验场，吉林长春 130118；2.辉南县植保站，吉林辉南 135100；3.吉林农业大学农学院，吉林长春 130118）

Author(s):: HAN Li-jun1; CUI Ai-hui2; SHAO Xi-wen3; （1.Teaching Experimental Field，Jilin Agricultural University,Changchun，Jilin 130118；2.Huinan County Plant Protection Unit，Huinan，Jilin 135100；3.Agronomy College，Jilin Agricultural University,Changchun，Jilin 130118）

关键词:: 黄芩; 产量; 种植密度

Keywords:: Scutellaria baicalensis; yield; planting density

DOI:: 10.11937/bfyy.201502041

文献标志码:: A

摘要:: 以1年生黄芩为试材，研究了不同种植密度对1年生黄芩产量和干物质分配的影响，以明确人工栽培黄芩最适种植密度。结果表明：种植密度对植株茎高以及主茎分枝数的影响不显著；对茎粗和根长的影响较为明显，呈处理Ⅴ（株距20cm）>处理Ⅳ（株距16cm）>处理Ⅲ（株距12cm）>处理Ⅱ（株距10cm）>处理Ⅰ（株距5cm）；随着种植密度的增大，根变细，叉根数增多，根外观品质变差。一定范围内增大种植密度，黄芩群体单位面积根重、地上面积干重以及根冠比均明显提高，说明提高种植密度是增加黄芩产量的有效措施；单株根重和单株地上部分干重则随种植密度的增加而减少，表现为处理Ⅴ>处理Ⅳ>处理Ⅲ>处理Ⅱ>处理Ⅰ；种植密度对根、茎、叶黄酮量的影响表现为根部黄酮量处理Ⅱ>处理Ⅲ>处理Ⅰ>处理Ⅳ>处理Ⅴ，茎部黄酮量处理Ⅲ>处理Ⅱ>处理Ⅰ>处理Ⅳ>处理Ⅴ，叶部黄酮量处理Ⅱ>处理Ⅲ>处理Ⅳ>处理Ⅴ>处理Ⅰ。人工种植黄芩适当密植，协调好个体与群体、地上部分与地下部分的关系，促使器官物质合理分配，并最大程度的利用光、温、水、气、肥等自然环境条件，是黄芩获得高产优质最重要的技术手段。

Abstract:: The annual Scutellaria baicalensis cultivars were used to study the effects of planting density on yields and dry matter distribution，and to determine the most suitable planting density for the artificial cultivation of Scutellaria baicalensis.The results showed that the planting destiny had no significantly effect on the main stem branching numbers and stem height.However，it had significantly on stem diameter and root length，and showed a trend of Ⅴ(row spacing 20cm)>Ⅳ(row spacing 16cm)>Ⅲ(row spacing 12cm)>Ⅱ(row spacing 10cm)>Ⅰ(row spacing 5cm).The numbers of forked blade root had increased and the root had become slender with the increase of planting destiny，while the appearance quality of root had become poor.Group root weight，the floor area of dry weight and the root canopy ratio improved significantly with the increasing of planting destiny in certain range.The results showed that raised the planting destiny were the effective step to increasing the yield of Scutellaria baicalensis.With the increasing of planting destiny，the root weight and floor area of dry weight of per plant decreased，and showed a tread of Ⅴ>Ⅳ>Ⅲ>Ⅱ>Ⅰ；the effect of planting density on flavonoids content of root，stem and leaf，flavonoids content of root showed Ⅱ>Ⅲ>Ⅰ>IV>Ⅴ，flavonoids content of stem showed Ⅲ>Ⅱ>Ⅰ>IV>Ⅴ，flavonoids content of leaf Ⅱ>Ⅲ>Ⅳ>V>Ⅰ.In a word，proper density；coordinate the relationship between individual and group and the relationship between the ground part and underground part；prompt organ material distribution rationally and the best utilize of natural environment，such as light，temperature，water，CO2，fertilizer were the most important steps to achieved high yield and superior quality of Scutellaria baicalensis.

参考文献/References:

[1]国家药典委员会.中华人民共和国药典.一部[S].北京:中国医药科技出版社,2010:282.

[2]张建春,张华,施瑛,等.黄芩苷的研究近况[J].时珍国医国药,2005,16(3):247.

[3]杨全,白音,陈千良,等.黄芩资源现状及可持续利用的研究[J].时珍国医国药,2006,17(7):1159-1164.

[4]Xiao C W,Zhou G S.Effect of simulated precipitation change on growth,gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence of Caragana intermedia in Maowusus and land[J].Chinese Joumal of Applied Ecology,2001,12(5):692-696.

[5]安瑜,王旭鹏,赵建军.宁夏六盘山栽培黄芩适宜采收期研究[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2013,19(13)：161-167.

[6]胡德奇,刘志梅,张建军,等.辽宁省朝阳地区黄芩与市售黄芩、黄芩苷含量比较[J].中国保健营养,2012(6):5-10.

[7]薛黎明,秦雪梅,张丽增.不同产地黄芩药材的黄芩苷含量测定及指纹图谱研究[J].中成药,2008,30(1):10-16.

[8]Wu S J,Sun A L,Liu R M,et al.Separation and purification of baicalin and wogonoside from Chinese medicine plant Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi by high-speed counter-current chromatography[J].Journal of Chromatography A,2005,1066(1-2)：243-247.

[9]曹鲜艳,王渭玲,徐福利,等.黄芩干物质累积和氮磷钾吸收、分配规律研究[J].植物科学学报,2012,30(1):79-84.

[10]曹鲜艳,徐福利,王渭玲,等.氮磷钾对黄芩生长与有效成分累积的影响[J].中国土壤与肥料,2012(2):56-61.

[11]何军,李小燕,张晓虎.N、P、K 配方施肥对 1 年生黄芩生长的影响[J].安徽农业科学,2012,40(2):758-760.

[12]邵玺文,韩梅,韩忠明,等.不同供水量处理黄芩WUE与生理生态因子的关系[J].灌溉排水学报,2006,26(3):49-52.

[13]Chen Q,Zhang H Y,Tang L L,et al.Effects of water and nitrogen supply on spinach(Spinacia oleracea L.)[J].Pedosphere,2002,12:171-178.

[14]王秀敏,邓英杰,中海军,等.河北怀柔栽培黄芩最佳采收期研究[J].中成药,2005,2(1):5-9.

[15]李滨,都晓伟,张丽萍,等.黄芩栽培质量的动态研究[J].中医药学报,1999,27(1):451.

[16]张齐家,王启迪.不同生长年限黄芩中黄芩苷含量测定[J].中医药学报,1998,26(5):351.

[17]刘金花,李佳,张永清.黄芩植株光合特性初步研究[J].中草药,2009,40(6):961-964.

[18]邵玺文,韩梅,韩忠明,等.不同生境条件下黄芩光合日变化与环境因子的关系[J].生态学报,2009,29(3):1470-1477.

[19]郭巧生.药用植物栽培学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2004.

相似文献/References:

[1]周剑,李天来,刘义玲,等.雾培对网纹甜瓜生长和产量及品质的影响[J].北方园艺,2013,37(04):16.
[2]杨启,马茂亭,赵丽平,等.不同施氮处理对芸豆产量和品质的影响[J].北方园艺,2014,38(13):176.
　YANG Qi,MA Mao-ting,ZHAO Li-ping,et al.Effect of Different Nitrogen Fertilizer Treatments on Yield and Quality of Greenhouse Kidney Bean[J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(02):176.
[3]张浩,李福云,徐志然,等.不同套作模式对温室连作番茄生长产量及土壤微生物与酶活性的影响[J].北方园艺,2014,38(13):46.
　ZHANG Hao,LI Fu-yun,XU Zhi-ran,et al.Effects of Different Relay Intercropping Patterns on Continuous Cropping Tomato Growth，Yield and Soil Microflora and Enzymes Activities in Solar Greenhouse[J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(02):46.
[4]杨小梅,王海亭.高寒地区番茄不同栽培密度对产量的影响[J].北方园艺,2014,38(11):40.
　YANG Xiao-mei,WANG Hai-ting.Effect of Different Planting Density on the Yield of Tomato in Alpine Region[J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(02):40.
[5]杨会芳,梁新安,常介田,等.叶面喷施硒肥对不同蔬菜硒富集及产量的影响[J].北方园艺,2014,38(11):158.
　YANG Hui-fang,LIANG Xin-an,CHANG Jie-tian,et al.Effects of Foliar Spraying of Selenium Fertilizer on Selenium Enrichment of Different Vegetables and Yield[J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(02):158.
[6]徐惠风,魏龙雪,高志新,等.种植密度对蓝蓟光合特性和产量的影响[J].北方园艺,2014,38(10):1.
　XU Hui-feng,WEI Long-xue,GAO Zhi-xin,et al.Effect of Plant Density on Photosynthetic Characters and Yield of Echium vulgare [J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(02):1.
[7]王丽霞,卢凤刚,郝建博,等.不同育苗基质对秋葵生长发育及产量的影响[J].北方园艺,2014,38(10):16.
　WANG Li-xia,LU Feng-gang,HAO Jian-bo,et al.Effect of Different Seedling Substrates on Growth and Yield of Okra[J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(02):16.
[8]韩春梅,李春龙,叶少平,等.不同栽培模式下生姜品质及经济效益的比较研究[J].北方园艺,2013,37(22):41.
　HAN Chun-mei,LI Chun-long,YE Shao-ping,et al.Comparative Study on the Quality and Economic Benefit of Ginger Under Different Cultivated Patterns[J].Northern Horticulture,2013,37(02):41.
[9]赵志顺,逄振茹.不同覆土材料对双孢蘑菇子实体生长的影响[J].北方园艺,2014,38(10):136.
　ZHAO Zhi-shun,PANG Zhen-ru.Effect of Different Casing Soil Material on Fruitbody Growth of Agaricus bisporus [J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(02):136.
[10]肖庆红,马倩,张燕,等.S-诱抗素和新奥霉素在日光温室番茄栽培上的应用研究[J].北方园艺,2013,37(22):53.
　XIAO Qing-hong,MA Qian,ZHANG Yan,et al.Study on S-auxin and Xinaomycin in Tomato Cultivation in Solar Greenhouse[J].Northern Horticulture,2013,37(02):53.

备注/Memo

第一作者简介：韩立军（1964-），男，博士，副研究员，研究方向为作物栽培。E-mail：hanlijun5216@126.com.责任作者：邵玺文（1966-），男，博士，研究员，研究方向为作物栽培。E-mail：shaoxiwen@126.com.基金项目：国家“十一五”科技支撑计划重点资助项目（2009BADB3B03）；吉林省科技发展计划重点资助项目（20090221）；吉林省现代农业产业技术体系建设资助项目。

更新日期/Last Update: 2015-02-25