WU Zhengbao,XIE Yali,LUO Da.Light Distribution Characteristics in Different Canopy Layers of Ziziphus jujuba in the Southern Xinjiang[J].Northern Horticulture,2023,(01):41-47.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20221858]
南疆地区枣树不同冠层光分布特征
- Title:
- Light Distribution Characteristics in Different Canopy Layers of Ziziphus jujuba in the Southern Xinjiang
- Keywords:
- Ziziphus jujuba Mill.cv.‘Huizao’; canopy; photosynthetic and fluorescence characteristic; net photosynthetic rate; fruit hanging rate
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 以成龄灰枣(Ziziphus jujuba Mill.cv.‘Huizao’)为试材，研究了枣树不同冠层叶片的光合荧光特征参数日变化和坐果情况差异，以期为构建南疆地区密植枣园的高光效种植模式和树形结构提供参考依据。结果表明：不同冠层叶片的净光合速率(Pn)日变化均呈“双峰”曲线，Pn日均值表现为冠层Ⅰ<冠层Ⅱ<冠层Ⅲ，气孔导度(Gs)日变化与之相似，但到达峰值的时间有所差异。胞间CO2浓度(Ci)呈“抛物线”形，整体表现为冠层Ⅰ>冠层Ⅱ>冠层Ⅲ，而气孔限制值(Ls)日变化则与之相反。从整个水分利用效率(WUE)变化曲线来看，冠层Ⅲ>冠层Ⅱ>冠层Ⅰ；不同冠层叶片的叶绿素荧光参数有所区别，上层叶片在耐光抑制方面具有较高的优势，中层次之，下层最弱；不同冠层坐果情况差异明显(P<0.01)，冠层Ⅰ、冠层Ⅱ、冠层Ⅲ的吊果率分别为0.39、0.53枣?吊-1和0.99枣?吊-1。因此，在南疆地区密植枣园，应通过合理疏密措施提高枣园整体透光率，以及从上至下进行修剪、对内膛疏枝，使得枣树各个部位都得到足够的光照，以提高枣果质量。
- Abstract:
-
The diurnal variation of photosynthetic fluorescence characteristic parameters and fruit setting of mature jujube(Ziziphus jujuba Mill.cv.‘Huizao’) leaves with different canopy layers were studied,in order to construct the high light efficiency planting mode and tree structure of dense planting jujube garden in southern Xinjiang.The results showed that the diurnal variation curves of net photosynthetic rate (Pn) in different canopy showed a ‘bimodal’ curve,and the diurnal mean value of Pn showed that canopy Ⅰ
canopy Ⅱ>canopy Ⅲ,while the daily change curve of stomatal limit (Ls) of leaves in different canopy layers was just opposite.From the whole water use efficiency (WUE) change curve,canopy Ⅲ>canopy Ⅱ>canopy Ⅰ.The chlorophyll fluorescence parameters in different canopy layers were different,the upper leaves showed higher advantages in light inhibition,the middle layer and the lower layer were the weakest.The fruit setting in different canopy layers was significantly different (P<0.01).The fruit hanging rates of canopy Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ were 0.39,0.53 and 0.99 fruit per fruiting shoot,respectively.In order to improve the quality of jujube fruit,densely planted jujube orchard in Southern Xinjiang should adopt reasonable measures to improve the overall light transmittance of jujube orchard,as well as pruning from top to bottom and thinning branches in the inner chamber to keep enough light flux.
参考文献/References:
[1]曲泽洲,王永蕙.中国果树志-枣树卷[M].北京:中国农业出版社,1994．[2]刘毅,牛艳,安晓宁,等.不同栽培设施对冬枣叶片生理特性与果实品质的影响[J].经济林研究,2021,39(4):41-50．[3]王端,景晨娟,陈雪峰,等.不同氮磷钾配比对杏光合性能及果实品质的影响[J].中国土壤与肥料,2021(6):175-179．[4]龚荣高,杨伟,梁国鲁,等.甜樱桃植株不同冠层部位光合特性及果实品质的研究[J].西北植物学报,2014(3):581-586.[5]霍宏,王传宽.冠层部位和叶龄对红松光合蒸腾特性的影响[J].应用生态学报,2007(6):1181-1186.[6]郭素娟,熊欢,李广会,等.树体结构对板栗冠层光辐射与光合特征及产量的影响[J].东北林业大学学报,2014(1):14-18.[7]李宝华,迟道兵,陈红红,等.山核桃光合生理特性与产量的关系[J].林业科技开发,2007(5):34-37.[8]卢明艳,宋锋惠,史彦江,等.骏枣不同树形冠层结构、产量和果实品质的比较[J].经济林研究,2021,39(4):10-17.[9]王文军.灰枣不同树形的冠层特性、光合特性与果实产量及品质关系的研究[D].阿拉尔：塔里木大学,2019.[10]蔺金龙,张琦,吴翠云,等.红枣直播建园不同树形光照与果实分布特点的研究[J].新疆农业科学,2016,53(3):437-444.[11]崔刚闯.树形改造对骏枣生长及产量、品质、效益的影响[D].阿拉尔:塔里木大学,2020.[12]吴正保,史彦江,宋锋惠.阿克苏5个枣品种光合荧光特征及水分利用效率研究[J].西北林学院学报,2012,27(4):43-49.[13]张广忠,张露荷,黄华梨,等.甘肃沿黄灌区10个枣树品种叶绿素荧光特性的比较分析[J].经济林研究,2021,39(4):177-184.[14]陈丽华,宋丽华,高露,等.灵武长枣不同冠层光质组成对光合特性及果实品质的影响[J].新疆农业科学,2020,57(10)：1811-1820.[15]朱祖雷,黄华梨,张露荷,等.不同钾肥水平对‘骏枣’叶片光合特性及果实品质的影响[J].中国土壤与肥料,2019(4):132-140．[16]冯会丽,吴正保,郭佳欢,等.灰枣3个优系果实膨大期的光合及荧光特性研究[J].新疆农业科学,2016,53(6):1014-1022.[17]刘孟军,汪民.中国枣种质资源[M].北京:中国林业出版社,2009.[18]李延菊,李宪利,高东升,等.扁桃叶绿素荧光特性的研究[J].落叶果树,2006(3):1-4.[19]FARQUHAR G D.Carbon isotope discrimination and photosynthesis[J].Annu Rev Plant Physiology,1989,40：520-523.[20]郑淑霞,上官周平.8种阔叶树种叶片气体交换特征和叶绿素荧光特性比较[J].生态学报,2006,26(4)：1080-1087.[21]张守仁.叶绿素荧光动力学参数的意义及讨论[J].植物学通报,1999,16(4):444-448.
相似文献/References:
[1]刘期国,王雨歌,董宇顺,等.枣头及枣吊摘心对红枣结实性状的影响[J].北方园艺,2014,38(09):32.
LIU Qi-guo,WANG Yu-ge,DONG Yu-shun,et al.Effect of Heads and Bearing Branches Pinching on Fruit Traits of Ziziphus jujubes cv.[J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(01):32.
[2]刘曼曼,廖康,成小龙,等.‘库尔勒香梨’冠层内光照分布与产量品质关系研究[J].北方园艺,2014,38(16):20.
LIU Man-man,LIAO Kang,CHENG Xiao-long,et al.Study on the Relationship Between Distribution of Light Intensity in the Crown and Yield Quality of ‘Korla Fragrant Pear’[J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(01):20.
[3]杨伟,杨宇,徐崇志,等.影响红枣幼茎组培增殖因子的研究[J].北方园艺,2012,36(11):116.
YANGWei,YANGYu,XUChong-zhi,et al.StudyontheFactorInfluencingthePropagationtotheSoft-StemTissueCultureoftheJujube[J].Northern Horticulture,2012,36(01):116.
[4]位杰,蒋媛,张琦,等.骏枣和灰枣对NaCl胁迫适应性的比较研究[J].北方园艺,2013,37(24):21.
WEI Jie,JIANG Yuan,ZHANG Qi,et al.Comparative Study on Physiological Adaptability of Junzao Jujube and Huizao Jujube Under NaCl Stress[J].Northern Horticulture,2013,37(01):21.
[5]史进,李文胜,张俊苗.生草对树冠不同部位果实产量和品质的影响[J].北方园艺,2016,40(19):22.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201619006]
SHI Jin,LI Wensheng,ZHANG Junmiao.Influence of Sod Culture to Yield and Quality of Different Parts of Apple Tree Crown[J].Northern Horticulture,2016,40(01):22.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201619006]
[6]杨 录 军,王 慧 瑜,赵 海 红.灰枣高效再生体系的建立[J].北方园艺,2007,31(03):0.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.200703079]
[J].Northern Horticulture,2007,31(01):0.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.200703079]
[7]张旭东,安世杰,杨莉莉,等.水肥对主干结果型灰枣叶片养分含量的影响[J].北方园艺,2023,(14):36.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20223887]
ZHANG Xudong,AN Shijie,YANG Lili,et al.Effects of Water and Fertilizer on the Nutrient Content in the Leaves of Trunk Fruit Type Grey Jujube[J].Northern Horticulture,2023,(01):36.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20223887]
[8]孔令硕,樊丁宇,靳娟,等.灰枣及其六个芽变材料生物学特性[J].北方园艺,2024,(7):35.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20233180]
KONG Lingshuo,FAN Dingyu,JIN Juan,et al.Biological Characteristics of Gray Jujube and Its Six Bud Mutants[J].Northern Horticulture,2024,(01):35.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20233180]
[9]左晓婷,郝庆,靳娟,等.烘干温度和时间对灰枣品质的影响[J].北方园艺,2024,(7):89.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20233756]
ZUO Xiaoting,HAO Qing,JIN Juan,et al.Effects of Drying Temperature and Time on Quality Characteristics of Ziziphus Jujuba ‘Huizao’[J].Northern Horticulture,2024,(01):89.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20233756]
备注/Memo
第一作者简介：吴正保（1983-），男，硕士研究生，副研究员，现主要从事果树栽培和新品种选育等研究工作。E-mail：88160666@qq.com.基金项目：新疆维吾尔自治区林业科技专项资助项目；新疆红枣产业技术体系专项资金资助项目(XJCYTX-02)；新疆维吾尔自治区“天山英才”计划资助项目。收稿日期：2022-05-06