LIANG Hong,HUANG Jing,ZHAO Jia,et al.Mechanism of New Bio-organic Fertilizer on Controlling to Watermelon Fusarium Wilt Disease[J].Northern Horticulture,2017,41(02):117-121.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201702028]
新型生物有机肥防治西瓜枯萎病机理
- Title:
- Mechanism of New Bio-organic Fertilizer on Controlling to Watermelon Fusarium Wilt Disease
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 以解淀粉芽孢杆菌hj1为试材，采用平板对峙培养法测定了hj1的抑菌活性，利用PCR扩增其抗生素合成基因，应用盆栽试验检测其防治西瓜枯萎病的效果。结果表明:菌株hj1可拮抗西瓜枯萎病菌专化型尖孢镰刀菌(Fusarium oxysporum f．sp．niveum)，确定其含有bam与fenB基因，分别为杆菌抗霉素（Bacillomycin）与环状脂肽（Fengycin）的相关合成基因。含菌株hj1的新型生物有机肥（BOF）对西瓜枯萎病防治效果显著，发病率仅为16.8%，病情指数下降到0.9，防治效果达到83.2%；促生效果同样明显，植株株高、鲜质量和干质量在所有处理中均为最高。施用新型生物有机肥还提高了细菌（芽孢杆菌）与放线菌等有益菌的含量，降低了真菌（尖孢镰刀菌）的含量。表明施用含有菌株hj1的新型生物有机肥能有效防治西瓜枯萎病，并促进西瓜植株生长。
- Abstract:
- Bacillus amyloliquefaciens hj1 was used as test material.Plate confrontation method was used to determine the bacteriostatic activity of hj1，its antibiotic synthesis genes were amplified using PCR，pot experiment was used to detect its effect on controlling watermelon wilt disease.The results showed that the strain hj1 could be against Fusarium oxysporum f．sp．niveum (FON).Bam and fenB，responsible for the synthesis of antibiotics Bacillomycin and Fengycin，were identified in strain hj1.The applications of bio-organic fertilizer (BOF) which containing strain hj1 could control the watermelon Fusarium wilt while the incidence was 16.8% and disease index was 0.9，and the biocontrol efficiency was about 83.2%.The promoting of growth was also obvious and the height，fresh weight and dry weight of plant were the highest of all the treatments.The applications of BOF increased the population of Bacteria (Bacillus) and Actinomycetes and decreased the population of fungi (Fusarium oxysporum) in rhizosphere soil，which made the rhizospheric microorganism more comfortable.It was concluded that the application of BOF could control the watermelon Fusarium wilt and promote the growth of the plant.
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备注/Memo
第一作者简介：梁宏（1964-），男，本科，副研究员，研究方向为微生物学。E-mail：815336057@qq.com.基金项目：山西省科技自主创新能力提升资助项目（2015zzcx-22）；山西省农业科学院科技攻关资助项目（YGG1414）。