WEI Tianjun,LI Baiyun,LI Hui.Effect of Balanced Fertilization on the Yield and Quality of ‘Tongxinyuanzao’ Jujube on Dry Land in Ningxia[J].Northern Horticulture,2016,40(19):5-9.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201619002]
平衡施肥对旱地‘同心圆枣’产量与品质的影响
- Title:
- Effect of Balanced Fertilization on the Yield and Quality of ‘Tongxinyuanzao’ Jujube on Dry Land in Ningxia
- Keywords:
- balanced fertilization; dry land; ‘Tongxinyuanzao’ jujube; yield; quality
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 以种植在宁夏中部干旱带同心县旱地的4~6年生‘同心圆枣’树为试材，在化验分析园区土壤理化性状和养分含量的基础上，重点研究了平衡施肥和叶喷微肥对枣树产量、品质、生理和树体生长发育等方面的影响。结果表明：‘同心圆枣’园土壤有机质、速效氮、速效磷、微量元素铁和锰严重缺乏，速效钾缺乏，而平衡施肥是增加旱地土壤养分及树体营养的重要措施。2014—2015年，在年均667 m2人工补水60 m3的基础上，与完全不施肥的对照相比，4种平衡施肥处理的单果质量净增加了3.35~4.35 g，单株产量平均每年增加了8.23~9.15倍，其中整行施肥处理在2015年667 m2产量达247.7 kg；平衡施肥+叶喷微肥处理的叶面积和叶绿素含量分别增加了65.7%、34.4%。2014年，在土壤平衡施肥的基础上，叶喷微肥处理的枣树单株产量增加了59.2%。
- Abstract:
- The effects of balanced fertilization and foliar fertilizer spraying on the yield，quality，physiology，tree growth and development of jujube etc were experimented mainly based on the analysis of soil physiochemical properties and nutrient content in the jujube orchid and using four to six years old ‘Tongxinyuanzao’ jujube trees as material in the arid region of central Ningxia.The results indicated that，the soil were seriously short of organic matter，available nitrogen，available phosphorus，the micro-element of iron and manganese in the ‘Tongxinyuanzao’ jujube orchard.Meanwhile the available potassium was also lacking.But the balanced fertilization was an important measure to increase soil nutrition and jujube tree nutrition on dry land.Compared with the control of incomplete fertilization，the single fruit weight of four kinds of balanced fertilization was increased by 3.35-4.35 g，the two-year average yield of individual was increased by 8.23-9.15 times，and the yield of 667 m2 of total row fertilization reached to 247.7 kg in 2015，the leaf area and chlorophyllcontent were respectively increased by 65.7% and 34.4%，by balanced fertilization+foliar fertilizer spraying，under the base of 60 m3 artificial water of 667 m2 per year.In 2014，the yield of jujube tree was increased by 59.2%，based on balanced fertilization with foliar fertilizer spraying.
参考文献/References:
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备注/Memo
第一作者简介：魏天军（1965-），男，硕士，研究员，现主要从事枣树新品种选育及高效栽培技术和枣果贮藏保鲜技术的研究与示范等工作。E-mail：wtjunnx@qq.com.基金项目：国家“十二五”科技支撑课题资助项目（2013BAD14B03）；〖JP3〗国家星火计划资助项目（2012GA880001）。