XIN Longfei,SUN Wanhui,LIU Hongyun,et al.Effects of Salt Stress on Growth and Physiological Characteristics of Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim.Seedlings[J].Northern Horticulture,2023,(14):125-132.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20224561]
盐胁迫对栝楼幼苗生长和生理特性的影响
- Title:
- Effects of Salt Stress on Growth and Physiological Characteristics of Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim.Seedlings
- Keywords:
- Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim.; salt stress; root system; biomass; physiological characteristics
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 以栝楼为试材，采用浇灌盐溶液模拟盐胁迫的方法，研究不同浓度盐胁迫（0、0.1、0.2、0.3、0.4、0.5 mol?L-1）对栝楼幼苗生长和生理特性的影响，以及栝楼对盐胁迫的耐受性和响应，以期为栝楼抗盐机制探究及盐碱地的推广应用提供参考依据。结果表明：随NaCl浓度的增加，栝楼幼苗根表面积、根体积、根平均直径和总根长逐渐减小，株高和生物量先升高后下降，0.1 mol?L-1盐胁迫下株高和生物量最大。栝楼幼苗叶片叶绿素a、叶绿素b和总叶绿素含量在0.1 mol?L-1盐处理下最高，之后逐渐降低，丙二醛含量则随盐浓度的升高显著增加。盐胁迫后，栝楼叶片可溶性糖含量、可溶性蛋白质含量、超氧化物歧化酶活性和过氧化物酶活性随盐浓度增加均呈先升高后下降的趋势，当盐浓度高于0.4 mol?L-1时，过氧化物酶活性、可溶性糖含量和可溶性蛋白质含量显著降低。综上，0.1、0.2 mol?L-1盐胁迫下，栝楼通过增强超氧化物歧化酶等抗氧化酶活性，积累可溶性糖等渗透调节物质，提高幼苗渗透调节能力，以适应盐胁迫。当盐浓度超过0.3 mol?L-1时，栝楼幼苗光合色素含量、抗氧化酶活性和渗透调节物质显著降低，膜脂过氧化程度加剧，最终导致栝楼幼苗的生长受到严重抑制，生物量积累减少。
- Abstract:
- Trichosanthes kirilowii was used as experimental materials，the effects of different concentrations of salt stress (0，0.1，0.2，0.3，0.4，0.5 mol?L-1) on the growth and physiological characteristics of T.kirilowii seedlings were studied with the method of irrigating salt solution to simulate salt stress，in order to provide reference for the exploration of salt resistance mechanism and the promotion and application of saline alkali land.The results showed that with the increase of NaCl concentration，the root surface area，root volume，root mean diameter and total root length of T.kirilowii seedlings decreased gradually，and the plant height and biomass increased first and then decreased.The plant height and biomass were the largest under 0.1 mol?L-1 NaCl.The contents of chlorophyll a，chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll in the leaves of T.kirilowii seedlings were the highest under 0.1 mol?L-1 NaCl，and then decreased gradually，while the content of malondialdehyde increased significantly with the increase of NaCl concentration.After salt stress，the soluble sugar content，soluble protein content，superoxide dismutase activity and peroxidase activity in the leaves of T.kirilowii increased first and then decreased with the increase of NaCl concentration.When the NaCl concentration was higher than 0.4 mol?L-1，the peroxidase activity，soluble sugar content and soluble protein content decreased significantly.In conclusion，under 0.1 mol?L-1 and 0.2 mol?L-1 NaCl， T.kirilowii can improve the osmotic adjustment ability of seedlings to adapt to salt stress by enhancing the activities of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase and accumulating osmotic regulators such as soluble sugar.When the NaCl concentration exceeded 0.3 mol?L-1，the photosynthetic pigment content，antioxidant enzyme activity and osmotic regulator substances of T.kirilowii seedlings significantly reduced，and the degree of membrane lipid peroxidation was intensified，which ultimately leaded to the serious inhibition of the growth of T.kirilowii seedlings and the reduction of biomass accumulation.
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备注/Memo
第一作者简介：信龙飞（1989-），男，博士，讲师，现主要从事药用植物生理生态等研究工作。Email：cnxinlongfei@126.com.责任作者：张艳玲（1973-），女，硕士，副教授，现主要从事中药材栽培与中药资源开发利用等研究工作。Email：xynzzl@126.com.基金项目：河南省科技攻关资助项目（222102110338，212102110285，212102110287）；信阳农林学院青年基金资助项目（2019LG013）；信阳农林学院青年骨干教师培养计划资助项目（2021）。收稿日期：2022-11-09