SHE Changchao,BAO Yuying,QU Hanting,et al.Effects of Phyto-Microbial Composite Remediation on Vegetation and Soil Properties of Opencast Coal Mine Dumps[J].Northern Horticulture,2023,(11):81-90.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20223422]
复合修复对排土场植被和土壤的影响
- Title:
- Effects of Phyto-Microbial Composite Remediation on Vegetation and Soil Properties of Opencast Coal Mine Dumps
- Keywords:
- dump; plant diversity; soil physicochemical properties; soil enzyme activity; soil microorganisms
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 以胜利露天矿裸排土场植被修复试验区为研究对象，采用与矿外自然草原比较分析的方法，研究了不同修复模式对排土场植被、土壤因子和土壤微生物的影响，以期探究复合修复技术对露天煤矿排土场的影响，寻找适宜该地的修复模式，为排土场植被恢复提供参考依据。结果表明：1）人工修复样地的盖度相对裸排土场显著提高，裸排土场自然恢复的植物，均为一年生草本植物；柠条单作样地盖度、丰富度、香农维纳指数较高；紫花苜蓿单作多度较高，而盖度、丰富度、香农维纳指数均较低。2）人工修复的含水量、速效钾、碳氮比介于裸排土场和自然草原之间。pH、速效磷为人工修复>裸排土场>自然草原，铵态氮表现为人工修复<裸排土场<自然草原；种植紫花苜蓿会提高土壤碳氮比。3）人工修复的酶活性在裸排土场和自然草原之间，人工修复有利于恢复排土场土壤酶活性。紫花苜蓿样地的碱性磷酸酶和蔗糖酶活性较高。4）人工修复的真菌数量在裸排土场和自然草原之间。沙打旺单作有利于恢复排土场的可培养微生物数量。
- Abstract:
- Taking the vegetation restoration experimental area of Shengli open-pit mine bare dumping site as the research object,the effects of different restoration modes on vegetation,soil factors and soil microorganisms in the dumpsite were studied by comparative analysis with the natural grassland outside the mine,in order to explore the influence of composite restoration technology on the open-pit coal mine dumpsite,find a suitable restoration model for the site,and provide a reference basis for the vegetation restoration of the dumpsite.The results showed that: 1) the coverage of the artificially restored plot was significantly improved compared with the bare dump,and the plants naturally restored in the bare dump were all annual herbs.The coverage,richness and Shannon wiener index of the monoculture of intermediate peashrub were higher.The abundance was higher in the monoculture of alfalfa,while the coverage,richness and Shannon wiener index were all lower.2) The water content,available potassium and carbon-nitrogen ratio of artificial restoration were between bare dump and natural grassland.pH and available phosphorus were showed as artificially restored > bare dump > natural grassland,and ammonium nitrogen was showed as artificial restoration < bare dump < natural grassland.Alfalfa would increase the soil carbon-nitrogen ratio.3) The enzyme activity of artificial restoration was between the bare dump and natural grassland,and the artificial restoration was beneficial to restoring the soil enzyme activities of the dump.Alkaline phosphatase and sucrase activities were higher in alfalfa plots.4) The number of artificially restored fungi was between bare dump and natural grassland.The monoculture of erect milkvetch was beneficial to the restoration of cultivable microorganisms in the dump.
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备注/Memo
第一作者简介：佘长超(1985-)，男，硕士，高级工程师，现主要从事露天煤矿技术管理等工作。E-mail：shechangchao@126.com.责任作者：包玉英(1963-)，女，博士，教授，现主要从事植物菌根共生生物学及矿区生态修复等研究工作。E-mail：ndbyy@imu.edu.cn.基金项目：国家重点研发计划资助项目（2016YFC0501106）。收稿日期： 2022-08-21