CUI Yuanpei,WEI Zikun,WANG Jianzhong,et al.Development Status and Path of Application of Chemical Fertilizers and Pesticides Under the Background of Reduced[J].Northern Horticulture,2021,(09):164-173.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20203894]
“双减”背景下化肥、农药施用现状与发展路径
- Title:
- Development Status and Path of Application of Chemical Fertilizers and Pesticides Under the Background of Reduced
- Keywords:
- chemical fertilizer; pesticider; dosage reduction and efficiency improvement; total fertilizer application; chemical fertilizer application structure
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 化肥、农药的过量使用导致水源污染、土壤板结以及农产品质量安全等问题，化肥、农药减施增效技术的推广、应用已经成为提升农业绿色发展的有效途径。农业农村部2015年制定《到2020年化肥使用量零增长行动方案》《到2020年农药使用量零增长行动方案》，提出“一控、两减、三基本”的目标，争取2020年实现化肥、农药使用零增长。利用文献资料与统计数据对化肥减施现状、特点以及发展路径进行分析，针对主要省份化肥、农药施用量、各省施肥用药总量变化情况进行分析。自“双减”政策实施以来2016—2018年全国化肥、农药施用总量均呈现下降趋势，但人口基数大、农产品需求量大，使得化肥、农药施用总量大。化肥、农药减施仍存在很大改善空间。
- Abstract:
- Excessive use of fertilizers and pesticides has caused problems such as agricultural non-point source pollution and agricultural product quality and safety.Popularizing the technology of reducing fertilizer and pesticide application and increasing efficiency has become an effective way to improve the green development of agriculture.In 2015,the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs formulated Action Plan for Zero Growth in Fertilizer Used by〖STBX〗 2020 and Action Plan for Zero Growth in Pesticide Used by 2020〖STBZ〗.It was required to achieve zero growth in the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides by 2020.Used literature and statistical data to analyze the current status,characteristics and development path of fertilizer reduction.It mainly analyzed the changes in the application amount of chemical fertilizers and pesticides in the main provinces and the total amount of fertilizers applied in various provinces.Since the implementation of the fertilizer and pesticide reduction policy,the total application of chemical fertilizers and pesticides in the country showed a downward trend from 2016 to 2018.However,due to the large population base and the large demand for agricultural products,the total amount of fertilizers and pesticides applied was large.There was still a lot of room to reduce the application of chemical fertilizers and pesticides.
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备注/Memo
第一作者简介：崔元培（1989-），男，博士研究生，研究方向为农林经济管理。E-mail:cuiyuanpei@163.com.责任作者：薛庆林（1960-），男，博士，教授，博士生导师，现主要从事农业科技推广等研究工作。E-mail:xql16688@126.com.基金项目：国家重点研发计划资助项目（2016YFD0201301）。收稿日期：2020-09-10