LIU Sha,WANG Huadong,WU Faming.Response of Weeds and Dangshen to the Tillage Method in Loess Plateau Arid Region[J].Northern Horticulture,2019,43(09):131-135.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20183092]
黄土高原干旱地区农田杂草和党参对耕作模式的响应
- Title:
- Response of Weeds and Dangshen to the Tillage Method in Loess Plateau Arid Region
- Keywords:
- loess plateau; Codonopsis pilosula (Franch.)Nannf.; tillage; weed
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 连续3年在2个不同耕作季节选择免耕、深耕不耙、深耕耙平、旋耕4种耕作方法，研究其对党参田间优势杂草种群的影响以及耕作方式协同杂草作用对党参产量的影响。结果表明：参田中一年生杂草以虫食（Corispermum declinatum Steph.ex Stev.var.declinatum）、荠（Capsella bursapastoris (Linn.) Medic）、灰灰菜（Chenopodium album L.）、狗尾草（Setaria viridis (L.) Beauv.）为优势种群，多年生杂草以田旋花（Convolvulus arvensis L.）、冰草（Agropyron cristatum (Linn.) Gaertn.）为优势种群；免耕参田杂草种类最多，数量最大，党参产量最低；夏季干旱时节深耕耙平参田杂草种类、数量均最少，党参产量最高。夏季高温干旱时节进行深耕耙平能够有效的控制党参田间杂草，提高参田产量，在一定程度上降低了除草成本，可作为党参绿色种植控草技术进行推广应用。
- Abstract:
- To study the influence of tillage method at different seasons on the advantage weed populations in Codonopsis pilosula (Franch.)Nannf.field and the influence of synergistic effect between tillage method and weeds on the Codonopsis pilosula (Franch.)Nannf.yield.We chose four tillage methods at two different seasons in three years in a row,they were respectively no-tillage,deep ploughing and no rake flat,deep ploughing and rake flat,rotary tillage.The results showed that the annual weeds Corispermum declinatum Steph.ex Stev.var.declinatum,Capsella bursapastoris (Linn.) Medic., Chenopodium album L., Setaria viridis (L.) Beauv.,and the perennial weeds Convolvulus arvensis L., Agropyron cristatum (Linn.) Gaertn.were the advantage populations in the Codonopsis pilosula (Franch.)Nannf.field.The kinds and numbers of the weeds were the highest and yield of Codonopsis pilosula (Franch.)Nannf.was the lowest with no tillage.The kinds and numbers of the weeds were both the lowest and the yield of Codonopsis pilosula (Franch.)Nannf.was the highest with deep ploughing and rake flat at summer drought.The weeds could be controlled effectively by deep ploughing and rake flat at high temperature and drought in summer.It could reduce the cost of the weeding,and increased the yield of Codonopsis pilosula (Franch.)Nannf..It can be popularized and applied as the green weeds control technique.
参考文献/References:
[1]陈欣,王兆骞,唐建军.农业生态系统杂草多样性保持的生态学功能[J].生态学杂志,2000,19(4):50-52.[2]韩惠芳,宁堂原,田慎重,等.土壤耕作及秸秆还田对夏玉米田杂草生物多样性的影响[J].生态学报,2010,30(5):1140-1147.[3]朱文达,何燕红,李林,等.氯氟吡氧乙酸与顶尖或骠马混用对小麦田间杂草的防除效果[J].麦类作物学报,2010,30(4):778-782.[4]上海药膳协会.夏季健脾药膳[J].食品与生活,2012(8):57.[5]冯津,郭先龙,高秀萍,等.生物抗旱剂预处理对模拟旱作党参播种出苗与成苗的影响[J].种子,2018,37(12):81-84.[6]李莹莹,彭玉婷,徐晓蓝,等.不同氮磷配施对党参根部生长及其活性成分的影响[J].西北农业学报,2018,27(10):1470-1477.[7]王赞文.土壤水分对党参生长发育和成分积累的影响[D].杭州:浙江理工大学,2018.[8]高石曼,刘久石,孙恬,等.不同栽培措施对党参药材化学质量的影响[J].中国中药杂志,2016,41(20):3753-3760.[9]李青,李鹤翔,贺红早.党参大田杂草生长调查初探[J].贵州科学,2016,34(6):6-9.[10]马晓渊.多年生杂草的繁殖特性[J].杂草科学,1997(4):6-8.[11]郭水良,王勇,曹同.杂草繁殖方式的多样性及其对环境的适应[J].上海师范大学学报(自然科学版),2006,35(3):103-110.[12]丁启朔,丁为民,孟为国,等.耕作力学研究中的土壤结构表现与评价[J].农业机械学报,2007,38(8):62-66.
相似文献/References:
[1]李虎林.不同栽培方式对黄土高原旱区西瓜土壤水分与产量的影响[J].北方园艺,2012,36(08):38.
LI Hu-lin.Effects of Different Planting Patterns on Soil Moisture,Watermelon Yield in Semi-arid Regions of the Loess Plateau Hilly Region[J].Northern Horticulture,2012,36(09):38.
[2]杨 阳,等.施用钾肥对黄土丘陵区山地矮化密植红枣产量与品质的影响[J].北方园艺,2010,34(10):0.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.2010010010]
YANG Yang,GUO Zhen,et al.Effects of Potassium Fertilizer Application on Yield and Quality of Hillside Close-planting Jujube Fruit in Yulin[J].Northern Horticulture,2010,34(09):0.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.2010010010]
[3]吴发明,赵文吉,王道清,等.生长年限对党参种子产量、质量及其育苗特性的影响[J].北方园艺,2017,41(23):194.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20172051]
WU Faming,ZHAO Wenji,WANG Daoqing,et al.Effects of Growing Year on Yield,Quality and Cultivation Seedling Characteristics of Codonopsis pilosula（Franch.） Nannf.Seeds[J].Northern Horticulture,2017,41(09):194.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20172051]
[4]吴发明,赵文吉,任振丽,等.控制结实对党参产量、质量及经济效益的影响[J].北方园艺,2018,42(06):124.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20172632]
WU Faming,ZHAO Wenji,REN Zhenli,et al.Effects of Reproductive Growth Control on the Yield，Quality and Economic Benefit of Codonopsis pilosula[J].Northern Horticulture,2018,42(09):124.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20172632]
[5]吴发明,刘付松,任振丽,等.聚乙二醇干旱胁迫对三种党参种子萌发的影响[J].北方园艺,2018,42(08):143.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20174252]
WU Faming,LIU Fusong,REN Zhenli,et al.Effects of Polyethylene Glycol Drought Stress on Germination of Three Kinds of Codonopsis radix[J].Northern Horticulture,2018,42(09):143.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20174252]
[6]李青,李鹤翔,李亚龙,等.高海拔地区党参不同种植模式碳氮磷化学计量特征[J].北方园艺,2018,42(21):155.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20180757]
LI Qing,LI Hexiang,LI Yalong,et al.Characteristics of Stoichiometry of Carbon,Nitrogen and Phosphorus in Different Planting Patterns of Codonopsis pilosula in High Altitude Area[J].Northern Horticulture,2018,42(09):155.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20180757]
[7]苟睿坤,王雪纯,赵君,等.基于遥感的黄土高原近40年土地变化信息挖掘[J].北方园艺,2019,43(08):168.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20182191]
GOU Ruikun,WANG Xuechun,ZHAO Jun,et al.Remote Sensing-based Mining of Loess Plateau Land Change Information in Recent 40 Years[J].Northern Horticulture,2019,43(09):168.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20182191]
[8]范重秀,崔同霞,姚友旭,等.秸秆覆盖量和覆盖时间对土壤水热状况及党参产量的影响[J].北方园艺,2022,(21):82.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20221022]
FAN Chongxiu,CUI Tongxia,YAO Youxu,et al.Effects of Amount and Time of Straw Mulching on Water and Temperature of Soil and Yield With Codonopsis pilosula[J].Northern Horticulture,2022,(09):82.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20221022]
[9]姚志龙,孟媛,张亮,等.新老苹果园土壤污染元素的调查与相关性分析[J].北方园艺,2023,(10):81.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20223232]
YAO Zhilong,MENG Yuan,ZHANG Liang,et al.Investigation and Correlation Analysis of Soil Pollution Elements in New and Old Apple Orchards[J].Northern Horticulture,2023,(09):81.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20223232]
[10]姚志龙,孟媛,张亮,等.新老苹果园叶片营养的土壤微量元素影响因子[J].北方园艺,2023,(15):66.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20224496]
YAO Zhilong,MENG Yuan,ZHANG Liang,et al.Factors Affecting Soil Trace Elements in Leaf Nutrition of New and Old Apple Orchards[J].Northern Horticulture,2023,(09):66.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20224496]
备注/Memo
第一作者简介：刘莎（1985-），女，硕士，助教，研究方向为中草药栽培。E-mail:283131241@qq.com.责任作者：吴发明（1983-），男，博士，副教授，硕士生导师，研究方向为中药品种与质量及资源。E-mail:zunyiwufaming@163.com.基金项目：国家自然科学基金资助项目（81760679）；贵州省教育厅青年科技人才成长资助项目（黔教合KY字[2017]196）；遵义医学院博士科研启动资金资助项目（F-805）。收稿日期：2018-11-28