HOU Mengyuan,YANG Zaiqiang,ZHANG Manyi.Effect of Water Stress on Leaf Senescence and Root Activity in Fruiting Period of Greenhouse Tomato[J].Northern Horticulture,2017,41(01):52-57.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201701013]
水分胁迫对设施番茄结果期叶片衰老特性和根系活力的影响
- Title:
- Effect of Water Stress on Leaf Senescence and Root Activity in Fruiting Period of Greenhouse Tomato
- Keywords:
- water stress; leaf senescence; protective enzyme; root activity; fruiting period
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 以番茄“寿信98” 为试材，设置4个土壤水分处理，土壤水分为田间持水量的70%~80%为正常灌溉 (CK)、60%~70%为轻度胁迫、50%~60%为中度胁迫、40%~50%为重度胁迫，系统测定水分胁迫对设施番茄结果期植株叶片衰老特性和根系活力的影响。结果表明：番茄叶片细胞色素含量随胁迫程度的加重先升高后降低，轻度胁迫下细胞色素含量显著高于其它处理；随水分胁迫时间延长番茄叶绿素a、叶绿素b和类胡萝卜素含量均呈下降趋势。叶片组织的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)活性随水分胁迫时间延长均呈先增加后减少的趋势，不同土壤水分处理下，番茄叶片SOD和POD活性均表现为重度胁迫>中度胁迫>轻度胁迫>CK，且2种抗氧化酶活性均在果实膨大期达到最大值。在果实膨大期，轻度胁迫、中度胁迫、重度胁迫下SOD活性分别是CK的1.00、1.82、1.68倍，而POD活性分别是CK的1.81、2.37、2.91倍。轻度胁迫显著增加番茄根系活力，而其它水分处理下番茄根系活力较CK均有不同程度的降低，成熟期轻度胁迫、中度胁迫、重度胁迫下番茄根系活力分别是CK处理的102.08%、90.62%、80.56%。因此，轻度水分胁迫有利于细胞色素合成和根系活力的提高，增加了设施番茄对水分逆境的耐受力，减缓植株的衰老进程。
- Abstract:
- ‘Shouxin 98’ was chosen as the plant material and EM50 was applied to control water content.The effects of water stress on leaf senescence and root activity in fruiting period of greenhouse tomato were studied.Four models of water supply were conducted，which included normal water supply (CK，field water holding capacity of 70%-80%)，light stress (field water holding capacity of 60%-70%)，moderate stress (field water holding capacity of 50%-60%) and severe stress (field water holding capacity of 40%-50%).The results showed that photosynthetic pigment increased first and then decreased with the reduction of soil moisture.The photosynthetic pigment with the light stress was significantly higher than other treatments.The activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD)was the same as peroxidase (POD)，showed a trend of increasing first and then decreasing among different water treatments.SOD and POD activity of tomato plants decreased with the reduction of soil moisture,showed severe stress treatment>moderate>light>CK.SOD and POD activity were the highest in fruit enlargement stage.The light stress，moderate stress，severe stress of SOD activity were 1.00，1.82，1.68 times than CK in fruit enlargement stage respectively，and those of POD activity were 1.81，2.37，2.91 times than CK.The root activity of tomato could be increased significantly under light stress，but it decreased to different degree under other water treatments.The light stress，moderate stress，severe stress of root activity were 102.08%，90.62% and 80.56% of CK in mature stage respectively.Therefore，light water treatment could promote the synthesis of photosynthetic pigment，increase the root activity and slow down the aging pace by improving greenhouse tomato tolerance to water stress.
参考文献/References:
[1]杨再强，邱译萱，刘朝霞，等.土壤水分胁迫对设施番茄根系及地上部生长的影响[J].生态学报，2016,36(3)：748-757. [2]何军，许兴，李树华，等.水分胁迫对牛心朴子叶片光合色素及叶绿素荧光的影响[J].西北植物学报，2004，24(9)：1594-1598. [3]HUI H X，XU X，LI Q R.Exogenous betaine improves the photosynthesis of Lycium barbarum under salt stress[J].Acta Bot Boreal-Occident Sin，2003，23(12)：2137-2422. [4]MOHAMMADKHANI N，HEIDARI R.Effects of water stress on respiration，photosynthetic pigments and water content in two maize cultivars[J].Pak J Biol Sci，2007，10(22)：4022-4028. [5]李冬琴，曾鹏程，陈桂葵,等.干旱胁迫对3种豆科灌木生物量分配和生理特性的影响[J].中南林业科技大学学报，2016，36(1)：33-39. [6]MOSTAFA H，AMIR G.Effects of water stress and inoculation with plant growth promoting rhizobacteria(PGPR) on antioxidant status and photosynthetic pigments in basil(Ocimum basilicum L.)[J].Journal of the Saudi Society of Agricultural Sciences.2012，11(1)：57-61. [7]牛云慧,曹红霞,石小虎,等.水分亏缺对温室番茄生长发育及生理特性的影响[J].灌溉排水报,2013,32(4)：67-70. [8]张智猛,戴良香,宋文武,等.干旱处理对花生品种叶片保护酶活性和渗透物质含量的影响[J].作物学报,2013,39(1):133-141. [9]杨再强，刘朝霞，韩秀君，等.水分胁迫对番茄保护酶活性及果实产量的影响[J].东北农业大学学报，2014，45(3)：40-45. [10]高阳，黄玲，李新强，等.开花后水分胁迫对冬小麦旗叶光合作用和保护酶活性的影响[J].水土保持学报,2013,27(4):201-206. [11]刘明，吕爱锋，武建军，等.干旱对农业生态系统影响研究进展[J].中国农学通报，2014，30(32)：165-171. [12]曹逼力,刘灿玉,徐坤.硅对干旱胁迫下番茄根系细胞超微结构及线粒体活性氧代谢的影响[J].园艺学报,2014,41(12):2419-2426. [13]李合生.植物生理生化试验原理和技术[M].3版.北京：高等教育出版社，2000. [14]GHOTBI-RAVANDI A A,SHAHBAZI M,SHARIATI M,et al.Effects of mild and severe drought stress on photosynthetic efficiency in tolerant and susceptible barley(Hordeum vulgare L.)genotypes[J].Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science,2014,200(6):403-415. [15]马富举，李丹丹，蔡剑，等.干旱胁迫对小麦幼苗根系生长和叶片光合作用的影响[J].应用生态学报，2012，23(3)：724-730. [16]吴顺,张雪芹,蔡燕.干旱胁迫对黄瓜幼苗叶绿素含量和光合特性的影响[J].中国农学通报,2014,30(1):133-137. [17]齐曼·尤努斯,木合塔尔·扎热,塔衣尔·艾合买提.干旱胁迫下尖果沙枣幼苗的根系活力和光合特性[J].应用生态学报,2011,22(7):1789-1795. [18]杨玉珍，张云霞，彭方仁.干旱胁迫对不同种源香椿苗木光合特性的影响[J].北京林业大学学报，2011，33(1)：44-48. [19]邵怡若，许建新，薛立，等.5种绿化树种幼苗对干旱胁迫和复水的生理响应[J].生态科学，2013，32(4)：420-428. [20]KHOLOV J，HASH C T，KO〖AKＣˇ〗OV M，et al.Does a terminal drought tolerance QTL contribute to differences in ROS scavenging enzymes and photosynthetic pigments in pearl millet exposed to drought[J].Environmental and Experimental Botany，2011，71(1)：99-106. [21]张俊霞，刘晓鹏，向极钎.植物抗氧化系统对逆境胁迫的动态响应[J].湖北民族学院学报(自然科学版)，2015，33(4)：435-439. [22]张旭东,王智威,韩清芳,等.玉米早期根系构型及其生理特性对土壤水分的响应[J].生态学报,2016,36(10):2969-2977. [23]丁红，张智猛，戴良香，等.干旱胁迫对花生生长发育和生理特性的影响[J].应用生态学报，2013，24(6)：1586-1592. [24]赵海超,抗艳红,龚学臣,等.干旱胁迫对不同马铃薯品种苗期生理生化指标的影响[J].作物杂志,2013,6(19):63-69. [25]李文娆，张岁岐，丁圣彦，等.干旱胁迫下紫花苜蓿根系形态变化及与水分利用的关系[J].生态学报，2010，30(19)：5140-5150. [26]曹逼力，刘灿玉，徐坤.硅对干旱胁迫下番茄根系细胞超微结构及线粒体活性氧代谢的影响[J].园艺学报,2014，41(12)：2419-2426. [27]王智威，牟思维，闫丽丽，等.水分胁迫对春播玉米苗期生长及其生理生化特性的影响[J].西北植物学报,2013,33(2)：343-351. [28]罗洪海，张宏芝，张亚黎，等.干旱区膜下滴灌条件下土壤深层水对棉花根系生长、分布及产量的影响[J].应用生态学报，2012，23(2)：395-402. [29]种培芳，李航逸,李毅.荒漠植物红砂根系对干旱胁迫的生理响应[J].草业学报，2015，24(1)：72-80. [30]吕剑，颉建明，郁继华，等.灌水下限对基质栽培番茄生长、水分利用效率及果实品质的影响[J].甘肃农业大学学报，2013，48(1)：37-41，48. [31]COOLONG T，SURENDRAN S，WARNER R.Evaluation of irrigation threshold and duration for tomato grown in a silt loam soil[J].Hort Technology，2011，21(4)：466-473.
相似文献/References:
[1]艾星梅,杨 越,徐永艳,等.千层金幼苗部分生理指标对水分胁迫的响应[J].北方园艺,2014,38(02):75.
AI Xing- mei,YANG Yue,XU Yong- yan,et al.Dynamic Responses of Part Physiological Indices Under Water Stress in Melaleuca bracteata Seedling Stage[J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(01):75.
[2]孔 静,裴宗平,杜 旼,等.水分胁迫下AM真菌对紫花苜蓿生长及抗旱性的影响[J].北方园艺,2014,38(09):179.
KONG Jing,PEI Zong-ping,DU Min,et al.Effects of AM Fungi on Alfalfa Growth and Drought Resistance Under Water Stress[J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(01):179.
[3]李寿田,钱剑林,韩建国,等.修剪条件下水分胁迫和磷处理对草地早熟禾草坪质量的影响[J].北方园艺,2013,37(18):56.
LI Shou-tian,QIAN Jian-lin,HAN Jian-guo,et al.Effects of Water Stress and Phosphorus Treatment on Turf Quality of Poa pratensis L.Under Mowing Conditions[J].Northern Horticulture,2013,37(01):56.
[4]王秋姣,廖飞勇.水分胁迫对花叶柳光合荧光参数的影响[J].北方园艺,2013,37(01):42.
WANG Qiu-jiao,LIAO Fei-yong.Effect of Water Stress on the Photosynthesis Fluorescence Parameters of Salin integra cv.‘Hakuro Nishki’[J].Northern Horticulture,2013,37(01):42.
[5]王玉涛,李吉跃,刘平.水分胁迫对四种园林花灌木耗水特性及观赏性的影响[J].北方园艺,2012,36(03):63.
WANG Yu-tao,LI Ji-yue,LIU Ping.Effect of The Water Consumption Characteristics and Ornamental of Four Flowering Shrubs Under Water Stress[J].Northern Horticulture,2012,36(01):63.
[6]苏向辉,秦伟,刘立强,等.水分胁迫对两种野生果树几个生理指标的影响[J].北方园艺,2012,36(16):9.
SU Xiang-hui,QIN Wei,LIU Li-qiang,et al.Effects of Water Stress on Some Physiological Indexes of Two Kinds of Wild Fruit Trees[J].Northern Horticulture,2012,36(01):9.
[7]黄 滔,王秋姣,唐 红.水分胁迫对花叶络石生理指标的影响[J].北方园艺,2012,36(22):72.
HUANG Tao,WANG Qiu-jiao,TANG Hong.Effect of Water Stress on the Physiogical Index of Trachelospermum jasminoides[J].Northern Horticulture,2012,36(01):72.
[8]康利平,张禄.水分胁迫对豇豆幼苗光合特性的影响[J].北方园艺,2012,36(08):17.
KANG Li-ping,ZHANG Lu.Effect of Water Stress on Photosynthetic Characteristics of Cowpea Seedlings[J].Northern Horticulture,2012,36(01):17.
[9]文瑛,廖飞勇.水分胁迫对紫荆生理的影响[J].北方园艺,2012,36(14):64.
WEN Ying,LIAO Fei-yong.Effect of Water Stress on the Physiology of Cercis chinensis Bunge[J].Northern Horticulture,2012,36(01):64.
[10]刘雁南,王林和,张力君,等.灌木铁线莲对水分胁迫的生理响应[J].北方园艺,2014,38(17):71.
LIU Yan-nan,WANG Lin-he,ZHANG Li-jun,et al.Physiological Response of Clematis fruticosa Under Water Stress[J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(01):71.
备注/Memo
第一作者简介：侯梦媛(1992-)，女，硕士研究生，研究方向为设施农业气象。E-mail：c470256059@qq.com.责任作者：杨再强（1967-），男，博士，教授，博士生导师，研究方向为设施作物环境调控机理。E-mail：yzq@nuist.edu.cn.基金项目：公益性行业（气象）科研重大专项资助项目（GYHY201506001-6）。