LIU Guang-ping,ZHANG Yue.Effect of Main Meteorological Factors on Flower Bud Cold Hardiness of Walnut[J].Northern Horticulture,2015,39(07):14-17.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201507004]
主要气象因子对核桃花芽抗寒力的影响
- Title:
- Effect of Main Meteorological Factors on Flower Bud Cold Hardiness of Walnut
- Keywords:
- meteorological factors; walnut; flower buds; cold resistant
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 以“辽宁1号”和 “礼品1号”核桃品种为试材，通过自然环境观察与人工冷冻试验，力图明确影响核桃花芽抗寒力变化的主要气象因子，花芽冻害发生的关键时期；同时找出早实品种“辽宁1号”和晚实品种“礼品1号”的雌、雄花芽间抗寒力差异。结果表明：冬季极端低温、早春突然降温、连续阴霾等异常自然环境变化，都将降低核桃花芽的抗寒力；12月与3月是核桃花芽冻害发生的关键时期；各品种雌、雄花芽抗寒力间均存在明显差异，雄花芽抗寒力低于雌花芽，其中晚实品种“礼品1号”雄花芽的抗寒能力高于早实品种“辽宁1号”，在温度≤-25℃时各品种雄花芽均发生严重伤害；“礼品1号”雌花芽>-20℃低温时期雌花芽抗寒力高于“辽宁1号”，低于此温度时抗寒力则明显下降；早实品种“辽宁1号”雌花芽的抗极限低温能力高于晚实品种“辽宁1号”。因此生产中在极端低温（-25～-30℃）发生的异常年份，更应该注意对核桃雄花芽及晚实品种的保护。
- Abstract:
- Taking ‘Liaoning No.1’ and ‘Lipin No.1’ walnut varieties as materials，the main meteorological factors，the critical frost damage occurred period of flower buds and different cold hardiness on male and female flower buds between precocious cultivar ‘Liaoning No.1’ and late maturing ‘Lipin No.1’ (Juglans regia L.) were studied by observation of natural environment and artificial freezing test.The results showed that，cold hardiness of flower buds would be weakened by extreme cold winter，spring sudden cooling and continuous haze.The majority of injuries in flower buds occurred both December and March.Female flower buds resistant cold was more than males and ‘Lipin No.1’ was better than ‘Liaoning No.1’.Therefore，male flower buds of walnut and late maturing cultivar in a cold winter with unusual low temperature should be pay more attention.
参考文献/References:
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备注/Memo
第一作者简介：刘广平（1973-），女，硕士，研究员级高级工程师，现主要从事经济林抗寒机制等研究工作。E-mail：lgp0411@163.com. 基金项目：国家人力资源与社会保障部留学归国人员择优资助项目（2011LX006）。