ZHAO Yan-sheng,WEN Ping,LIU Xing-lu,et al.Effect of Different Improving Stem on the Photosynthetic Efficiency and Yield and Quality of‘Red Fuji’Apple Trees[J].Northern Horticulture,2015,39(03):9-12.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201503003]
提高主干对乔化“红富士”苹果光合效率和果实产量品质的影响
- Title:
- Effect of Different Improving Stem on the Photosynthetic Efficiency and Yield and Quality of‘Red Fuji’Apple Trees
- Keywords:
- improving stem; ‘Red Fuji’apple; photosynthetic efficiency; yield; quality
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 以陇南山区16年生乔化密植“红富士”苹果为试材，研究了不同提高主干处理对树体叶片净光合效率、有效相对光照强度比例、果实产量和品质的影响。结果表明：当主干提升高度≤100 cm时，随着主干提升高度的增大，“红富士”苹果的叶片净光合效率、有效相对光照强度比例、果实产量和品质显著提高；主干提升高度＞110 cm时，随着提升高度的增加，叶片净光合效率、有效相对光照强度比例、果实品质略有增加趋势，但差异不显著。而果实产量开始显著减少；确定出甘肃陇南山区成龄乔砧“红富士”苹果栽培中，密度为3 m×4 m的果园，盛果期树干高为100～110 cm是比较理想的优质栽培指标。
- Abstract:
- Taking‘Red Fuji’apple trees of 16yearold as test materials，the effect of different improving stem on the net photosynthetic efficiency，effective relative light intensity，yield and quality were studied.The results showed when the height of stem was ≤100 cm，with the increasing of stem height that‘Red Fuji’apple’s net photosynthetic efficiency，effective relative light intensity，yield and quality significantly increased；When the height of stem was＞110 cm，with the increasing of stem height that the net photosynthetic efficiency，effective relative light intensity and quality had a slight increase but no significant differences and the yield began to decrease.When the density was 3 m×4 m，that the stem height of full fruit period apple was 100-110 cm was a good index of cultivation of adult‘Red Fuji’apple cultivation in the Longnan mountainous area of Gansu.
参考文献/References:
[1]Wertheim S J，Wagenmakers P S，Bootsma J H，et al.Orchard systems for apple and pear：conditions for success[J］.Acta Horticulturae,2001,557:209-227.
[2]Buler Z，Mika A，Treder W，et al.Influence of new training systems of dwarf and semidwarf apple trees on yield，its quality and canopy illumination[J］.Acta Horticulturae,2001,557:253-259.
[3]李绍华,李明,刘国杰,等.直立中央领导干树形条件下幼年苹果树体生长特性的研究[J］.中国农业科学,2002,35(7):826-830.
[4]魏钦平,鲁韧强,张显川,等.富士苹果高干开心形光照分布与产量品质的关系研究[J］.园艺学报,2004,31(3):291-296.
[5]吴光林.果树生态学[M］.北京:农业出版社,1992:68-79.
[6]张建军,马希满,杜纪壮,等.红富士苹果新梢及叶与果实品质的关系[J］.中国果树,1994(3):15-17.
[7]束怀瑞.果树栽培生理学[M］.北京:中国农业出版社,1993:152-162.
[8]孙志鸿,魏钦平,杨朝选,等.改良高干开心形富士苹果树冠不同层次相对光照强度分布与枝叶的关系[J］.果树学报,2008,25(2):145-150.
[9]牛军强,马明,尹晓宁,等.乔化密植红富士苹果园改造试验[J］.中国果树,2010(6):23-25.
相似文献/References:
[1]阎腾飞,孙耀清,王华田,等.“红富士”苹果离体/活体枝叶光合作用及[J].北方园艺,2014,38(02):24.
YAN Teng- fei,SUN Yao- qing,WANG Hua- tian,et al.The Seasonal Variation of the Photosynthesis and Water Use Efficiency of ‘Red Fuji’ Apple in vitro/in vivoLeaves[J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(03):24.
[2]林洋,张鹏,李江阔,等.1-甲基环丙烯处理对苹果冰温贮藏效果的影响[J].北方园艺,2013,37(12):128.
LIN Yang,ZHANG Peng,LI Jiang-kuo,et al.Effect of 1-methylcyclopropene on Controlled Freezing Point Storage Quality of Apple[J].Northern Horticulture,2013,37(03):128.
[3]李新明,张永茂,张俊.无硫复合护色剂抑制干制苹果片褐变机理研究[J].北方园艺,2013,37(05):138.
LI Xin-ming,ZHANG Yong-mao,ZHANG Jun.Inhibitory Mechanism of Sulfur-free Complex Color-protective Reagents Against Drying ‘Fuji’ Apple Slices Brown[J].Northern Horticulture,2013,37(03):138.
[4]董铁,孙文泰,刘兴禄,等.不同摘袋时期对“红富士”苹果果实品质的影响[J].北方园艺,2013,37(07):16.
DONG Tie,SUN Wen-tai,LIU Xing-lu,et al.Effects of Different Debagging Time on Quality of ‘Red Fuji’Apple Fruits[J].Northern Horticulture,2013,37(03):16.
[5]孙焕顷.长、短枝“红富士”果实品质的比较研究[J].北方园艺,2012,36(16):19.
SUN Huan-qing.Study on the Fruit Quality of Long-Short Branch ‘Red Fuji’ Apples[J].Northern Horticulture,2012,36(03):19.
[6]李新明,张俊,张永茂.无硫复合护色液对“红富士”苹果片干制过程中相关酶活性的影响[J].北方园艺,2013,37(02):108.
LI Xin-ming,ZHANG Jun,ZHANG Yong-mao.Effect of the Color-protection Liquid on Browning-related Enzymes Activities in ‘Red Fuji’ Apple Slices During Drying Process[J].Northern Horticulture,2013,37(03):108.
[7]窦云萍,牛锐敏,王春良,等.苹果园土壤养分状况对“红富士”苹果果实品质的影响[J].北方园艺,2012,36(22):162.
DOU Yun-ping,NIU Rui-min,WANG Chun-liang,et al.Effects of Soil Nutrient Contents on Fruit Qualities of ‘Red Fuji’ Apple[J].Northern Horticulture,2012,36(03):162.
[8]高文胜,杨力,李林光,等.控释肥对“红富士”苹果生长发育的影响[J].北方园艺,2012,36(20):149.
GAO Wen-sheng,YANG Li,LI Lin-guang,et al.Effect of Controlled Released Fertilizer on Growth and Development of ‘Fuji’ Apple[J].Northern Horticulture,2012,36(03):149.
[9]张玉琪,顾振西,刘惠军,等.蓬莱地区苹果园土壤及果实品质分析[J].北方园艺,2014,38(18):192.
ZHANG Yu-qi,GU Zhen-xi,LIU Hui-jun,et al.Analysis of Soil and Fruit Qualities in Apple Orchards in Penglai of Yantai[J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(03):192.
[10]史娟,郭兴科,张媛,等.几种苹果砧木的有性后代对“红富士”苹果果实糖酸含量的影响[J].北方园艺,2014,38(21):27.
SHI Juan,GUO Xing-ke,ZHANG Yuan,et al.Effect of Sexual Progenies of Different Rootstocks on Sugar and Acid Content in Grafted ‘Red Fuji’ Apple[J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(03):27.
备注/Memo
第一作者简介：赵彦生（1963-），男，本科，高级农艺师，现主要从事苹果栽培研究及示范推广等工作。责任作者：牛军强（1976-），男，本科，副研究员，现主要从事苹果栽培与生理等研究工作。E-mail：niujq222@sina.com.