HA Rong,CHEN Yongwei,JIN Wei,et al.Effects of Different Soil Improvement Techniques on Growth and Fruit Quality of Tomato[J].Northern Horticulture,2024,(17):43-50.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20240807]
不同土壤改良技术对设施番茄生长及果实品质的影响
- Title:
- Effects of Different Soil Improvement Techniques on Growth and Fruit Quality of Tomato
- 文章编号:
- 1001-0009(2024)17-0043-08
- Keywords:
- soil improvement technology; facility tomato; growth and development; nutritional quality; amino acids
- 分类号:
- S 641.2;S 626
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 以大果番茄“普罗旺斯”为试材，采用测定多项生理指标并进行主成分分析的方法，研究了不同土壤改良技术对设施番茄营养生长和果实品质的影响，以期为提高设施番茄生长发育、改善果实品质提供参考依据。结果表明：土壤中阳离子交换量、碱解氮、速效钾、钙等微量元素和有机质含量显著增加，SH效果较好。番茄株高、茎粗、叶片面积的生长发育速率均高于对照；根系长度、粗度在SH处理下最好，根系鲜质量、干质量在SB处理下最高。各试验处理均增加了果实纵横径和产量，EB效果最为明显，产量增加40.98%；果实中糖分和营养物质含量均高于对照，氨基酸总量以SH处理最高为10.35 g·kg-1，营养价值最高。结合主成分综合分析，在SH处理下番茄生长和品质最佳。综上，设施内应用土壤改良技术，可改善土壤理化性质，缓解土壤障碍，对番茄根系和植株有一定促生作用，以太阳热处理效果最佳。
- Abstract:
- Taking large fruit tomato ‘Provence’ as the experimental materials,measuring multiple physiological indicators and conducting principal component analysis were used.The effects of different soil improvement techniques on vegetative growth and fruit quality of plant tomato were analyzed,in order to provide reference for improving the growth and development of plant tomato and fruit quality.The results showed that the content of cation exchange capacity,effective components of nitrogen and potassium,trace elements such as calcium and organic matter in soil increased significantly with the application of soil improvement technology.The growth and development rates of plant height,stem diameter and leaf area of tomato were higher than those of control,at harvest,SH was increased by 6.54%,7.39% and 7.64%,respectively.The root length and diameter were the best under SH,while the root fresh weight and dry weight were the highest under SB.The experimental treatments significantly increased fruit diameter and yield,the EB effect was the obvious,and increased fruit yield by 40.53%.The contents of sugar and nutrient in fruit were higher than those in control.The total amount of amino acids was the highest in SH treatment (10.35 g·kg-1),indicated the highest nutritional value.According to the comprehensive analysis of principal components,the growth and quality of tomato under SH were the best.In conclusion,soil improvement technologies used in facilities,could improve soil physical and chemical properties,alleviate soil obstacle.The treatments could promote the growth of tomato roots and plants,the solar heat treatment was the best.
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备注/Memo
第一作者简介：哈蓉（1994-），女，硕士，农艺师，现主要从事园艺作物生理生态与高效栽培等研究工作。E-mail:350897371@qq.com.责任作者：王昊（1989-），男，硕士，农艺师，现主要从事蔬菜新品种新技术引进、试验、示范与推广等研究工作。E-mail:nxnkwh@163.com.基金项目：宁夏回族自治区重大科技成果转化资助项目（2022CJE09008）。收稿日期：2024-02-27