WANG Li-rui,KOU Tai-ji,HUANG Yu-bo.Effect of Water Retaining Agent Improving Soil Polluted by Lead on Nutrient Use and Growth of Chinese Cabbage[J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(19):160-164.
保水剂改良铅污染土壤对小白菜养分利用与生长的影响
- Title:
- Effect of Water Retaining Agent Improving Soil Polluted by Lead on Nutrient Use and Growth of Chinese Cabbage
- 文章编号:
- 1001-0009（2014）19-0160-05
- Keywords:
- water retaining agent; soil improvement; vegetable; soil pollution; nutrient utilization efficiency
- 分类号:
- S 156.2
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 以“上海青”小白菜为研究对象，利用田间模拟试验，研究了铅污染不同程度土壤施用不同保水剂用量对小白菜生长与物质产量、氮磷钾养分吸收与利用效率的差异。结果表明：土壤铅污染加重不利于蔬菜生长与养分吸收利用，施用保水剂改良污染土壤能够影响蔬菜的生长和吸收利用氮磷钾养分，但影响程度受污染程度和保水剂用量综合制约。铅污染土壤上施用保水剂可增加蔬菜生物量10.0%～23.3%，在铅污染较轻土壤上加大保水剂用量和污染较重土壤上施用较小剂量保水剂更有利于蔬菜生长。适宜的保水剂用量促进氮磷钾养分吸收积累，且随生长天数增加而表现愈明显；保水剂施用提高了养分利用率，但不同养分种类间有所差异。铅污染较轻土壤施用较大剂量和污染较重土壤上施用较小剂量保水剂改良铅污染土壤能综合提高氮磷钾养分利用效率。保水剂1.2 g/kg干土用量相对2.4 g/kg干土用量改良铅污染土壤，实现蔬菜提产增效。
- Abstract:
- Taking ‘Shanghai Qing’ Chinese cabbage as material,the effect of different levels of water retaining agents (WRA) applied to different degrees of soil polluted by lead (SPL) on the growth and biomass of Chinese cabbage were studied.The absorbability of nitrogen (N),phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) and their utilization efficiencies by simulated field experiment were determined.The results showed that adding SPL was disadvantaged with the growth of vegetable and absorption and utilization of nutrients.Effect of WRA application in improvement of polluted soil on vegetable growth and absorption and utilization of N,P and K nutrients were controlled by pollution degree and level of WRA application together.WRA applied to soil polluted by lead could promote the growth of vegetable and increase its biomass by 10.0%～23.3%.Moreover,larger level of WRA application in lower SPL and smaller application level of WRA in SPL were advantaged with the growth of vegetable.Moderate level of WRA promoted the uptake and utilization of vegetable plant to N,P and K nutrients,which was more obvious with growth development；WRA application improved the utilization efficiencies of fertilizer N,P and K,which was different within different nutrient sort.Lager level of WRA application in lower SPL and smaller that in higher SPL applied to improve SPL could generally increase utilization efficiency of N,P and K nutrients.The increases of utilization efficiencies of N,P and K nutrients and vegetable biomass together were better with level of WRA application with 1.2 g/kg dry soil in SPL improvement compared with 2.4 g/kg dry soil.
参考文献/References:
[1]赵其国.谈净土洁食问题[N].科学时报,2003-06-19.
[2]员学锋,吴普特,冯浩.聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)的改土及增产效应[J].水土保持研究,2002,9(2):55-58.
[3]蔡典雄,王小彬,Keith S.土壤保水剂对土壤持水特性及作物出苗的影响[J].土壤肥料,1999(1):13-16.
[4]Ben H M,Faris J,Malik M,et al.Polymers as soil conditioners under consecutive irrigation and rainfall[J].Soil Science Society of America Journal,1989,53:73-77.
[5]杨永辉,吴普特,武继承,等.保水剂对冬小麦不同生育阶段土壤水分及利用的影响[J].农业工程学报,2010,26(12):19-26.
[6]Sepaskhah A R,Bazrafashan-Jahromi A R.Controlling runoff and erosion in sloping land with polyacrylamide under a rainfall simulator[J].Biosystems Engineering,2006,93(4):469-474.
[7]黄占斌,张国桢,李秧秧,等.保水剂特性测定及其在农业中的应用[J].农业工程学报,2002,18(1):22-26.
[8]寇太记,张雅丽,马继红,等.保水剂施用对丹参物质形成与养分利用的影响[J].水土保持学报,2011,25(6)：64-67.
[9]黄占斌,张玲春,董莉,等.不同类型保水剂性能及其对玉米生长效应的比较[J].水土保持学报,2007,21(1)：140-143,163.
[10]刘世亮,寇太记,介晓磊,等.保水剂对玉米生长和土壤养分转化供应的影响研究[J].河南农业大学学报,2005,39(2):146-150.
[11]李世坤,毛小云,廖宗文.复合保水剂的水肥调控模型及其肥效研究[J].水土保持学报,2007,8(4):112-116.
[12]黄占斌,夏春良.农用保水剂作用原理与发展趋势分析[J].水土保持研究,2005,12(5):104-106.
[13]马永刚.铅污染现状、原因及对策[J].中国资源综合利用,2001(2):26-28.
[14]Udawatta R P,Garrett H E,Kallenbach R.Agroforestry buffers for nonpoint source pollution reductions from agricultural watersheds[J].Journal of Environmental Quality,2011,40(3):800-806.
[15]黄凤球,杨光立,黄承武,等.化学节水技术在农业上的应用效果研究[J].水土保持研究,1996(3):118-124.
[16]万惠娥,黄占斌.保水剂对旱区农作物保水效应的研究[J].宁夏农林科技,2000(5):38-39.
相似文献/References:
[1]袁惠燕,梅晓东,胡 磊,等.干旱胁迫下保水剂对高羊茅种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响[J].北方园艺,2014,38(01):72.
YUAN Hui-yan,MEI Xiao-dong,HU Lei,et al.Effect of Water-retaining Agent on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Festuca arudinacea?Under Drought Stress[J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(19):72.
[2]刘峥宇,王根林,王红蕾.我国中低产田发展现状及改良进展[J].北方园艺,2013,37(15):188.
LIU Zheng-yu,WANG Gen-lin,WANG Hong-lei.Development Status and Improvement Progress of Low Yield Farmland in China[J].Northern Horticulture,2013,37(19):188.
[3]司东霞.,陈新平,陈清,等.控释肥料与保水剂的施用对黄瓜幼苗生长及氮素淋洗的影响[J].北方园艺,2013,37(03):176.
SI Dong-xia.,CHEN Xin-ping,CHEN Qing,et al.Effects of Controlled Release Fertilizer and Water Retaining Agent on Plant Growth and N Leaching of Cucumber During Seedling Nursery Period[J].Northern Horticulture,2013,37(19):176.
[4]王 燕,刘书伟.干旱胁迫下保水剂及与椰糠交互作用对“上海青”小白菜生理特性的影响[J].北方园艺,2013,37(20):21.
WANG Yan,LIU Shu-wei.Effects of SAP and SAP Mixted Coir Pith on Physiological Characteristics of Brassica rapa L.‘Shanghaiqing’ Under Drought Stress[J].Northern Horticulture,2013,37(19):21.
[5]马行,刘刊,权俊娇,等.高温胁迫下保水剂对黑麦草光合特性的影响[J].北方园艺,2013,37(21):77.
MA Xing,LIU Kan,QUAN Jun-jiao,et al.Effects of Super Absorbent Polymer on Photosynthesis of Lolium perenne L. Under High Temperature Stress[J].Northern Horticulture,2013,37(19):77.
[6]马书燕,郭淑英,尹东洁,等.浅析黄蕦等在曹妃甸工业区的原土绿化技术[J].北方园艺,2012,36(03):99.
[J].Northern Horticulture,2012,36(19):99.
[7]张玲,申南南,李美美,等.保水剂对‘绿岭’核桃栽植成活及生长发育的影响[J].北方园艺,2014,38(17):10.
ZHANG Ling,SHEN Nan-nan,LI Mei-mei,et al.Effect of Aquasorb on the Planting Survival and Growth of ‘Lyuling’ Walnut[J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(19):10.
[8]岳鹏鹏,纪晓玲,张静,等.保水剂对剪股颖种子萌发的影响[J].北方园艺,2014,38(21):70.
YUE Peng-peng,JI Xiao-ling,ZHANG Jing,et al.Effect of Water Retaining Agent on Seed Germination in Bentgrass[J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(19):70.
[9]李 杨,王百田.肥料对不同粒径保水剂吸水性能的影响[J].北方园艺,2015,39(03):143.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201503042]
LI Yang,WANG Bai-tian.Effect of Fertilizers on the Water Absorbing Performance of Different Particle Size SPA[J].Northern Horticulture,2015,39(19):143.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201503042]
[10]张 东 东,王 百 田,婷,等.保水剂、 聚天门冬氨酸和生长调节剂的配比对山杏苗木生长的影响[J].北方园艺,2010,34(12):0.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.2010012009]
ZHANG Dong -dong,W ANG Bai -tian,W ANG Ting,et al.Effects of Three Kinds of Formula of Water -retaining Agent and Exogenous Substances on the Growth of Armeniaca sibirica[J].Northern Horticulture,2010,34(19):0.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.2010012009]
备注/Memo
第一作者简介：王俪睿（1987-），女，河南鹤壁人，硕士研究生，现主要从事逆境植物营养等研究工作。E-mail：liruiwangkeda@126.com.
责任作者：寇太记（1975-），男，河南新乡人，博士，副教授，现主要从事气候环境变化与物质循环及逆境植物营养与农田生态等研究工作。E-mail：tjkou@aliyun.com.
基金项目：国家自然科学基金资助项目（41003030）；土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室开放基金资助项目（Y052010030）；河南科技大学人才基金资助项目（09001266）。
收稿日期：2014-05-27