MA Wenyao,FAN Wenqi,WANG Xiaoxiang,et al.Fruit Growth and Development Dynamics of Different Combinations of Pear×Apple Distant Hybridization[J].Northern Horticulture,2024,(22):8-14.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20240681]
梨×苹果远缘杂交不同组合果实生长发育动态
- Title:
- Fruit Growth and Development Dynamics of Different Combinations of Pear×Apple Distant Hybridization
- 文章编号:
- 1001-0009(2024)22-0008-07
- Keywords:
- pear×apple; distant hybridization; fruit growth
- 分类号:
- S 661.1;S 661.2
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 以梨品系‘79-1’、品系‘1273’和苹果品种“寒富”“富士”“秦脆”“岳华”“铃铛”“海红”为试材，分别设计梨品系‘79-1’与大苹果杂交4个组合，梨品系‘79-1’与小苹果组合2个，梨品系‘79-1’、品系‘1273’和相同父本（混合花粉）组合2个，研究了不同组合选配对后代果实硬度、可溶性固形物含量、脱萼率、生长发育动态，以及不同父本果实硬度、可溶性固形物、脱萼率、单果质量、果形指数间相关性的影响，以期为阐明远缘杂交相关遗传规律提供参考依据。结果表明：远缘杂交中母本对坐果率的影响远远大于父本，对每个果实种子数影响不大。混合花粉授粉可以提高每个果实的种子数。果实硬度、可溶性固形物含量、单果质量、果形指数与脱萼率呈负相关，果实内种子数与果实质量呈正相关。不同组合远缘杂交果实纵径、横径、体积生长并不一致，但生长动态均符合S形生长曲线；且果实纵径与横径生长不同步；果实后期体积增加主要是横径增长的贡献；小苹果为父本的果实体积在7月下旬至8月初增长速度快于大苹果为父本。这表明小苹果为父本与大苹果为父本的果实生长动态不同。
- Abstract:
- Taking the pear strain ‘79-1’，the strain ‘1273’ and the apple varieties ‘Hanfu’‘Fushi’‘Qincui’‘Yuehua’‘Lingdang’ and ‘Haihong’ as the test materials,four combinations of pear strain ‘79-1’ and big apple were designed to be crossed，and two combinations of pear strain ‘79-1’ and small apple were designed.Two pear cultivars, cultivar ‘79-1’, cultivar ‘1273’,and the same paternal parent (mixed pollen) combination,were selected to study the fruit hardness,soluble solids content,calyx removal rate,growth and development dynamics of their offspring,as well as the effects of different paternal parent fruit hardness,soluble solids content,calyx removal rate,single fruit weight, and fruit shape index on their correlation,in order to provide reference for elucidating the genetic laws related to distant hybridization.The results showed that the effect of the female parent on the fruit setting rate was much greater than that of the male parent in the distant crossing，and had little effect on the number of seeds per fruit.Mixed pollination could increase the number of seeds per fruit.Fruit firmness，soluble solids content，single fruit weight，fruit shape index were negatively correlated with the removal rate，and the number of seeds in the fruit was positively correlated with fruit weight，but the correlation was not significant.The longitudinal diameter，transverse diameter and volume growth of different combinations of distant hybrid fruits were not consistent，but the growth dynamics were in line with the S-shaped growth curve.And the longitudinal diameter and transverse diameter of the fruit were not synchronized.The increase in volume in the late fruit stage was mainly due to the increase in transverse diameter.The fruit volume of the small apple as the male parent grew faster than the large apple from late July to early August.This suggested that the fruit growth dynamics of small apples were different from those of large apples.
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备注/Memo
第一作者简介：马文尧（1997-），女，硕士，研究实习员，现主要从事梨树育种及抗寒栽培等研究工作。E-mail：linzhiiii@163.com.责任作者：王晓祥（1969-），男，硕士，研究员，现主要从事果树抗寒育种及相关性状遗传等研究工作。E-mail：wangxiaoxiang9@126.com.基金项目：国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金资助项目（CARS28）；“十四五”国家重点研发计划子课题资助项目（2022YFD1600500）。收稿日期：2024-02-08