WANG Yong,LI Hongyan,CAO Yang,et al.Fruit Quality Analysis and Comprehensive Evaluation of 23 Superior Varieties of Walnut in Middle Section of Taihang Mountain[J].Northern Horticulture,2022,(22):24-30.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20221701]
太行山中山段二十三个绵核桃优种果实品质分析及综合评价
- Title:
- Fruit Quality Analysis and Comprehensive Evaluation of 23 Superior Varieties of Walnut in Middle Section of Taihang Mountain
- Keywords:
- walnut; fruit character; kernel component; coefficient of variation; principal component analysis
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 以太行山区栽培绵核桃优种为试材，采用变异系数、单项性状排序和主成分分析等方法,研究了太行山区不同分布地区23份核桃果实性状及种仁营养成分，以期筛选出单项性状优异和综合性状优良的本地核桃单株，为太行山区全面普及优质核桃品种化、标准化栽培提供优质种质资源，同时丰富绵核桃优良品种选育及遗传改良资源。结果表明：各指标变异系数在3.07%~46.65%；按不同种类指标来讲，矿质元素含量和脂肪酸含量的变异系数较大；果实单项性状均排在前7位的单株有1、53、35号和29号；核仁成分单项性状中，1号和33号蛋白质含量较大，64、18号和29号的脂肪含量较大，同时油酸含量较高；28、42号和32号的亚油酸含量和亚麻酸含量较大；通过对测定的14个性状进行主成分分析,提取出的5个主成分能够代表23个供试品种综合性状的79.96%；评价核桃综合品质的关键性指标有果实三径、单果质量、棕榈酸、亚油酸、亚麻酸、花生酸、钙含量和蛋白质含量，主成分综合得分排序前5名依次为1、53、67、32号和33号单株；对比主成分分析得分排名与单项性状筛选排名的结果表明，1、53、67号和32号核桃果实特性表现优良。
- Abstract:
- Twenty-three walnut varieties cultivated in Taihang Mountains area were used to study the fruit characters and kernel nutrient components of walnut in different distribution areas of Taihang Mountain area by using coefficient of variation (CV)，single trait ordering and principal component analysis，in order to screen out local walnut individual plants with excellent individual and comprehensive characters and provide high-quality germplasm resources for popularizing high-quality walnut variety and standard cultivation in Taihang Mountain area，at the same time，the breeding and genetic improvement resources of superior walnut varieties were enriched.The results showed that the coefficient of variation ranged from 3.07% to 46.65%，and the coefficient of variation of mineral element content and fatty acid content was higher according to different indexes.The No.1，No.53,No.35 and No.29 were all ranked in the top 7 of single fruit traits，and the No.1 and No.33 were the most abundant in protein and the No.64,No.18 and No.29 were the most abundant in fat，the content of linoleic acid and linolenic acid in No.28，No.42 and No.32 were higher than that in others，the 5 principal components extracted could represent 79.96% of the total characters of 23 varieties The key indexes to evaluate the comprehensive quality of walnut were fruit three-diameter，single fruit weight，palmitic acid，linoleic acid，linolenic acid，arachidonic acid，calcium content and protein content，the first five trees were No.1，No.53，No.67，No.32 and No.33 respectively，and the results of principal component analysis ranking and single trait screening ranking showed that the fruit characteristics of No.1,No.53，No.67 and No.32 were excellent.
参考文献/References:
［1］刘振东,陈翠英.太行山北部山区核桃生产中存在的问题及对策［J］.河北林业科技,2016,2(1):91-92.［2］叶方强.浙江省临安山核桃区域品牌评价分析［D］.福州：福建农林大学,2015.［3］张金丽,李靖,单显志,等.美国山核桃不同引种品种蛋白质和多糖含量比较分析［J］.西部林业科学,2018,47(4):85-88.［4］邓秋菊,王克春,曹凡,等.不同薄壳山核桃单株种子果实品质与发芽特性比较［J］.北方园艺,2016(20):14-17.［5］翟大才,吴锦菲,柏晓辉,等.安徽地区华东野核桃果实特征和坚果品质的初步评价［J］.林业科学研究2019,32(4):129-136.［6］王庆江,及歆荣,程璇，等.河北南部太行山区核桃需水规律研究［J］.北方园艺,2019(24):36-42.［7］国家卫生和计划生育委员会,国家食品药品监督管理总局.GB/T5009.6-2016食品安全国家标准食品中脂肪的测定［S］.北京:中国标准出版社,2016.［8］国家卫生和计划生育委员会,国家食品药品监督管理总局.GB/T5009.5-2016食品安全国家标准食品中蛋白质的测定［S］.北京:中国标准出版社,2016.［9］罗宇年,田英姿,英犁,等.新疆主栽核桃品种的营养品质评价［J］.现代食品科技,2014,30(5):258-261,286.［10］薛晓芳,赵爱玲,王永康，等.不同枣品种果实品质分析及综合评价［J］.中国果树,2016(3):11-15.［11］罗会婷,贾晓东,翟敏，等.76株薄壳山核桃实生单株的果实品质差异及综合评价［J］.植物资源与环境学报,2017,26(1):47-54.［12］李朝峰,杨中宝.SPSS主成分分析中的特征向量计算问题［J］.统计教育,2007(3):10-11.［13］梁珊珊,吕芳德,蒋瑶,等.核桃待选优株坚果品质主成分分析及综合评判［J］.经济林研究,2015,22(3):7-12,32.［14］左继林,孙颖,吴妹杰,等.美国薄壳山核桃实生种源果实品质主成分分析与综合评价［J］.江苏农业科学,2019,47(18):235-240.［15］黄晓露,赵志珩,李开祥，等.广西优良核桃单株果实品质差异及综合评价研究［J］.西南农业学报，2019，32(3):489-494.［16］翟大才,吴锦菲,柏晓辉.等。安徽地区华东野核桃果实特征和坚果品质的初步评价［J］.林业科学研究,2019,32(4):129-136［17］李永荣,李晓储,吴文龙,等.66个薄壳山核桃实生单株果实性状变异选择研究［J］.林业科学研究,2013,26(4):438-446.［18］杜天宇,胡去非,王相媛,等.核桃坚果主成分分析及优株筛选研究［J］.内蒙古农业大学学报(自然科学版),2018,39(2):34-45.［19］张亭,杜倩,李勇.核桃的营养成分及其保健功能的研究进展［J］.中国食物与营养,2018,24(7):64-69.［20］李俊南,习学良,熊新武,等.核桃的营养保健功能及功能成分研究进展［J］.中国食物与营养,2018,24(5):60-64.［21］翟大才,毕淑峰,王娜娜.黄山市屯溪区薄壳山核桃形态指标、营养成分及其相关性研究［J］.黄山学院学报,2016,18(5):41-44.［22］刘昊,马庆国,张继勇,等.凉山州核桃坚果表型多样性研究［J］.林业科学研究,2017,30(5):771-778.［23］李永荣,李晓储,吴文龙,等.66个薄壳山核桃实生单株果实性状变异选择研究［J］.林业科学研究,2013,26(4):438-446.［24］常君,任华东,姚小华,等山核桃不同无性系果实性状及营养成分分析［J］.林业科学研究,2017,30(1):166-173.［25］何晓群.现代统计分析方法与应用［M］.北京:中国人民大学出版社,2007.［26］韩冬梅,吴振先,杨武,等.龙眼果实品质评价理化指标体系的构建［J］.植物遗传资源学报,2015,16(3):503-511.［27］董星光,田路明,曹玉芬,等.我国南方砂梨主产区主栽品种果实品质因子分析及综合评价［J］.果树学报,2014,31(5):815-822.
相似文献/References:
[1]宋健坤,刁孟贤,王 然.黄金梨与砀山酥梨杂交后代果实性状遗传趋势的初步研究[J].北方园艺,2014,38(14):28.
SONG Jian-kun,DIAO Meng-xian,WANG Ran.The Primary Research on Genetic Trend of Pear Fruit Characters on Hybrid Progenies From Pyrus pyrifolia Nakai cv.‘Whangkeumbae’ Pear and Pyrus bretschneideri Rehd.cv.‘Dangshansu’[J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(22):28.
[2]王海波,李慧峰,何平,等.苹果不同果形果实性状及其相关性分析[J].北方园艺,2013,37(03):22.
WANG Hai-bo,LI Hui-feng,HE Ping,et al.Analysis on Characters and Their Correlations of Apple with Different Fruit Shapes[J].Northern Horticulture,2013,37(22):22.
[3]魏国芹,孙玉刚,安淼,等.甜樱桃不同品种生长结果习性调查[J].北方园艺,2012,36(06):13.
WEI Guo-qin,SUN Yu-gang,AN Miao,et al.Analysis on Growth and Bearing Habits in Different Sweet Cherry Cultivars[J].Northern Horticulture,2012,36(22):13.
[4]牛锐敏,陈卫平,王国珍,等.几个酿酒葡萄品种在广夏第三种植基地的栽培表现[J].北方园艺,2012,36(10):9.
NIU Rui-min,CHEN Wei-ping,WANG Guo-zhen,et al.Culture Performance of Wine Grape Cultivars in the Third Planting Base of Guangxia[J].Northern Horticulture,2012,36(22):9.
[5]王洋洋,韩雨,盛云燕.空间诱变对薄皮甜瓜SP1田间主要性状变异的影响[J].北方园艺,2013,37(24):14.
WANG Yang-yang,HAN Yu,SHENG Yun-yan.The Effects of Space Mutation Breeding on Variation of Field Characters of SP1 Melon[J].Northern Horticulture,2013,37(22):14.
[6]杨芩,李性苑,田鑫,等.‘粉蓝’兔眼蓝莓适宜授粉品种的筛选[J].北方园艺,2015,39(06):5.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201506002]
YANG Qin,LI Xing-yuan,TIAN Xin,et al.Screening of the Appropriate Pollinizer of Rabbiteye Blueberry Cultivar ‘Powderblue’[J].Northern Horticulture,2015,39(22):5.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201506002]
[7]王彦伟,王尚堃.生物有机肥对“黄金”梨栽培的影响[J].北方园艺,2016,40(07):158.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201607040]
WANG Yanwei,WANG Shangkun.Effect of Biological Organic Fertilizer on ‘Huangjin’ Pear Cultivation[J].Northern Horticulture,2016,40(22):158.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201607040]
[8]曹展波,雷小林,龚春,等.胡颓子属五种落叶植物同地栽培果实性状观测分析[J].北方园艺,2016,40(11):31.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201611008]
CAO Zhanbo,LEI Xiaolin,GONG Chun,et al.Observation and Analysis on Fruits Characteristics of Five Deciduous Species of Elaeagnus Linn.in the Same Place as the Cultivation[J].Northern Horticulture,2016,40(22):31.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201611008]
[9]陶丽,陈丽兰,陶亮,等.授粉源对澳洲坚果 ‘Keauhou’ 坐果率和果实性状的影响[J].北方园艺,2016,40(16):9.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201616002]
TAO Li,CHEN Lilan,TAO Liang,et al.Effect of Pollination Sources on Fruit Setting Rate and Fruit Characteristics of Macadamia Cultivars ‘Keauhou’[J].Northern Horticulture,2016,40(22):9.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201616002]
[10]李杰,冯跃华,罗睿,等.野生水果鹰爪枫果实性状调查[J].北方园艺,2016,40(19):31.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201619008]
LI Jie,FENG Yuehua,LUO Rui,et al.Characteristics Survey of Wild Fruit Holboellia coriacea[J].Northern Horticulture,2016,40(22):31.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201619008]
备注/Memo
第一作者简介：王勇（1973-），男，本科，研究员，现主要从事核桃遗传育种及种质资源鉴定评价等研究工作。E-mail:243367082@qq.com.基金项目：山西农业大学（山西省农业科学院）院级项目资助项目（YCX2018D2YX06）；山西省科技战略研究专项资助项目（202104031402103）。收稿日期：2022-04-25