YANG Xiang,SU Xuede,LI Pengcheng,et al.Effects of Different Cyanamide Treatments on Biological Characteristics and Fruit Quality of ‘Summer Black’ Grape[J].Northern Horticulture,2021,(15):51-56.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20204894]
不同单氰胺处理对“夏黑”葡萄生物学特性和果实品质的影响
- Title:
- Effects of Different Cyanamide Treatments on Biological Characteristics and Fruit Quality of ‘Summer Black’ Grape
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 以六年生南疆日光温室“一年两熟”的“夏黑”葡萄为试材，研究不同单氰胺（荣芽、昱果丰）处理对“一年两熟”的“夏黑”葡萄生物学特性和果实品质的影响，以期为“夏黑”葡萄“一年两熟”栽培技术在南疆地区的实现提供参考依据。结果表明：与对照相比，不同单氰胺处理显著减少新梢节间长度和新梢粗度，对叶片长度、半叶宽度和叶绿素SPAD值无显著影响；对“夏黑”果形指数没有明显影响，良好的保持了“夏黑”葡萄的外观特性；但显著增加果实纵横径、果实单粒质量和穗质量，其中T1~T6处理单粒质量分别增加了27.98%、26.68%、25.62%、22.55%、14.52%和9.80%，穗质量分别增加了27.98%、26.66%、25.54%、22.57%、14.54%和9.82%；其次，显著提高可溶性固形物含量，分别提高了27.84%、25.85%、24.29%、24.29%、17.76%和15.20%。在处理范围内，不同浓度荣芽处理生物学特性和果实品质差异不显著，不同昱果丰处理果实品质T4处理显著高于T5和T6处理；荣芽处理果实品质高于昱果丰处理，其中显著高于T5和T6处理。综合比较，在一定浓度范围内使用单氰胺涂抹芽眼可以提升南疆日光温室“一年两熟”的“夏黑”葡萄果实品质，为实现南疆日光温室“夏黑”葡萄“一年两熟”，荣芽处理（20~40倍）效果更优。
- Abstract:
- The effects of different concentrations of cyanamide on the biological characteristics and fruit quality of ‘one year two harvest system’ of ‘Summer Black’ grape were studied by using different concentrations of cyanamide (‘Rongya ’and ‘Yuguofeng’).In order to provide a reference for the realization of ‘one year two harvest system’ of ‘Summer Black’ grape in Southern Xinjiang.The results showed that,compared with the control(CK),different cyanamide treatments significantly reduced the internode length and diameter of new shoots,but had no significant effect on leaf length,half leaf width and chlorophyll SPAD value;it had no significant effect on the fruit shape index,maintained the appearance characteristics of ‘Summer Black’ grape,significantly increased the vertical and horizontal diameter of the fruit,significantly increased the single fruit weight and single panicle weight of the fruit,among which the single fruit weight of T1-T6 treatments increased by 27.98%,26.68%,25.62%,22.55%,14.52% and 9.80%,respectively,single panicle weight increase by 27.98%，26.66%，25.54%，22.57%,14.54%and 9.82%;significantly increased soluble solids content by 27.84%，25.85%，24.29%，24.29%，17.76%and 15.20%.In the range of treatment,there was no significant difference in biological characteristics and fruit quality among different concentrations of ‘Rongya’,the fruit quality of T4 treatment was significantly higher than that of T5 and T6 treatments,the fruit quality of ‘Rongya’ treatment was higher than that of ‘Yuguofeng’ treatment,which was significantly higher than that of T5 and T6 treatments.Comprehensive comparison showed that,the application of cyanamide in a certain concentration range could improve the fruit quality,in order to realize ‘one year two harvest system’ of ‘Summer Black’ grape in solar greenhouse in Southern Xinjiang,the effect of ‘Rongya’ treatments (20-40 times) was better.
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备注/Memo
第一作者简介：杨湘（1992-），女，硕士，助理研究员，现主要从事果树栽培生理等研究工作。E-mail：yangx22@126.com.责任作者：苏学德（1979-），男，硕士，副研究员，现主要从事果树栽培生理及育种等研究工作。E-mail：suxuede509@126.com.基金项目：新疆生产建设兵团南疆重点产业科技支撑计划资助项目（2018DB005）；新疆生产建设兵团科技特派员创新创业计划资助项目（2018CB038）；新疆兵团科技攻关与成果转化计划资助项目（2015AC012）。收稿日期：2020-11-19