ZHANG Zhongwu,SUN Xincheng,KANG Jie,et al.Estimation of N,P,K Safe Content and Control of Fertilizer Rate at Seedling Stage of Cowpea[J].Northern Horticulture,2020,44(19):8-15.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20194787]
豇豆苗期土壤氮磷钾安全含量估测与施肥量控制
- Title:
- Estimation of N,P,K Safe Content and Control of Fertilizer Rate at Seedling Stage of Cowpea
- Keywords:
- cowpea; fertilization; safety
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 以“詹豇215”豇豆和5种肥料为试材，采用统计法研究在不同施肥水平下的土壤速效氮磷钾含量及豇豆幼苗空穴率，以期估测豇豆苗期土壤氮磷钾安全含量和科学指导施肥。结果表明：施肥水平不仅影响土壤中氮磷钾含量，还影响到豇豆移栽后的成活率，造成不同程度缺苗；复合肥对土壤肥力的影响作用最大，施用越多，速效氮磷钾含量越高，空穴率越高；速效氮磷钾含量与空穴率之间分别可以用线性关系式Y=0.007N-0.166、Y=0.007P-0.151和Y=0.003K-0.199表达。确保豇豆幼苗不发生肥害的土壤速效氮磷钾的上限含量分别为42.034、39.748、99.106 mg?kg-1。复合肥（18-18-18）的每平方米用量与土壤速效氮磷钾含量可以分别用函数方程X=0.997N-11.315、X=1.042P-10.792和X=0.427K-13.083表达；在施用有机肥等肥料基础上，复合肥的最大施用量应控制在29.24 g?m-2以内。
- Abstract:
- To estimate the N,P,K safe content at seedling stage of cowpea and scientifically guide fertilization，this study counted the contents of available nitrogen phosphorus and potassium in the soil and cavity rate of cowpea seedling under different fertilization levels using ‘Zhanjiang 215’ cowpea and five kinds of fertilizers as test materials.The results showed that the fertilizer level not only affected the nitrogen，phosphorus and potassium content in soil，but also affected the survival rate of cowpea after transplanting.Compound fertilizer had the greatest effect on soil fertility.The more the application，the higher the available nitrogen，phosphorus and potassium content，the higher the cavity rate.The available N,P,K content and the cavity rate could be expressed by the linear relationship of Y=0.007N-0.166，Y=0.007P-0.151 and Y=0.003K-0.199，respectively.The upper limit values of available N,P,K content in soil which the cowpea seedlings did not cause by fertilizer harm were 42.034，39.748，99.106 mg?kg-1，respectively.The amount per square meter of compound fertilizer (18-18-18) and the available NPK content in soil could be expressed by functional equations X=0.997N-11.315，X=1.042P-10.792 and X=0.427K-13.083，respectively.On the basis of applying organic fertilizer and other fertilizers，the maximal amount of compound fertilizer should be controlled within 29.24 g?m-2.
参考文献/References:
[1]彭元群,罗金梅,张忠武,等.豇豆漂浮育苗技术[J].中国农技推广,2017,33(5):40-42.[2]农业部.2006年全国各地蔬菜播种面积和产量[J].中国蔬菜，2008,1(1):65-65．[3]张忠武,詹远华,田军,等.早熟豇豆新品种天畅9号的选育[J].中国蔬菜,2017(4):77-79.[4]康杰,张忠武,孙信成,等.豇豆播种期与开花期函数模型构建[J].江汉大学学报（自然科学版）,2019,47(3):204-208．[5]程雅梅.南京市溧水区化肥使用量零增长行动措施与成效[J].中国农业信息,2017（15）：45-46.[6]刘琳琳,张明培,于立芝,等.氮肥施用量对菜豆前期产量和土壤碱解氮的影响[J].山东农业科学,2013(10):92-94.[7]夏玄,万涛,龚振平,等.土壤速效氮水平对大豆氮素积累和产量的影响[J].作物杂志,2014(1):94-98.[8]王月立,马强,姜春明,等.潮棕壤速效磷产量临界值和淋溶临界值的计算[J].干旱地区农业研究,2014,32(2):171-176.[9]宋秋来,郭昕,龚振平,等.土壤速效钾水平对大豆钾素积累及产量影响的研究[J].作物杂志,2014(2):106-109.[10]王卫平,薛智勇,朱凤香,等.豇豆对营养元素的吸收积累与分配规律研究[J].水土保持学报,2013,27(6):158-161,71.[11]李赛慧,吴东涛,刘术新,等．基于“3414”试验的长豇豆肥效模型及推荐施肥量研究[J].丽水学院学报,2019,41(2):68-74.[12]龙增群,符汝监,张法李,等.肇庆市豇豆测土配方施肥效应研究[J].现代农业科技,2011(23):153-155.[13]唐军信,周爽,何庆跃,等.道县豆角“3415”肥料效应试验初探[J].湖南农业科学,2013(21):41-43,48.[14]花会功,姚宗儒,沈泓毅,等.合浦县秋季豇豆氮肥肥效试验研究[J].农业科技通讯,2015(6):135-137.[15]李淑仪,张桥,廖新荣,等.华南地区蔬菜钾肥推荐施肥技术体系建立[J].中国蔬菜,2013(4):69-75.[16]王娜娜,刘恩科,姜春霞,等.肥密因子对旱地豇豆产量效应分析[J].安徽农业科学,2018,46(34):27-29,32.[17]袁廷庆,李秋洁,符启位,等.不同施肥处理对豇豆及苦瓜幼苗生长影响[J].长江蔬菜,2018(10):12-14.[18]饶立兵,陈德圆,李再成,等.施肥技术对豇豆产量的影响[J].浙江农业科学,2005(3):177-178.[19]吴旭东,陈莉莉,马明,等.不同施肥处理对豇豆品质、产量及经济效益的影响[J].长江蔬菜,2019(2):66-69.
相似文献/References:
[1]苏德喜,贾倩民.牧草品种与施肥对干旱区弃耕地土壤理化性质的影响[J].北方园艺,2014,38(11):153.
SU De-xi,JIA Qian-min.Effects of Different Forage Species and Fertilizer on Soil Physical and Chemical Properties in Abandoned Land of Arid Area[J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(19):153.
[2]孙令强,刘树堂,仲 辉,等.不同土壤肥力对干制辣椒产量和活性物质含量的影响[J].北方园艺,2013,37(22):169.
SUN Ling-qiang,LIU Shu-tang,ZHONG Hui,et al.Comparison of Different Soil Fertility of Dry Pepper Yield and Content of Active Substances[J].Northern Horticulture,2013,37(19):169.
[3]饶贵珍,鲁红学,王香萍,等.豇豆无公害安全高效生产技术及效益分析[J].北方园艺,2014,38(14):230.
[4]贾利元,郭秀英,崔保伟.黄淮海地区豇豆品种筛选试验[J].北方园艺,2013,37(17):44.
JIA Li-yuan,GUO Xiu-ying,CUI Bao-wei.Screening Test on Cowpea Breeds in Huanghuaihai Region[J].Northern Horticulture,2013,37(19):44.
[5]常文静,张学超,杨明花.伊犁河谷豇豆品种比较试验[J].北方园艺,2013,37(17):46.
CHANG Wen-jing,ZHANG Xue-chao,YANG Ming-hua.Comparative Experiment of Cowpea Varieties in Yili Valley[J].Northern Horticulture,2013,37(19):46.
[6]朱庆松,刘秀青.设施蔬菜二氧化碳施肥技术[J].北方园艺,2013,37(17):55.
ZHU Qing-song,LIU Xiu-qing.Carbondioxide Fertilization Technique of Facilities Vegetables[J].Northern Horticulture,2013,37(19):55.
[7]陈晓云,张亚文,詹德江,等.辽宁海城设施蔬菜土壤重金属污染评价研究[J].北方园艺,2014,38(01):165.
CHEN Xiao-yun,ZHANG Ya-wen,ZHAN De-jiang,et al.Study on Evaluation of Soil Heavy Metal Pollution of Greenhouse Vegetable in North China[J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(19):165.
[8]梁晓静,韦晓娟,陈金艳,等.不同施肥处理对肉桂容器苗早期生长的影响[J].北方园艺,2014,38(02):165.
LIANG Xiao-jing,WEI Xiao-juan,CHEN Jin-yan,et al.Effect of Different Fertilizer Treatments on the Seedling Growth of Cinnamomum cassia Presl[J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(19):165.
[9]贾倩民,陈彦云,陈科元,等.荒漠草原区牧草品种与施肥对牧草产量及品质的影响[J].北方园艺,2014,38(06):168.
JIA Qian-min,CHEN Yan-yun,CHEN Ke-yuan,et al.Effect of Pasture Species and Fertilizer on Yield and Quality of Pasture in Desert Steppe Zone[J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(19):168.
[10]李殿波,郑 禾,李海东,等.不同施肥处理对菠菜硝酸盐及亚硝酸盐含量的影响[J].北方园艺,2014,38(03):166.
LI Dian-bo,ZHENG He,LI Hai-dong,et al.Effect of Different Fertilizing Treatments on the Content of Nitrate and Nitrite of Spinach[J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(19):166.
备注/Memo
第一作者简介：张忠武（1966-），男，本科，高级农艺师，现主要从事蔬菜育种与栽培等研究工作。E-mail:tczyzzw@163.com.责任作者：邓正春（1957-），男，本科，研究员，现主要从事蔬菜栽培技术研究与推广等工作。E-mail:2102173272@qq.com.基金项目：国家现代农业产业技术体系资助项目(CARS-23-G-31)；湖南省农业科技创新资金资助项目（2019SC01-4）。收稿日期：2019-12-19